影响动脉血压的因素实验报告doc

影响动脉血压的因素实验报告

篇一：不同因素对家兔血压的影响.实验结果中英文分析不同因素对家兔血压的影响

实验原理

动脉血压主要受心输出量和外周阻力的影响。动脉血压的高低是衡量心血管活动的重要指标。正常情况下，机体的动脉血压保持相对恒定。这种恒定是通过神经体液调节实现的。神经调节主要是心血管反射，其中最重要的是颈动脉窦和主动脉弓压力感受性反射。体液调节最主要的是儿茶酚胺类激素（如肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素）。

Arterial blood pressure is mainly influenced by cardiac output and peripheral resistance.The discretion of the arterial blood pressure is the important indicators of cardiovascular events.Under normal circumstances, the body's arterial blood pressure remained relatively constant.This constant is achieved by neurohumoral regulation.Neuromodulation mainly cardiovascular reflex, one of the most important is the carotid sinus and aortic arch baroreceptor reflex.Humoral regulation is the most important of catecholamine hormone (e.g., epinephrine and norepinephrine).

.1. 加入去甲肾上腺素后，观察到平均动脉压抬高，心率减慢。这是因为：去甲肾上腺素主要与α受体结合，也可与心肌β1受体结合，但与血管平滑肌的β2受体结合的能力较弱。通过α受体的激动，可引起血管极度收缩，使血压升高，冠状动脉血流增加；通过β受体的激动，使心肌收缩加强，心排出量增加。总的来说其作用是使外周大多数血管收缩，外周阻力明显增大，动脉血压明显升高。同时，去甲肾上腺素可作用于心肌β1受体而使心跳加快加强，但在整体内由于它使动脉血压明显升高，通过降压反射增强而引起心率减慢。 use: norepinephrine

Main and alpha receptors, can also be combined with myocardial beta 1 receptor, but the ability to combine the beta 2 receptor and vascular smooth muscle.Excited by alpha receptors, can cause vascular contraction, blood pressure, coronary blood flow increased;Excited by beta receptors, to reinforce the myocardial contraction and cardiac output increase.Overall its role is to make the most peripheral vasoconstriction, peripheral resistance increases obviously, arterial blood pressure increased significantly.At the same time, can be applied to norepinephrine myocardial beta 1 receptor and make the heart beat faster to strengthen,

but within the overall because it makes the arterial blood pressure increased significantly, caused by depressor reflex slow heart beat.

3.2. 加入乙酰胆碱后，观察到心率变慢，平均动脉压下降。这是因为：外源乙酰胆碱作用于血管内皮细胞膜上的M受体，引起血管的舒张。Ach能使cAMP浓度降低，心率减慢，心房收缩力减弱，传导性减弱。心率变慢则流向外周的血量变多，舒张压更低。心房收缩力减弱则收缩压也有下降。平均动脉压降低。但是因为血回心时间变长，因此，回心血量较多，脉压增加。而大多数血管没有Ach受体，Ach 对外周阻力影响不大。

On the vascular endothelial cell membrane of M receptor, causing vascular relaxation.Ach can lower the concentration cAMP, the heart rate slows, atrial contraction force is abate, the conductivity decreased.Heart rate slow moving peripheral blood more, diastolic pressure is lower.Atrial contraction force decreased systolic blood pressure has dropped.Mean arterial pressure decreased.But because blood change time, therefore, the change of blood is more, increased pulse pressure.While most of the blood vessels without Ach receptors, Ach foreign weeks impact resistance.