古希腊哲学家介绍【英文】 Greek Philosophers
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Said to Ptolemy: “There is No Royal Road to geometry!”
Archimedes 287 - 212 .B.C
Greek mathematician – Geometry War machines and other devices Theory of buoyancy - “Eureka!” Law of the lever Archimedean screw
Greek Philosophers
Greek Philosophers
Philosophers – “lovers of wisdom” Sophists – “workers of wisdom”
– Teachers
phileo = love sophia = wisdom
If sophia = wisdom and moron = fool, then a sophomore is a “wise fool.”
Plato named one of his dialogues after him.
Hippocrates 460-377 .B.C
Founded a school of medicine Rejected that sickness comes
from the gods Careful observations of
knowledge should be used to achieve a comfortable, safe, and happy life. Teachings to equip citizens for life in the polis:
1. Public speaking – oratory and rhetoric 2. Politics 3. Grammar – language 4. The art of being respectable
Thales of Miletus 636-546 .B.C
Earliest known philosopher Studied Egyptian and
Babylonian astronomy and mathematics Believed that the universe was controlled by fixed laws Basic element – water. Got rich with olive presses!
Conversational Based upon reason and logic
Popular among the youth a “gadfly” in Athens Placed on trial for impiety and
corrupting the youth Was executed in 399 – drank poison
Pythagoras 582-500 .B.C
The universe could only be understood thru numbers.
Sun, moon, and earth revolved around a central fire.
Each planet produces a tone! Famous for the Pythagorean
One of the most prominent mathematicians
Wrote The Elements
Widely used till about 1903. 2nd only to the Bible in numbers of
translations, publications, and study Greek – Arabic – Latin
hemlock
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
“The unexamined life is not worth living.” - Socrates -
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
symptoms
Acute Chronic
“Holistic” healing
Hygiene Diet Curative powers of nature
The Hippocratic Oath
Democritus 460? - 360 .B.C
Developed the atomic theory. Taught that the universe was
Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
Pythagoras 582-500 .B.C
c2 a2
b2
Pytቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
Protagoras 485 - 410 .B.C
Most famous of the Sophists Believed that reason and
formed out of chaos through the joining of atoms of like shape and size. Atoma = indivisible particles. “the laughing philosopher”
Euclid c.300 .B.C
Archimedean Screw
Modern application of the Archimedean Screw
The Three Most Famous Philosophers
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
Critic of the Sophists Encouraged students to think Left no writings – skeptical Dialectic method
Archimedes 287 - 212 .B.C
Greek mathematician – Geometry War machines and other devices Theory of buoyancy - “Eureka!” Law of the lever Archimedean screw
Greek Philosophers
Greek Philosophers
Philosophers – “lovers of wisdom” Sophists – “workers of wisdom”
– Teachers
phileo = love sophia = wisdom
If sophia = wisdom and moron = fool, then a sophomore is a “wise fool.”
Plato named one of his dialogues after him.
Hippocrates 460-377 .B.C
Founded a school of medicine Rejected that sickness comes
from the gods Careful observations of
knowledge should be used to achieve a comfortable, safe, and happy life. Teachings to equip citizens for life in the polis:
1. Public speaking – oratory and rhetoric 2. Politics 3. Grammar – language 4. The art of being respectable
Thales of Miletus 636-546 .B.C
Earliest known philosopher Studied Egyptian and
Babylonian astronomy and mathematics Believed that the universe was controlled by fixed laws Basic element – water. Got rich with olive presses!
Conversational Based upon reason and logic
Popular among the youth a “gadfly” in Athens Placed on trial for impiety and
corrupting the youth Was executed in 399 – drank poison
Pythagoras 582-500 .B.C
The universe could only be understood thru numbers.
Sun, moon, and earth revolved around a central fire.
Each planet produces a tone! Famous for the Pythagorean
One of the most prominent mathematicians
Wrote The Elements
Widely used till about 1903. 2nd only to the Bible in numbers of
translations, publications, and study Greek – Arabic – Latin
hemlock
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
“The unexamined life is not worth living.” - Socrates -
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
symptoms
Acute Chronic
“Holistic” healing
Hygiene Diet Curative powers of nature
The Hippocratic Oath
Democritus 460? - 360 .B.C
Developed the atomic theory. Taught that the universe was
Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
Pythagoras 582-500 .B.C
c2 a2
b2
Pytቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱagorean Theorem: a2 + b2 = c2
Protagoras 485 - 410 .B.C
Most famous of the Sophists Believed that reason and
formed out of chaos through the joining of atoms of like shape and size. Atoma = indivisible particles. “the laughing philosopher”
Euclid c.300 .B.C
Archimedean Screw
Modern application of the Archimedean Screw
The Three Most Famous Philosophers
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
Socrates 469 - 399 .B.C
Critic of the Sophists Encouraged students to think Left no writings – skeptical Dialectic method