初中英语的动词五种时态

初中英语的动词五种时态

1. 一般现时的用法：主要由动词原形表示，但在第三人称单数时要在词尾加-s 。否定句和疑问句要用助动词do, does.时态常用的时间副词every( year, other day , two days, week, month…) ,often ,always , usually ,sometimes, in the morning, in summer, on Sunday

A. 经常性或习惯性的动作。如The trees get green in spring . 。

B现在特征或状态。如The Changjiang River is the longest in our country.

He doesn` t work in the factory.

C.普遍真理。如The sun rises in the east . Five and two in seven.

2现在进行时：现在进行时是由助动词be 的人称形式加现在分词构成。主要表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。时态常用的时间副词now, Look, Listen. 如：

Where are they swimming? They are swimming in the river.

有些动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。这些动词是：go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep, stay, play, do, have , wear…..

She is coming to see me tomorrow.

3．一般将来时：主要表示将要发生的动作或情况。由助动词shall 或will加动词原形构成。/ be going to 加动词原形构成. 时态常用的时间副词tomorrow, next month, in two days

It won’t rain tonight. I shall meet you at the station.

He is going to have a swim tomorrow.

4.一般过去时：由动词的过去式表示。表示在过去某个时刻发生的动作或情况。包括过去习惯性动作。时态常用的时间副词last week, just now, yesterday, yesterday morning ,the day before yesterday, then,at that moment,(a few days) ago如；Did you knock at the door just now? / He finished reading the book yesterday.

5.现在完成时：由have的人称形式加过去分词构成。时态常用的时间副词since ,for（one year….）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years, …before. so fa r

A 到现在为止已经完成的动作。如：

I have lent my book to Ann. 我把书借给了安。

He has never seen a real tiger. 他从来没有见过真老虎。

B、从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。如：

She has lived here since 1991. 从一九九一年起她就住在这里。

被动语态：被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。Be 有人称，数量和时态变化。

一般现在时：be (is am are) +及物动词的过去分词

一般过去时：be (was were)+ 及物动词的过去分词

情态动词的过去分词：情态动词+be +及物动词的过去分词