四级考试翻译原则和基本方法

l 翻译的原则

翻译界长期信奉的原则是“信”、“达”、“雅”三原则，但在四级考试中，对汉语没有很高的要求，所

以我们只要做到“信”和“达”就可以了。当然，要做到这两点的根本是理解。

1. 理解第一原则

很多的“名师”很重视英译汉的技巧，以至于很多趋骛的考生过分侧重对翻译技巧的训练，而忽略

了翻译实际上是英文理解和英汉转换两个方面完美结合的过程。而从以往四级英语考试的翻译试题来看，往往要求翻译的句子正是阅读短文中的难句、长句，评分的原则也是“对译文的要求是“正确”和“表达清楚”，对汉语不作过高要求”。如果拿着翻译题就一味想着把英文往中文里套，却没有意识到自己

对原文的理解实际上就有偏差，这就很难得到理想的分数了。

因此，拿到翻译题之后，第一重要的是先确定原句的意思。如果句子较长，可以先找主、谓、宾、定、状、补，分析清楚句子结构，然后再理解。切忌逐字翻译。

从四级考试选择翻译句子的特点上来说，有点象是针对大学英语精读课文中的重点难点句子的解

析和翻译这一环节的测试。因此大家在平常英语课学习时，要注意积极参与课堂的句子解析活动，多

分析复杂长句的结构。这样，到考试时驾轻就熟，就很容易得分。

为了便于大家复习，下面总结了一些在大学英语精读课文中出现的长句，大家可以自己分析理解

一下。然后，译为中文。

1. Taboo is a word from the language of the Fiji Islands that is used to describe something that

is forbidden

“禁忌”一词来自斐济群岛的语言，用来描述受到禁止的事。

“that is used to describe something that is forbidden” modifies “a word”.

2. Career planning includes gathering information about ourselves and about occupations, estimating the probable outcomes of various courses of action, and finally , choosing alternatives

that we find attractive and feasible.

择业规划包括备齐有关我们以及职业的信息资料，估计各种行动过程中可能出现的结果，最后作出我们认为有吸引力并且可行的选择。

3.Of course, complacency is appropriate for any decision in which nothing much is at stake, but

that does not describe career decisions

当然，对于那些不是厉害攸关的决策自满是可以的，但涉及职业方面的决策就不行了。

4.Society no longer attaches the stigma of “instability” to the idea of career hopping, as it once did.

社会已不再像过去那样把跳槽看作是“不安分”的事了。

5.The British Automobile Association, which is concerned with road safety, commissioned research into the relationship between serious accidents and music.

英国汽车协会关注道路安全，它委托进行了一次关于严重车祸与音乐关系的研究。

6. As well as the type of the music affecting road safety, the very fact that we have high-tech

music systems built into our car also causes accidents.

和影响交通安全的某种音乐一样，我们给车里安装高科技的音响系统这个事实本身也是引起车祸

的原因。

7. The distant sound of low voices, broken now and again by singing, reached Okonkwo from his

wives’ huts as each woman and her children told folk stories.

从小木屋里远远传来的低声细语，时不时地被歌声打断，奥康瓦听到了，这是他的妻子们同各自

的孩子在讲民间故事。

8. None of the birds had heard of this custom but they knew that Tortoise, in spite of his failings

in other areas, was a widely traveled man who knew the customs of different peoples.

鸟儿们谁也没听说过这个习俗，但他们知道，尽管乌龟在其他方面有很多缺点，他却到过很多地

方，知晓不同民族的风俗习惯。in spite of 引导让步状语

9.Even top corporate managers, who have mostly affected styles of leadership that can be characterized as tough, cold and aloof, have begun to learn the lesson, and earn the benefits, of