[管理学]组织行为学 罗宾斯 12版本 第7章
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Task Identity
The degree to which the job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work (from beginning to end)
Task Significance
The degree to which the job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Task Identity
• High identity • Low identity
A cabinetmaker who designs a piece of furniture, selects the wood, builds the object, and finishes it to perfection A worker in a furniture factory who operates a lathe to make table legs
Chapter SEVEN
Motivation: From Concepts to Applications
h
Job Design Theory
Job Characteristics Model
Identifies five job characteristics and their relationship to personal and work outcomes
• Knowledge of results • Meaningfulness of work • Personal feelings of responsibility for results
– Increases in these psychological states result in increased motivation, performance, and job satisfaction.
Task Significance
• High significance Nursing the sick in a hospital intensive care unit • Low significance Sweeping hospital floors
Autonomy
• High autonomy • Low autonomy
h
The Job Characteristics Model
Source: J.R. Hackman and G.R. Oldham, Work Design (excerpted from pp. 78–80). © 1980 by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc. Reprinted by permission of Addison-Wesley Longman, Inc.
A telephone installer who schedules his or her own work for the day, and decides on the best techniques for a particular installation A telephone operator who must handle calls as they come according to a routine, highly specified procedure
Feedback
• High feedback • Low feedback
Leabharlann Baidu
An electronics factory worker who assembles a radio and then tests it to determine if it operates properly An electronics factory worker who assembles a radio and then routes it to a quality control inspector who tests and adjusts it
h
Examples of High and Low Job Characteristics
Characteristics
Examples
• High variety • Low variety
Skill Variety The owner-operator of a garage who does electrical repair, rebuilds engines, does body work, and interacts with customers A bodyshop worker who sprays paint eight hours a day
Characteristics 1. Skill variety 2. Task identity 3. Task significance 4. Autonomy 5. Feedback
h
Job Design Theory (cont’d)
➢ Job Characteristics Model
– Jobs with skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and for which feedback of results is given, directly affect three psychological states of employees:
h
E X H I B I T 7–1
Job Design Theory (cont’d)
Skill Variety
The degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities (how may different skills are used in a given day, week, month?)
The degree to which the job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work (from beginning to end)
Task Significance
The degree to which the job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people
Task Identity
• High identity • Low identity
A cabinetmaker who designs a piece of furniture, selects the wood, builds the object, and finishes it to perfection A worker in a furniture factory who operates a lathe to make table legs
Chapter SEVEN
Motivation: From Concepts to Applications
h
Job Design Theory
Job Characteristics Model
Identifies five job characteristics and their relationship to personal and work outcomes
• Knowledge of results • Meaningfulness of work • Personal feelings of responsibility for results
– Increases in these psychological states result in increased motivation, performance, and job satisfaction.
Task Significance
• High significance Nursing the sick in a hospital intensive care unit • Low significance Sweeping hospital floors
Autonomy
• High autonomy • Low autonomy
h
The Job Characteristics Model
Source: J.R. Hackman and G.R. Oldham, Work Design (excerpted from pp. 78–80). © 1980 by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Inc. Reprinted by permission of Addison-Wesley Longman, Inc.
A telephone installer who schedules his or her own work for the day, and decides on the best techniques for a particular installation A telephone operator who must handle calls as they come according to a routine, highly specified procedure
Feedback
• High feedback • Low feedback
Leabharlann Baidu
An electronics factory worker who assembles a radio and then tests it to determine if it operates properly An electronics factory worker who assembles a radio and then routes it to a quality control inspector who tests and adjusts it
h
Examples of High and Low Job Characteristics
Characteristics
Examples
• High variety • Low variety
Skill Variety The owner-operator of a garage who does electrical repair, rebuilds engines, does body work, and interacts with customers A bodyshop worker who sprays paint eight hours a day
Characteristics 1. Skill variety 2. Task identity 3. Task significance 4. Autonomy 5. Feedback
h
Job Design Theory (cont’d)
➢ Job Characteristics Model
– Jobs with skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and for which feedback of results is given, directly affect three psychological states of employees:
h
E X H I B I T 7–1
Job Design Theory (cont’d)
Skill Variety
The degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities (how may different skills are used in a given day, week, month?)