专八改错

【练习1】

Humankind’s future safety and longevity of life on Earth largely depend on the environment which we live. Keeping the air we __1

breathe free of pollution is a major priority towards making this earth a safe place. Other areas of concern are water, land, the ozone layer, and the preservation of flora and fauna of the planet. Every country has ecological issues to deal. In South America, __2

the rain forests are rapidly disappearing as people burn and cut down trees to make for farmland. Many Middle-Eastern and Asian countries __3

have a battle to fight with air, water, and land pollution. Lakes and swamps are spread with debris. __4

Mass chemical spraying is used to kill pests on trees and plants. Abundant __5

use of water in countries as China has caused major water shortage. __6

Rivers become polluted by factories and the populations that live on their banks. Global warming is considered a major factor caused __7

the droughts in eastern China, the Sudan, Ethiopia, and northern Kenya.

The reduction of the ozone layer is blamed for the global warming trends in variant countries of this globe, and the spread of disease like skin __8

cancer. Societies at large need to pay attention to the existing problems in order to get of the imminent danger of famine, drought and diseases __9

that rise from the damage that pollution causes. __10

【答案】

1. ^which－in 此处的介词其实是和live连用的，live in the environment.

2. deal^－with, deal with是固定搭配，意思是“解决，处理”。

3. make^－way, 根据上下文可以断定此处文章要说的是“人们烧，伐树木为的是给开垦农田让路”。make way for something是“给……让路”，符合此处需要的意思。

4. spread－polluted/littered。这里的关键是要知道debris的意思是“碎片，残骸等”，所以根据上下文这里的意思是“湖泊和湿地被一些碎片残骸所污染或弄得凌乱不堪”才符合逻辑。

5. ^Abundan－the 此处不是泛指，而是特指，所以要有定冠词。

6. as－like 此处是拿中国举例，所以要用介词like“像……一样”。

7. cause－causing 此处定于分句是主动的意义。

8. variant改为various variant是“变体的，变种的”，而various表示“不同的”，符合此处意思。

9. get^of－rid 固定搭配get rid of 是“摆脱”的意思。

10. rise－arise

【练习2】

You stare at waterfall for a minute or two, then shift your gaze to its surrounding. What you now see appears to drift upward. You __1

are board a train in a busy station when suddenly another train next __2

to your starts moving forward. __3

For a fraction of a second you feel that your train has lurched backward. These optical illusions occur because the brain is constantly matching its model of reality to signals from the body’s

sensors and interpret what must be happening –that your train __4

might have moved, not the other; that downward motion is now __5

normal, so a change from it must be perceived as upward motion. The sensors that make this magic are two kinds. __6

Each eye contains about 120 million rods, which provide somewhat blurry black and white vision. These are the windows of night vision; once adapted to the dark, they can detect a candle burnt __7

ten miles away. Colorful vision in each eye comes from six to seven __8

million structures called cones. Under ideal conditions, every cone can “see”the entire rainbow spectrum of visible colors, but one type of cone is most sensitive to red, another to green, the third to __9

blue. By monitoring how many wavelength of light affects the different cones, a connected ganglion cell can determine its “color”and relay that data brain work. Rods and cones send their messages pulsing an __10

average 20 to 25 times per second along the optic nerve.

【答案】

1. surrounding－surroundings. Surroundings作为名词总是以复数形式出现，surrounding是形容词。

2. board－aboard^board－on. Be abroad a train（a ship, a plane…）意思是“在火车（船、飞机）上”。board 是名词，可以说be on board.

3. you－yours. 物主限定词your不能作介词的宾语，应该用物主代词yours。

4. interpret－interpreting. Interpret 通过and 和matching并列，所以也应该是进行时。

5. might－must 根据上下文，这里必须用表达非常肯定的语气must，而不是不肯定的“might”，而且，后面的not the other也强调了非此即彼的肯定性。

6. are^－of 加上介词of作主语补足语表示对主语的某一种性质的描述。

7. burnt－burning 如果用过去分词burnt修饰candle，那么是说“十英里之外燃尽的蜡烛”，那是不可能用肉眼看到的，所以应该改成burning，表示“在燃烧的蜡烛”。

8. Colorful－Color. Colorful是指所修饰的事物本身具有明亮的或者不同的颜色，而color作定语是指修饰的事物使别的事物的各种颜色能够展现出来，而不是仅仅看到黑白两色，比如：color television，color photo，color picture等。

9. the－a. The third 表示顺序排列，和the first，the second 对应，“a third”表示数量上的增加，和one，another相对应。that－those. data这个词是datum的复数形式，所以应该用those 修饰。

【练习3】

Act natural! Don’t be nervous! Well, that’s easier said than done when you’re standing in front of a group of people and delivering what, at that point in time, feels like the most important public appearance you’ve ever made. Have you dresse d right? Is your hair __1

all in place? Can you see you sweating? __2

Have you heard Winston Churchill? What about Dr. Martin Luther __3

King Jr. and Abraham Lincoln? What do all these people have in common? They are famous people who made famous speeches. John F. Kennedy, in his presidential inaugural address said: