原茬小麦精少量播种机的设计

摘要

播种机播种质量的优劣直接影响到农作物的产量以及农产品的成本,因此研制高质量的播种机械是现代农业的迫切要求。尽管我国大部分地区早已实现播种机械化,但目前的播种机质量还不能满足高产的要求。现在大面积麦田普遍存在着植株疏密不匀,出苗参差不齐,单株个体之间性状也表现较大差异等问题,限制了小麦产量的进一步提高。生产实践证明,解决这一问题的关键在于实行均匀播种。本课题的目的是针对现有小麦播种机播种中存在缺苗烧苗现象严重,存在疙瘩苗,设计制造了一种装配有种肥分施开沟器的小麦播种机,该小麦播种机能够显著提高小麦播种的均匀性,实现种肥分施，达到了节种、增产的目的。

关键词：小麦播种机；开沟器；排种器

t

The quality of sowing machine affects the outputs and the costs of the agricultural products directly , therefore it is urgent for modern agriculture to develop the high quality sowing machine. Although most areas in our country have already realized the sowing mechanization, the quality of the present sowing machine can not satisfy the demand of high yield . At present there are some problems restricting future improvement of wheat yield in most areas ,such as ,different interspace among plants ,various sizes between seedlings and distinctive traits in individuals .Through production practices ,the key to solve this problem lies in implementing balance sowing .the main purpose of this subject is design a kind of wheat sowing machine assembling with equalizing device and furrow opener to replace the existing wheat sowing machine that result to severe absence and burning of the seedlings .this sort of wheat sowing machine in this book can improve significantly and remarkably the balance of wheat sowing and realize higher productivity.

Key words: Wheat seeder；Furrow opener；Seed metering

目录

摘要........................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................................. II 1绪论................................................................................................................................... - 1 -

1.1小麦播种机的国内外研究现状及发展趋势 (1)

1.2小麦播种机的介绍 (6)

2小麦播种机的设计 ............................................................................................................ - 7 -

2.1小麦播种机的结构特点 (7)

2.2小麦播种机的机构设计 (7)

2.2.1机架的设计......................................................................................................... - 7 -

2.2.2排种器的设计 ..................................................................................................... - 7 -

2.2.3排肥器的设计 ................................................................................................... - 10 -

2.2.4开沟器及其起落机构的设计 .............................................................................. - 10 -

2.2.5输种管、覆土器、镇压轮的设计 ....................................................................... - 14 -

2.2.6其他工作部件的设计.......................................................................................... - 15 -

2.2.7播种机的连接器 ............................................................................................... - 18 -

2.2.8播种机的总体设计与配置 ................................................................................ - 19 -3小麦播种机的使用 .......................................................................................................... - 21 -

3.1播种机使用应掌握的技巧 (21)

3.2播种机常见故障及排除方法 (21)

总结.................................................................................................................................... - 22 -参考文献 ............................................................................................................................ - 23 -致谢.................................................................................................................................... - 24 -