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构词法(1)
前缀+词根+后缀-->本义-->比喻义/引申义
空间感....动词性....词性丢失掉重点考察
时间感....名词性....附加义
附录1:前缀表34
前缀
时间义
空间义
特殊义
举例
a+XX
一再
向前
Abbreviate accountable addict affable annihilate assay appropriate
向前
不再
Obsequious obstruct oblivion obliterate opponent opposite officious occlude opaque
Pre
向前(已发生)
向前
Prescribe——proscribe
Premise——promise
Preceding——proceeding
镜
Mir
农
Agr/egr
快乐
Mus/maz
艺术
Art
神
Holsanct/sangdign/din/dainsacr/secrthe
Tive/sive
过多的
Assertive incisive demonstrative acquisitive inquisitive
Ant/ent
高的
Efficient petulant
Able/ible
可...的
[注意]:以下单词不表示“可...的”:agreeable considerable perishable tractable admirable predictable
co/com/con/cof
加强
共同做
Cooperate collaborate corroborate coexist confirm confound
counter/contra
在..对面
对等
Counterpart counterpoint counterclockwise counterfeit contradict controversial
拉
Pultract/tragten/tens/tentstr
看
Vi/vid/vis/voyspect/spec/spic
听
audrog
说
Dict/dicat/diglect/leg/lexlog/loq/locfab/faclaim/clam fess
摸
Touch/tach/tect/teg/tag/tact/tanct/tang/tinct/ting/tin/tig/tict
ab
不再
远离
不再
Abnormal abrogate abstain abort abolish abdicate abstemious abstracted
a+V./N.
由动作或名称变为状态
Astray awry abate amass aghast align
a+adj
表示否定
Atypical apolitical anomalous amoral
Mis/mal
不再
Misunderstand misfit malcontent malfeasance malfunction malnutrition malicious malpractice malignant
Non/nay
不再
Nonspeaking naysayer
Ob/oc/op/of
一再
不再
分开
加强
Dismiss disintegrate dissipate
Dispatch disseminate disillusion
Dia
相对
Dialect diaphanous dialogue
En/em
一再
进入
Enlighten roughen widen emphasize
E/ec/ex/ef
Pro
向前(未发生)
向前
Per
一再
共同
使变坏
Perspective perfection
Pervert perfunctory perfidy persecute
Prospective——perspective
Prosecute——persecute
Peri
在外面
Perimeter peripheral
吃
Vor/voureat/ate
喝
Soup/sip/sap/seep
等
Paraequ
刺
Point/punct/pung
落
Cip/cap hap cid/cad/cas/cayscend
行
Nav/nauact/ag
生
Nat/na/nais
做
Fact/fect/fag/feit/fit/fac/feat fort erg/erc
Re/retro
一再
向后
不再
Regressive recessive
Renounce refuse refute resent refuge
Se
一分为二
Separate seclude seduce
Sub/suc/suf
一再
在下面
Subordinate subsequent subconscious sufficient successive succinct
Point/punct/pung点、刺:expungecompunctionpungent acupuncture
动词性词根
转
Vert/versvolu/volv/volplict/plex/plicat
拿
Cept/ceive/ceittain/ten/tinhibitprehend
走
Cede/ceed/cessgress/gregvad/wadambvent/venecur
ful
充满的
Less
少的
Or/id
Candid--candor,splendid--splendor,stupor--stupid,fervid--fervor,rigid--rigor--rigorous,timid--timorous
Ify/ize
...化
Calcify clarify liquefy petrify
money/min/muni钱财:mint munificent;
know/no/nor/not知道:ignore ignorant prognosticate diagnosis notable notify connotation denote;
noun/nun/ non发声:denounceannounce renounce enunciate pronounce
害怕
Hor
诅咒
Cus/curs
选择
Lect/leg/ligopt
装饰
Orn
折磨
tortflict
暗示
Lus/lud
分开
Lyzana
烦扰
noy/nois
对抗
Gon
关心
Cern/car/cur
倾斜
Cline
相信
Credfid
打包
Pack patch
争论
Put
复发
Lapse
错过
For
玩弄
lus/lud
浸入
Anti/ante
不再
在...前
对抗
Antipathy antithesis anterior antecedent antitoxin antiseptic antiwar
Be+V.
