光催化还原二氧化碳的进展

目录

摘要 ......................................................... I II ABSTRACT ....................................................... I V 第一章绪论 (1)

1.1 引言 (1)

1.2 二氧化碳的应用 (2)

1.3 光催化的反应机理 (3)

1.4 光催化还原二氧化碳的应用 (4)

1.4.1 光催化的发展 (4)

1.4.2 光催化的应用 (5)

第二章光还原CO2催化剂的研究进展 (6)

2.1 光催化方法 (6)

2.2 光催化的原理 (6)

2.3 光催化还原二氧化碳的研究 (7)

2.3.1独立的TiO2体系 (8)

2.3.2 金属修饰的TiO2 (9)

2.3.3 有机光敏化剂修饰TiO2 (11)

2.3.4 含铁化合物 (11)

2.3.5 复合半导体材料催化剂 (12)

2.4 TiO2负载催化剂 (12)

2.5 TiO2/沸石、分子筛催化剂 (13)

2.7 光催化剂常用的制备方法 (14)

2.7.2 浸渍法 (15)

2.7.3 共沉淀法 (15)

2.8 TiO2光催化技术存在的主要问题 (16)

2.9 TiO2光催化剂改性及研究 (17)

2.10 光催化CO2研究进展 (19)

第三章结论 (21)

参考文献 (22)

致谢 (23)

摘要

温室气体CO2是全球变暖的一个主要原因，利用太阳能将CO2还原为烃类等有用资源将对环境保护和人类生活带来巨大的好处。本文总结了近年来发现的一些可用于CO2光催化还原反应的新型催化剂,主要涉及钙钛矿复合氧化物光催化剂、隧道结构光催化剂、分子筛光催化剂、有机物光催化剂和生物酶催化剂。从结构特点出发，解释了它们作为还原CO2的光催化剂具有的优势。另外，对光催化还原CO2涉及的机理也作了相应介绍。CO2既是一种温室效应气体，又是地球的重要碳源，其合理利用具有重要意义。

介绍了多种将CO2转化为化工产品的光催化还原体系，包括TiO2体系、金属修饰的TiO2体系、有机光敏化剂修饰的TiO2体系和其他光敏半导体材料体系。评述了不同光催化体系的特点及其催化性能。讨论了光源波长、反应温度、CO2压力和浓度、H2O和CO2摩尔比等实验条件对反应产物种类及其产量的影响，指出催化剂的活性、光源波长和CO2压力是CO2转化的关键因素。

关键词：二氧化碳；光催化剂；光还原；综合利用

ABSTRACT

Greenhouse gas CO2is one of the primary cause of global warming, The atmospheric concentration of CO2has recently increased owing to human activity, it accelerates the greenhouse effect further. To solve the CO2 problem permanently requires transforming CO2 into another useful or non-toxic compounds. If solar energy can be used to reduce CO2 to reasonable hydrocarbon resources would benefit humans and the environment，The advantage of photoreduction of CO2 is to use inexhaustible solar energy. In this paper some novel photocatalysts used in reduction of CO2including calcium-titanium oxides, tunnel frame, molecule sieves, organism and bioenzyme were summarized, Asphotocatalysts, the causation of their superiority to reduce CO2were explained from their frameworks，FurthermoreŒthe mechanisms for the process of reactions were introduced and the new photocatalytic techniques were pointed out as well.

Introduced a variety of chemical products of CO2 into the photocatalytic reduction system, including TiO2system, the metal-modified TiO2system, the organic photosensitive agent modified TiO2 system and other photosensitive semiconductor material system，Reviewed the characteristics of different photocatalytic systems and catalytic activity.Discuss the light wavelength, temperature, CO2 pressure and concentration, H2O and CO2 molar ratio and other types of experimental conditions on the reaction products and yield, that the catalytic activity, light wavelength conversion of CO2 and CO2 pressure is a key factor.

KEY WORDS : Carbon dioxide, Photocatalyst, Photoreduction, Comprehensive Utilization