成人高考专升本英语考点

成人高考专升本英语考点

主谓一致

1.and的用法

and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：

Both he and I are right.

Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom.

但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数,例如：

His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.

The poet and writer has come.

当连接的是两个不可分的东西时，谓语动词用单数，例如：

Whisky and soda is my favorite drink.

Bread and butter is my favorite snack.

由and连接的并列主语中如果有each, every, no修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：

Every boy and every girl has a dictionary at hand.

Each man and each woman has a dancing partner at the party. In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.

2.就近原则：

not…but…，not only … but also…，either……or,…，

neither……nor…，there be…，here…

以上词语连接两个主语时，以离动词最近的主语形式为准，如：Either Mr. Smith or his wife and sons have to face the difficulties.

There are fourteen chairs and a whiteboard in the meeting room. 经典试题：

One or more pages are missing.

The headmaster or I am going to hand out the papers.

3.就远原则：

with, along with, together with, including, except, but, besides, rather than, instead of

以上词语连接两个主语时，以离动词远的主语形式为准，如：

The library including 5,000 books was burnt down last night. The teacher rather than the students was wrong.

4.集合名词:

Family, class, group, team, crew, committee,等

如以上名词作主语时，如果指一个整体，谓语动词就是单数;如果指成员时，谓语动词用复数，如：

The class is made up of 40 students.

5.单独的动名词，不定式，从句，时间，金钱，距离，学科，疾病，组织(专有名词)做主语时，谓语动词用单数，如;

Swimming is good for you.

Fifty dollars is too much for me.

Father gave me a dictionary as a birthday gift, which makes me excited.

Physics is really difficult for me to learn.

关系代词

关系代词who, which, that 的考点：

I know the girl. The girl works in IBM.

I know the girl who / that works in IBM.

The old man is a famous artist. We visited the old man yesterday. The old man who /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist. The laptop is made by DELL. I bought the laptop last week. The laptop which / that I bought last week is made by DELL. 先行词为以下情况，关系代词必须用that:

1.先行词被形容词最高级修饰：

He is the hardest-working student that I have ever taught.

2.先行词被序数词修饰：

He is the first man that finished the work on time.

3.先行词被only, just, the same, next等词修饰：

This is the only dictionary that I have at hand.

4.先行词本身为不定代词：

Is there anything that I can do for you?

5.先行词中既包含人又包含物：

We know nothing about the doctors and the hospitals that you are talking about.

6.正式用法中，先行词是动物的时候

We have to protect whales and sharks that are being threatened by death.

表示比较的方法

表示比较的方法在英语里是比较复杂的。除了形容词和副词的比较级和最高级外，还有很多特定的短语和句型表示比较。对于这类考题，考生需熟记公式，记清各公式中的形容词、副词、介词、连词等的搭配，以及其比较的含义。这里就常考的一些比较形式作一个归纳。l)平级比较：这是指在比较的过程中不用形容词或副词的比较级或最高级进行比较，而是用特定句型的肯定或否定式进行比较。

as+形容词/副词+as(肯定式，意为：跟……一样)

not SO(as)+形容词/副词+as(否定式，意为：不如)

as+形容词+a/an+单数名词+as

as+many/few+可数名词+as

as much/little+不可数名词+as

the same+名词+as(与……一样)

This is as interesting a book as the other is.

这本书跟另一本一样有意思。

Helen cannot come to visit her mother so often as she hopes. Helen不可能像她希望的那样经常看望母亲。