语法专题突破(十) v.-ed 形式

解析：此题考查非谓语动词。句意：我打电话是询问关 于中国日报上昨天所刊登的广告上的职位一事。 advertise与position是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词 表被动，此处是过去分词短语作后置定语，选A。B项虽 表被动，但它表示将来发生的动作，不合题意。 答案：A
2.(2009•北京高考)
twice，the postman refused to
A Fool's Letter
Mr.Henry Beecher entered Plymouth Church one
Sunday and found several letters awaiting him.He opened one and found it contained the single word “Fool”．Quietly and with becoming seriousness he announced to the congregation(教堂会众)the fact in these words，“I have
2．have 和get 两个动词后跟v.ed形式作宾语补足语往 往表示动作由别人完成，有时这个动作可能由主语 完成。 I must go to town to have/get my computer repaired.
我得进城找人修理我的电脑。(找人修理)
I am going to have/get all the letters mailed.
3.(2009•四川高考)Ladies and gentlemen，please remain until the plane has come to a complete stop. A.seated C.to seat B.seating D.seat
解析：考查非谓语动词。remain seated 坐好，坐着不动； seated既是过去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表 语。 答案：A
大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA 明星感兴趣。
(2010· 全国卷Ⅰ)Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library. A．to borrow B．to be borrowed
C．borrowed
D．borrowing
答案：A
v．ed形式作表语表示主语的某种状态或性质。
The shop has remained shut for a week. 这家商店关门一周了。 I am satisfied with what he has said. 我对他说的话感到满意。
可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有delighted， disappointed，upset，astonished，excited，frightened， experienced，interested，qualified，puzzled，exhausted， satisfied 等。 Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.
(2011•安徽凤阳模拟) Please remain while the performance is in progress. A.seated C.to seat B.seating D.seat
解析：考查过去分词。句意：节目演出期间请不要随意 走动。remain seated“坐好，坐着不动”；seated既是过 去分词，又具有形容词的特征，在句中作表语。
我要把所有信件都寄出。(自己寄或找人寄)
[高考在线]
1．(2010· 北京高考)I'm calling to enquire about the position
________ in yesterday's China Daily. A．advertised C．advertising B．to be advertised D．having advertised
满地都是落叶。
[注意] 有些单个的v.ed形式既可作前置定语也可作后置 定语，但多数情况下，这两种形式意义有区别。
We've collected a large quantity of used books.
我们收集了大量的旧书。 You should put all the books used at hand and the others in order on the shelf. 你应当把所有用的着的书放在手边，其他的按顺序放在书
由于伤得严重，只好把他送往医院。(原因)
Though warned of the danger，he still went skating on the thin ice. 尽管被警告有危险，但他仍然在薄冰上滑冰。(让步) Given more time，I can do it better.
多给点时间，我能做得更好。(条件)
known many an instance of a man writing a letter and
forgetting to sign his name，but this is the only instance I have ever known of a man signing his name and forgetting to write the letter.”
模拟预测
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解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特老师向她的学生展 示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。maps与borrow为动 宾关系，因此空白处应用过去分词作后置定语，故答案 为C。 答案：C
1．单个的v.ed形式作定语时多数前置。及物动词的v.ed形 式表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的v.ed形式仅表示 完成意义。 The lost time can never be found again. 失去的时间永远也找不回来。 The ground is covered with fallen leaves.
4.(2009•北京高考)For breakfast he only drinks juice from
fresh fruit
A.grown
on his own farm.
B.being grown
C.to be grown
D.to grow
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他早餐只喝由自家农场 种植的新鲜水果制成的果汁。grown on his own farm是 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰fruit，表示被动和完成。 其他三项都不符合题意。 答案：A
success.) 他们的朋友们举行的音乐会很成功。
The meeting，attended by over five thousand people，welcomed the great hero.(＝The meeting which was attended by over five
thousand people，welcomed the great hero.)
The professor came into the classroom，followed by some students. 教授走进了教室，后面跟着一些学生。(伴随)
2．根据需要，v.ed形式前面也可加上when，until，once， though/although，unless，even if/even though 等连词； 但as 后面不能跟v.ed形式。在before，after，without 等 词后须用being done (此时before，after与without 一样均 为介词)。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：从塔顶上眺望，南边的 山脚是一大片树的海洋。因非谓语动词与句子的主语是 动宾关系，故用过去分词，选A。间、原因、让步、条件、伴 随等。 Lost in the forest，you should first of all remain where you are，waiting for help to come. 在森林里迷路时，你首先应该呆在原地等待帮助。(时间) Seriously injured，he had to be taken to hospital.
deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A.Being bitten C.Having bitten B.Bitten D.To be bitten
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被咬了两次，邮递 员拒绝给我们送信，除非我们把狗拴起来。前半句是过 去分词短语作状语，bite与the postman之间是动宾关系。 假如选择C项，中间要加上been。 答案：B
3．v.ed形式作状语时其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一 致。 Generally speaking，when taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effect.
一般来说，当按照说明服用时，这种药没有副作用。
[注意] 如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，句 子的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的 过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。 The test finished(＝When the test was finished)，we began our holiday.
架上。
2．v.ed形式短语用作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之 后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但比从句简洁，多用于书面 语中。 The concert given by their friends was a great success. (＝The concert which was given by their friends was a great
构，表示“使某事被做”。句意：Alexander试图使他的
工作被医学界认可。his work与recognize为逻辑上的动
宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。
答案：D
1．v.ed形式可作宾语补足语也可作主语补足语。 He spoke loudly so that he could make himself heard. 他讲话声音很大，这样大家都可以听到。 Almost no student is seen punished in this school. 在这所学校几乎见不到学生受处罚。
有五千多人参加了这个欢迎伟大英雄的大会。
(2010· 陕西高考)________ from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A．Seen C．Having seen B．Seeing D．To see
考试结束了，我们开始放假。
(2010· 辽宁高考)Alexander tried to get his work ________ in the medical circles. A．to recognize C．recognize B．recognizing D．recognized
解析：考查非谓语动词。题干中含有“get sth. done”结