桂妙妙——新四级段落翻译题型辅导

• In the Song Dynasty, there was a man who worried about his crops growing two slowly. So he went to the field and pulled the crops up. After a day, he was very tired, and came back home and told his family members that : “I‟m very tired, I helped the crops grow.” After his son heard this he went to the field to look and the crops are dead.
• 打破砂锅——问（纹）到底
• breaking an earthenware pot ----(lit)-cracked to the bottom； • (pun) interrogate thoroughly； • to get to the bottom of a matter
• 望子成龙 • to hope one‟s child will become somebody in the future； • to hope one‟s child will have a bright future; • to hold high hopes for one‟s child
四 将汉语双重否定译成英语双重否定 如果你的学习方法对头，那么在短时间内掌 握一门外语并不是不可能。 It is not impossible to master a foreign language within a short period if you have a good study method. 开始学英语时，讲英语不可能不犯错误。 At the beginning of learning English, you can't speak it without making mistakes.
• 不到长城非好汉。 • He who fails to reach the Great Wall is not a true hero； not stop until one‟s aim is obtained
Modern Chinese
• 宋国有个人担忧他的禾苗不长高，就拔 高了禾苗，一天下来十分疲劳，回到家 对他的家人说：“今天可把我累坏了， 我帮助禾苗长高了！”他儿子听说后急 忙到地里去看苗，然而苗都枯萎了。
• 评价：忠实、通顺但是不够“雅”，主要是不
译文3
• In the Kingdom of Song in ancient China, there was a man who was worried that his crops were not growing, so he set out pulling up the crops a little bit. After a day‟s hard work, he came back home exhausted. He then told his family: “I‟m worn out today, but I have helped our crops grow.” Hearing this, his son went to the field to check things out, only to find a field of withered crops.
汤姆在这次期末考试中未及格。 Tom failed in the final examination. 玛丽不愿意去很远的地方工作。 Mary is reluctant to work in the far place. 他无可指责。 He is above blame. 我们不能让孩子们去河里游泳。 We must keep the kids from swimming in the river. 这尊雕像在经历大地震后竟毫发未损，仍然矗立。 The statue survived the great earthquake, remained intact and was still standing there.
关于中国食品名音译
• 1). 具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统 食品，本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的 原则，使用汉语拼音。 • 如：饺子 Jiaozi • 包子 Baozi • 馒头 Mantou • 花卷 Huajuan • 烧麦 Shaomai
• 2). 具有中国特色且已被国外主要英文字典 收录的，使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的 菜名，仍保留其 • 原拼写方式。 • 如：豆腐 Tofu • 宫保鸡丁 Kung Pao Chicken • 馄饨 Wonton
四级新题型段落翻 译
交大讲师： 桂妙妙 March. 2014
2013年12月新题型 大学英语四级考试
•翻译题 型
新改革后翻译题型:段落 翻译（汉译英
测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的 能力。 分值比例：15% 考试时间：30分钟。 内容：中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展 长度：140-160个汉字；
新四级翻译题考什么？ 我哪知道。
• 词汇？语法？惯用法？
一、翻译的评价标准：
• • 大纲： 忠实、通顺 高境界：信、达、雅
Example
中国的地道土著语：
八仙过海，各显神通。 • The Eight Immortals crossing the sea-----each shows his/her special prowess (in the legend, they were described as fairies with different magic arts)； • Like the Eight Immortals soaring the ocean, each of you should show your true worth.
•
不看秦始皇兵马俑，不算真正到过中 国。 a. A traveler who has not seen the Qin Dynasty terra cotta figures cannot claim to have visited China. b. No one who has not seen the Qin Dynasty terra cotta figures can claim to have visited China.
• Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are a llowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should wr ite your
• 3). 中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料
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的，使用汉语拼音，并在后标注英文注释。 如： 佛跳墙 Fotiaoqiang ( Steamed Abalone with Shark's Fin and Fish Maw in Broth ) 锅贴 Guotie ( Pan-Fried Dumplings ) 窝头 Wotou ( Steamed Corn/Black Rice Bun )
• 评价：基本做到了“信、达、雅”，译பைடு நூலகம்文较好。
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1. 注意用词准确，不要有拼写、搭配、 词形、丢词、添词等问题， eg. Out of the question 和out of question 意思是不一样的。 而 call sb names 和 call sb‟s name 是两 个概念。
译文1
• 评价： 不信、不达、更不雅。 – In the Song Dynasty 是误译，是宋国 – two slowly. Too 拼写错误 – After a day, 是误译，应该是 a whole day‟s work – told his family members that : “I‟m …” that 是 引导从句的，直接引用前不用that – I‟m very tired, I helped the crops grow 分居中 应有连词衔接, help应该用完成体。 – the crops are dead 不够忠实，应该是withered
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统 民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多年 的历史，在明朝和清朝时期 （the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。 人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别是在春节和 婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门窗和房间，以增 加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象 征健康和兴旺。中国剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎， 经常被用作馈赠外国友人的礼物。
三 以否定形式译之 我认为他不够格。 I don‟t think he is qualified. 我们任何时候都没有被困难吓倒过。 Never have we been daunted by the difficulties. 我对他的情况一无所知。 I don‟t know anything about him.
二、用词
• 可以说a fire breaks out 但不可以说 a fire breaks up。 • 可以用 an hour, 不要用 a hour； • 可以用a piece of advice 不要用 an advice； • 可以用 listen to the music 不可以把to 丢掉。
译文2
• In the Kingdom of Song in ancient China, there was a man who was worried about his crops growing too slowly. So he went to the field and pulled the crops up. After a day‟s work, he was very tired, and came back home and told his family: “I‟m very tired, because I have helped the crops grow.” After his son heard this, he went to the field to look and found the crops have withered.
五 以肯定形式译之：英译时借助含有否定意 义的词来传译 汉语里的否定意义译成英语中的肯定词语有： free from/of, safe from, ignorant of, independent of, devoid of, foreign to, blind to, different from, less than, dead to, impatient of, deficient in, alien to等 等。
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2. 注意英汉语词义的差异： 红糖（brown sugar）、 红茶（black tea）、 white meat: 鸡胸脯肉、 Adam‟s apple
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瘦肉 lean meat 酸奶 yogurt 饭酸了 The food is sour.
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3. 注意词语空缺的现象，如一些文化特色 词，eg. 节日、习俗、景点等 译法： A. 音译或音译+注/意译：气功：Qigong 功 夫： kung fu 太极：Taichi 风水： Fengshui Cartoon: 卡通片 Wall Street: 华尔街 清明：Qingming Day(Tomb-Sweeping day)