高中英语语法-被动语态详解(课堂PPT)

被动语态
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Warming up
Love To Be Loved By You 是一首旋律优美的 英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克·特 伦茨（Marc Terenzi）。2005年，Marc与德 国歌手莎拉·寇娜（Sarah Connor）结婚时， 将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。
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Task 1 Fill the blank by the song
The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.
His lessons were not easily forgotten. 12
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 3. 一般将来时：
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”
等词用来表示被动，而英语用： be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
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此题答案应为B。
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❽.We can’t use the bridge now, because it ____.
A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 6. 过去进行时：
The plan works out wonderfully.
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2. 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：begin,finish, start, open, close, happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out(不能用于被动语态)等 以主动形式表示被动意义。
例 How do the newspapers come out? China is a developing country,belonging (belong) to the Third World.
1. The shop closes (close) at 6 p.m. every day.
2. Work began (begin) at 7o'clock this morning.
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❼. —Have you got the result of the last examination? —Not yet. We’ve been told that the papers ________. A. are marked B. are being marked C. have been marked D. were marked
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Summary: 主动 or 被动？
That I love you more than life That I’m blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be loved I love to be loved by you
主动 被动
country. Rice is grown in the south of the
country. (2)The school doesn't allow us to enter
the chemistry lab without a teacher. We are not allowed to enter the
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(一) 语 态 分 类 (二) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用 (三)主动语态变被动语态的方法 (四)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 (五) 含有情态动词的被动语态： (六) 总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化
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(一) 语 态 分 类
英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表 示主语是动作的承受者。如：
(1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended.
(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.
Trees were being planted here this time last year.
chemistry lab without a teacher.
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❶.If he___ enough time, he will come up with an idea.
A. gives B. will give
C. is given D. will be given
❷.A new film is going to ___ this Sunday.
A. show
B. showing
C. be shown D. be showing
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summary
一般现在时(simple present)： 主动语态 S（主语）+v(动词) S(主语)+am/is/are +过去分词(done)
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Task 3 Group Work 1 一般过去时：S+was/were +done
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 8. 过去完成时：
(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
一般将来时: S+ will+be+ done 情态动词: S+can/may/must/shoud
+ be+ done
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2. 一般过去时：
(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
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(四） 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词 + be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
例 This kind of cloth washes well.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是 主语的特征，而被动语态则强调 外界作用造成的影响。
翻译句子： 1. 这件外套容易干。 This coat dries easily. 2. 尼龙（Nylon）容易清洗干净。
Nylon cleans easily. 3. 这项计划进展地很好。
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A lot of new roads ___ built in the west of China.
A. must B. must be C. has D. have ⑪.His car ___ tomorrow. A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
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Task 4 (五)主动语态变被动语态的方法
I bought a computer last term．
主
谓
宾(受动者)
A computer was bought (by me) last term.
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2.谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义:
1.英语中有很多动词如 break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open， sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时， 常用其主动形式 表达被动意义,主语通常是物。
3. Our dreams finally will come (come) true.
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3. 非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义
在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义 1.在need，want，require, bear,deserve等词的后面，动名词用主动形式 表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 翻译句子：这所房子需要被修理。
(2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader.
He had been considered to be a great leader.
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(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 7. 现在完成时：
(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
(2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.