英语口译技巧之笔记法.

• 笔记法不是速记
• 口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、 数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、 上下、正反、升降、因果关系等)。
• 切忌整句整段的记录源语信息。其次，脑 记时要重点关注段落句子的整体信息，顺 带注意一些没有用笔记下来的细节。
• “powerful country”强：□ • “我同意”：I√
• Examples
• 1: Canada and the United States have a very similar culture because
they share a similar history. Both countries were settled by people from Europe who came to North
Guidelines for Note-Taking
• 2. Use whatever language that comes to your mind
• Target language (less transcoding, more demanding )
• Source Language (less strain during processing) • the combination of TL and SL
口译技巧之笔记法
Mina
Outline
笔记法概述 笔记法原则 笔记法方法和技巧 实战训练
Warming-up Exercises
•大学城占地306公顷，其中 240公顷用于教室等各类教 学设施，其它用于寝室、食 堂和商店。整座大学城的建 设将耗资25亿人民币。
The sentences could be noted as follows:
Guidelines for NoteTaking
6. Take notes vertically. T型/P型
break up the sentence into sense units
Guidelines for Note-Taking
Tip:
Notes are essentially individual in character. Try to develop your own personalized notetaking methods.
•improve concentration • facilitate analysis of the speech
•activate memory • improve the accuracy of reproduction.
•
Note –taking
• It is accepted that notes are helpful to the interpretation, but its help is only secondary. In fact, the whole message depends largely on memory rather than notes.
• “观点，看法一致”：⊙ same • “economic development”经：↑
The importance of taking notes in interpreting
•short-term memory alone not enough to retain the amount of information in the act of interpreting.
以快为准 我们 vs we 中华人民共和国 vs P.R.C. 女士们，先生们 vs L.G. This morning vs. 今早
Note-taking
记什么——记关键词，分析，归纳
主语 动词 主要宾语 人名 地名 数字
Example
92.8
上
I
京
广
辽
四化 好
Note-taking
缩写与符号——熟练掌握日常通用缩写和
America looking for a new life. Canadians and Americans both developed an individual oriented culture because this was needed to
survive in a huge new land.
• It is a necessary evil!
Note –taking
Tip:
• Keep a dynamic balance between memory and notes and try to be less dependent on your notes.
Note-taking
用何种文字记录
国与国 □/□ 原因 ←
口译记录(Note-taking)
正确格式
— — ————————————— — — ————／—————————
／
— — ————／——————
——————————————— ——————／—————————
／
——————／——————
记录格式
错误格 式
—————————— —————————— —————————— —————————— ————————————
• College Town 306 公顷
•
•
240
rest
• 教设：eg: classroom •
• • 2.5 bi RMB
dor. canteen
shop
Warming-up Exercises
1
•公顷
• hectare
•教学设施
• educational facilities
Reference
• 4. 分隔法 （division）在一篇讲话中语气和意义结束的 地方，以 “//”或横线等分开以免和下面的句子和要点混 淆。用这种分隔线来显示语气和意义的完结。译完一段后， 最好将笔记划去，这样接着译时很容易找到该从何处开始 译。
口译笔记提高的六大方法
• 1. 尽量依靠逻辑分析记忆，少依赖笔记。 • 2. 注意适当选择该记下的讯息，如：主题词，关
笔记的要领
• 1. 纵写式（vertical arrangement) 口译笔记应避免横 向书写，以免影响传译的顺畅。
• 2. 重叠法 （superposition) 把一些相关的字词组合在一 起，使译员一眼就知这一系列字词间的关系。
• 3. 内缩式 （indention）利用笔记的上下前后位置，来 显示出不同位置语言间的关系，例如从属关系，或逻辑上 的关系。
Guidelines for Note-Taking
• 1. Concentrate on the lecture/speech
the contradiction between listening and writing Great attention should be paid to understanding
下降、减少 ↓
强、好 ＋
• 更强、更好 ＋＋ 弱、差 －
更弱、更差 ── 因为 ∵
所以 ∴
优秀 ★
属于 ∈
胜利 V 问题、疑问 ？
和、与 ＆
结论是 =＞ 促进、发展↗
• 坚持 ≡ 关键 ！
奇观 ! 有关 @ 替换为 ∽
但是 ∥ 与……比较而言 ∥
空洞 ○
代表 △
• 一方面．/ 另一方面 /． 关系 ．/． 国家 □
Memory in interpreting only lasts for a short time.
• Long-Term Memory (LTM): its duration is several days even several years.
• The main use of notes is to relieve memory. Although an interpreter may have understood the main ideas of a speech, it is almost impossible for him/her to recall all the elements of a five-minute speech, particularly if it contains numbers, names, lists, since such elements cannot be recalled on the basis of analysis and logic.
• encouraged to use target language to take notes
Guidelines for Note-Taking
• 3. Take notes selectively
• (125-140 words per minute// 25 words per minute)
• The College Town covers an area of 306 hectares, of/among which 240 hectares are used for various kinds of educational facilities such as classrooms, while the rest (are used) for dormitories, canteens and shops. • The total cost of building the whole college town will be 2.5 billion Yuan.
• 建立新架构的必要讯息是
• Ａ：６Ｗ｛六何｝（何人、何事、何时、 何地、何物、如何）
• Ｂ：数字与专有名词 Ｃ： 讯息内容之间的关系。
• Short-Term Memory (STM): The duration of STM is very short, is up 6 to 30 seconds.
键字，逻辑线索。 • 3. 熟悉运用一些常用的符号，尤其是数字符号。 • 4. 但常用符号不宜太多，同一符号尽量用在不同
场合表达多个意思。 • 5. 尽量使用缩略形式以加快记录的速度。 • 6. 注意笔记纸张空间的结构安排，以便快速无误
地读取笔记。
口译笔记的装备
• 1.） 笔记本：建议使用有活页圈的，开本 较窄，上下翻页的笔记本。笔记本规格大 小以适合自己的手掌大小为准。 • 2.）译员的笔：建议用按压式的笔。
Guidelines for Note-Taking
• 4. Be brief. Write down only the major points and important information
use abbreviations, symbols, acronyms; The negotiation held between the UN and rebel forces in
≤≥ ≈
•
大于 >
小于 <
小于或等于 ≤
大于或等于 ≥
等于、意味着 =
不等于 ≠
约等于 ≈
遗憾、悲哀 ;
高兴、荣兴 (
错误、否、不、否
定×
正确、对、好、肯
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
定√
•
•
导致、结果 →
对立、冲突 ><
波折 <<
会议、会面 ⊙
进入 ∩
接触、交往 ∞ 分歧 ⊥
非常、十分重要 **
• 不同意 N 同意 Y
上升、增加 ↑
• 2: I am very glad to have the opportunity to work in your company, and I am particularly pleased to be able to work with a group of brilliant people in China’s automobile industry.
常用符号 符号
ⅹ和≠： ↗： ↘：
→ ？： ＞： ＜：
UN
UNESCO
否定，不是、不等于、 上升、增长、发展
WTO 下降、削减、情况变坏
EU 方向、目的等
疑问，问题
逐步减少、缩小
逐步扩大、增多等
Some suggested symbols used in notetaking
+－ <> =≠ × ∵∴
Afghanistan broke down. • (谈UN+阿反) X
Guidelines for Note-Taking
• 5. Write legibly
Notes are useless if you cannot read them later.
• Don't be concerned with spelling and grammar.