仁爱版英语七年级上册语法 总结
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七年级语法总结
1、目前所学的动词的形式有4 种:
①动词原形;如:do;have;like
②动词的单三式(常在动词原形后加s);如:get-gets
③动词不定式(to+动词原形);如:meet-to meet
④动词ing式(动词原形后加ing)如:look-looking
2、表示征求意见或建议邀请的礼貌用语
Would you like +to+动词原形? (你想要……吗?)
How about+动词ing ?(……怎么样?……好不好?)
What about +动词ing? (……怎么样?……好不好?)
Why not +动词原形? (为什么不……呢?)
Why don’t you +动词原形?(你为什么不……呢?)
Let’s +动词原形.(让我们……吧。)
表示同意、答应:①Yes,I’d like to./Oh,I’d love to.
②All right/OK.③Great!④Sure.⑤Good idea!⑥Thanks.I’ll be glad to ⑦Thanks.That would be very nice.⑧I’d like that.
表示不同意、拒绝:①No,thanks.②Sorry,I can’t.
③I’d like to.But I’m afraid I can’t/I have no time.
3、目前学过的情态动词有can, may,could,would和will等五个。
学好情态动词必须把握三个用法:
①后必须跟动词原形;
②没有三单式(其后不能加s);
③可以把情态动词提到句首构成疑问句;
可以在情态动词后面加上not构成否定句。
4、目前学过的后跟动词不定式(to+动词原形)的有:
①would like to+动词原形(想要做某事);
want to+动词原形(想要做某事);
②forget to+动词原形(忘记要做某事);
③like to +动词原形(喜欢做某事);
love to +动词原形(喜欢做某事)
④ask sb. to +动词原形.(请/叫某人做某事)
tell sb. to +动词原形.(告诉/叫某人做某事)
would like sb. to +动词原形.(想叫某人做某事)
want sb. to +动词原形.(想叫某人做某事)
⑤have to +动词原形(必须/不得不做某事)
⑥Nice/Glad/happy to +动词原形(很高兴做某事)
如:Nice to meet you.
I’m glad to be here.
5、目前学过的后跟动词原形的有:
①情态动词:can,may,could,would,will后;
②助动词do,don’t,does,doesn’t后(does,doesn’t一出现,三单式要滚蛋);
③动词please(请)后:如:Please tell him about the picnic.
④短语Why not…/Why don’t you…后;
⑤动词let 后;如:Let Jane help you. Let’s go home.
⑥动词help后,也可带to;如:Let’s help Maria (to) carry water.
⑦祈使句以动词原形开头,如:Have a seat , please.请坐下。
6、目前学过的后跟动词ing的有:
①Be动词后的动词;如:Are you kidding? I’m just looking.
This is Michael speaking.
②所有的介词后;已学过的介词
有:at,for,about,in,on,from,of,to,with,after等。
如:What about +动词ing? —Whatabout flying a kite with me ?
How about +动词ing? —How about going fishing this Sunday?
It’s time for going home=It’s time to go home.
Thank you for helping me=Thank you for your help..
③go +动词ing——go fishing去钓鱼; go shopping去购物
④do some shopping购物
⑤like/love +动词ing (喜欢做某事)
7、有单复数变化的词
①名词
(1) 名词单数变复数的方法
1)大部分在词尾加s.如:dog---dogs
2)以-s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的加es. 如:
class---classes bus---buses glass---glasses
box---boxes watch---watches(手表)
fish---fishes
3)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的,变y为i,加es.
baby---babies(婴儿) family---families(家庭)
study---studies(书房) fly---flies(蝇子)
注意:boy ---boys play---plays toy---toys
way---ways monkey---monkeys
4)以 f, fe结尾的,变f, fe为v,加es.
half---halves(一半) knife---knives(小刀)
yourself(你自己)---yourselves(你们自己)
(2) 特殊变化的词
1) a 变e: man—men(男子) woman—women(女子)
snowman---snowmen(雪人)
Englishman--- Englishmen(英国人)
Englishwoman---Englishwomen(英国妇女)
2) o变e:foot---feet(脚) tooth---teeth(牙齿)
3) 单复数同形:Chinese---Chinese(中国人) fish---fish(鱼)
yuan---yuan(人民币元)
4) mouse—mice (老鼠) child—children(儿童)
5)合成词中一般变后面的词:apple tree---apple trees(苹果树)
但下列需前后都变:man teacher---men teachers(男教师)
woman doctor---women doctors(女医生)
6)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:people(人
们) police(警察们)本身就是复数,family指“全家人”时,本身也是复数,它们都不能加s. 如:The Chinese people are very kind.中国人民都很友好。
Kangkang’s family are all tall and thin.康康全家人都又高又瘦。
②be动词:单数am, is;复数are
③行为动词:复数:动词原形
单数:在行为动词后加s或es(即动词的三单式)。如:
Maria likes milk.(likes是三单式,为单数)
Maria and Jane like milk.(like是动词原形,为复数)
④指示代词单数:this这个 that那个