美国论文：美国非法移民问题研究

美国论文：美国非法移民问题研究

【中文摘要】美国非法移民出现于“限制和选择移民时期”,美国与移出国之间经济发展不平衡是非法移民产生的主要原因。经过长期的历史发展,美国非法移民逐渐的形成移民潮。今天,非法移民己成为美国非传统安全的重要因素,引起了美国社会的关注。1986年法案对非法移民实行“大赦”政策,致使非法移民人数急剧上升。其中,

墨西哥人是美国非法移民潮最主要的源头。尽管非法移民对美国的发展做出了一定的贡献,但非法移民的负面作用却日益显著。出于国家利益的考虑,美国对以墨西哥籍为主的非法移民进行了全面的治理。1996年移民法加大了惩治非法移民的力度,但非法移民特别是墨西哥籍非法移民仍然屡禁不止。“9·11”恐怖袭击事件后,出于反恐的需要,非法移民问题上升到了国家安全层面。小布什和奥巴马都对非法移民采取措施进行治理,但效果不太明显。治理墨西哥籍非法移民,

美墨之间采取了加强合作,共同打击,取得了一定的成效,却未彻底解决非法移民问题。全文有四部分组成:绪论、正文、结论和参考文献。正文分四个部分。第一部分辨析美国非法移民的概念和特征,并从不同历史阶段的非法移民潮为视角,对非法移民的产生做了详细的探究。第二部分通过透析美国非法移民产生的诸多原因,展现了以墨西哥籍为主的非法移民对美国的影响。第三部分论述了美国治理非法移民的措施,其中1986年《移民改革与控制法》和《1996年非法移民改革及移民责任法》两个法案最具代表性。并分析了“9·11”事件

后,小布什和奥巴马治理非法移民的措施及其效应。第四部分阐述了

新时期非法移民治理的困境,呈现了非法移民治理的其中一条出路即

美墨合作。由于美国非法移民产生的因素仍然存在,非法移民只有可

能受到暂时抑制。今后,随着美国经济的发展和政策的变化,非法移民问题将会随波逐流,仍将是今后美国社会的主要议题之一,也是美国

现政府所要解决的难题之一。

【英文摘要】The U.S. illegal migrants appeared in the “period of limitations and choose to emigrate,”the imbalance in economic development between the United States and their hometown, is the main reasons for production of illegal migrant. After a long historical development, the U.S. illegal migrants have gradually become immigration. Illegal immigrants oneself becoming one of the important factors of U.S. non-traditional security, has aroused the American widespread concern in the American society. Illegal migrants were given”amnesty”policy from the Act in 1986, so was caused of the illegal migrant population to increase quickly. Among them, the Mexican is the most main source of illegal immigration.Although the illegal migrant has made certain contribution to American development, the negative effects of illegal immigration actually is increasingly significant. For reasons of national interest, the united States have taken some measures comprehensively to

illegal migrant of which the Mexican is primary. Immigration Act of 1996 has increased intensity of the punishment to illegal migrant, but illegal migrants, especially Mexican illegal migrants are still long-standing. After“9·11”terrorist attack, the issue of illegal migrants rose to national security level for need of counter terrorism, Bush and Obama have taken the measures to control illegal immigration, but it actually has little effect. The controlling of Mexican illegal immigrants, the U.S. and Mexico have taken to strengthen cooperation, attacked together, and has made certain success, but they don’t thoroughly solve the issue of illegal migrants.Full-text is made up of four parts: namely the introduction, the body, the conclusion and references.The body is divided four parts. To discriminate the concept and the characteristic of the illegal migrant in the first part, in view of illegal immigration from different historical stages, the production of illegal migrant has been made a detailed inquisition. In the second part, by dialyzing a number of reasons which have produced the U.S. illegal immigration, it is showed that illegal migrant of which the Mexican is primary have made the influence to the United States. The third part discusses the measures of the United States controlling illegal immigration and there are two