高中英语阅读技巧经典课件

（2）主题句在段首
一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证 性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格 式。
Sample 3
Tigers are found in many Asian countries．In the forest and grasslands，a tiger is hard to see．A tiger's golden coloured coat with its dark stripes is not easily seen for its hair is the same colour as the blades of yellowish grass and patches of deep shadow． This camouflage（伪装）is very important because tigers are hunters．If other animals could see a tiger coming，they would quickly run away． The tiger has very strong，sharp teeth which are used for seizing and eating the animals it catches． The best title for this passage is ______ ． A．Tigers and Other Small Animals B. Something about Tigers C．Tigers' Camouflage D．How Tigers Live
60. The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City_______.
A. to visit a friend B. to see his parents C. to pay or the cash register D. to have more gas for his car
sample
4
Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.（2Min） The main idea of this paragraph is that ______. detail A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for four years, moved to another university. detail B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College. C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university. detail D. Tom received an excellent education.
（2）主题句出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据,
层层推 理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。本段的中 心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。
应试技巧 如何寻找主题句
Sample 2 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven‘t eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti意大利式面条, eggplant, and fresh fruit. Others could live on what were called fast--foods: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink.
阅读理解命题特点：
命 题 类
主 旨 大 意 型 事 实 细 节 型 词 义 猜 测 型 推 理 判 断 型 观点态度 型
一:主旨大意题
主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:
Main Idea/Best Title
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 6)What’s the best title for this passage?
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275
三：词义猜测型
词句理解题
要求正确理解短文中一些关健词、短语或
句子的含义。常用的手段是利用多种表达法、词的多义性、同近义 语替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换等。
解题方法
1透彻理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或
句子，根据特定的语境判断理解，推敲斟酌，最后确定含义。
事 实 细 节 型
提问方式灵活多样，涉及文章当中的各 种细节，如时间，地点，原因，方式等。
大体可分为直接理解题和语义转换题，
所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中 找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。
细节理解应注意的问题：
1）首先要从问题中找出关键词，运用略读的技巧在文中查找这 一细节，并仔细阅读，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的区别。 2） 此类题更多地倾向于将题目中的信息与原文有关细节信息进行语 义上的转换，在转换过程中，做题时易犯的错误是未注意到转换的 准确性，常常将细节信息中的范围、程度、语义色彩等改变，从而 导致错误。
Passage2
The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1℃. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows…… Q1) ____ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
高考英语阅读理解
解题技巧
考纲要求：
阅读理解是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考 试的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读 理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的加 工能力。 阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度和 理解力的正确率。
因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。多 分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的放矢， 提高命中率。
Sample 1
Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.
二：事实细节型
在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特 定细节问题百度文库有以下几种命题方式：
• 1. According to the passage, which of the following is true/ not true? • 2. According to the passage, which of the following is not mentioned ? • 3. All of the following are true EXCEPT _____. • 4. In the passage the writer states that ______. • 5. Choose the best order. • 6.According to the passage, who/what/ which/when/where/why /how ... ? • Skills: • 1.use scanning to find out the answer directly • 2.get rid of the wrong ones
• Sometimes you have to put several key
sentences together to get the main idea • Sometimes you can’t find the topic sentence in the passage. You have to sum it up yourself.
Passage1
Many years ago, when I was fresh out of school and working in Denver, I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas. I stopped at a gas station (加油站) about 50 miles from Oklahoma City, where I was planning to stop and visit a friend. While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台), I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas.
How to find the main idea of a passage
• Sometimes the first sentence of a passage is
the topic sentence
• Sometimes the last sentence is the topic sentence • Sometimes the topic sentence is in the middle of a passage