加强
Befuddle--fuddle bemoan--mourn beguile--guile beget--get befall-fall befriend--friend begrudge--grudge become--come because--cause
Hypo
过低
附录2:后缀及后缀的附加义34
动词后缀:ateifyizeenish
形容词后缀:ateyileableibletivesiveulentousantent
名词后缀:
抽象名词:mentsureturesiontionism sisiatitude
实义名词:ereeor antentistriumaryory
运
Mit/misport itfer
跑
Fug
弯
Ply tort
流
fus/futflow/fluriv
吓
Ton/toun/tun
造
Struct
站
Standsist
切
Cis/cid tomanasect/seg
引
duct/ducgestcit
碰
Scuss
坐
Sit/set/sed/sid/sess
令
Mand
刺
Point/punct/pung
成
Form mat/met
量
Meas/met/mes
挖
Dig/dictmine
管
Mon
接
Nect/nex
知
Know/no/nor/not
感
Path/pass sent/sens
投
Ject
推
Pel
记
Minesmemmin
联系
Soc
分类
Sort
变化
Var
征服
Victvinc
后缀
附加义
举例
ile
容易的
Facile, futile, versatile, agile, servile, tactile, ductile, docile
Ous
过多的
(贬义多)
Officious, credulous, voracious, clamorous, loquacious, presumptuous
mers/merg
结束
Fin
趋势
Tend
跟随
sequ/secu
产生
Gen
侵入
trud/trus
名词性词根
水
Wat/washydrlu/lutaqualav
木
Lumbtimbcumblog car/char
声
Soun/sun/son phone
火
Flam
土
Humterr
价
Price/precval
光
Lu/lutlight
cata/cate
向下
Categorical catalog catalyze catastrophic
de/di
加强
向下
使变坏
Degrade defame denounce decry detest derail decline descend deface dehumanize defer
Dis
(4)t/d/s互换:这种互换很常见,对于衍生词变化时,基本上都会涉及到,mit/mis运送,vert/vers转,vid/vis/vit看;
(5)m/n互换:phan/phen/phem出现,don/dom统治;
第二类:词根变化——音变体(针对词根中的元音)
举例:treach/trick/tric/chic阴谋:chicanery treacherous intricate extricate inextricable;
出来
Erectile eclectic exclaim effortless
Epi
在外面
Epidermis epidemic epitomize
In/im/ir/il
Inter/intro
不再
进入
Infamous immoral irrevocable illogical interfere introvert Introspective
Sup/super
一再
在上面
过多
Support suppose superficial superfluous superior supersede
Sy/sys/syn
一再
共同
Synopsis system synchronization
Trans/tra
穿过
Transparent translucent transport
tang/tinct/ting/tac/tach/touch接触、触摸,doct/dog/dox理论,luct/lug悲伤;
(2)字母重排:star-astr星星,vac/cav空洞,arch/arc/cra统治,ugly/ugl/ulg怪物;
(3)u/v/w互换:vad/wad走,volu/volv旋转,vi/wi邪恶,van/wan空;
Traductiontraverse
Para
越过
相等
在..旁边
Parallel paramount parameter parasite paraphrase
Un
不再
With
一再
加强
Withstand withdraw wither
Hyper
过高
Hypercritical——hypocrite
Hypertension——hypotension hypothesis
写
Scribe sign
挂
Pend/pens
插
Sert/sers
直
Rectright
扰
Turb
统
Dorm/dom/don
摩
Ras/rad
放
Pos lay/laiponloc藏Biblioteka Condharborceal/seal
流
Rivflow/flufus/fut
关
Close/clud/clos
折
Ruptflect/flexfract/frag
SAT词汇——构词法(2)
附录3:词根变化及词根表150
第一类:词根变化——形变体(针对词根中的辅音)
(1)ct与g/x互换:sanct/sang神圣,tract/trag拉,pract/prag实践,dict/dicat/dig说,lect/leg/lex说,pict/pig画,act/ag行动,sect/seg切,tact/tag/tect/teg/tict/tig/tanct/
前缀+词根+后缀-->本义-->比喻义/引申义
空间感....动词性....词性丢失掉重点考察
时间感....名词性....附加义
附录1:前缀表34
前缀
时间义
空间义
特殊义
举例
a+XX
一再
向前
Abbreviate accountable addict affable annihilate assay appropriate
向前
不再
Obsequious obstruct oblivion obliterate opponent opposite officious occlude opaque
Pre
向前(已发生)
向前
Prescribe——proscribe
Premise——promise
Preceding——proceeding
镜
Mir
农
Agr/egr
快乐
Mus/maz
艺术
Art
神
Holsanct/sangdign/din/dainsacr/secrthe
Tive/sive
过多的
Assertive incisive demonstrative acquisitive inquisitive
Ant/ent
高的
Efficient petulant
Able/ible
可...的
[注意]:以下单词不表示“可...的”:agreeable considerable perishable tractable admirable predictable
co/com/con/cof
加强
共同做
Cooperate collaborate corroborate coexist confirm confound
counter/contra
在..对面
对等
Counterpart counterpoint counterclockwise counterfeit contradict controversial
拉
Pultract/tragten/tens/tentstr
看
Vi/vid/vis/voyspect/spec/spic
听
audrog
说
Dict/dicat/diglect/leg/lexlog/loq/locfab/faclaim/clam fess
摸
Touch/tach/tect/teg/tag/tact/tanct/tang/tinct/ting/tin/tig/tict
ab
不再
远离
不再
Abnormal abrogate abstain abort abolish abdicate abstemious abstracted
a+V./N.
由动作或名称变为状态
Astray awry abate amass aghast align
a+adj
表示否定
Atypical apolitical anomalous amoral
Mis/mal
不再
Misunderstand misfit malcontent malfeasance malfunction malnutrition malicious malpractice malignant
Non/nay
不再
Nonspeaking naysayer
Ob/oc/op/of
一再
不再
分开
加强
Dismiss disintegrate dissipate
Dispatch disseminate disillusion
Dia
相对
Dialect diaphanous dialogue
En/em
一再
进入
Enlighten roughen widen emphasize
E/ec/ex/ef
Pro
向前(未发生)
向前
Per
一再
共同
使变坏
Perspective perfection
Pervert perfunctory perfidy persecute
Prospective——perspective
Prosecute——persecute
Peri
在外面
Perimeter peripheral
吃
Vor/voureat/ate
喝
Soup/sip/sap/seep
等
Paraequ
刺
Point/punct/pung
落
Cip/cap hap cid/cad/cas/cayscend
行
Nav/nauact/ag
生
Nat/na/nais
做
Fact/fect/fag/feit/fit/fac/feat fort erg/erc
Re/retro
一再
向后
不再
Regressive recessive
Renounce refuse refute resent refuge
Se
一分为二
Separate seclude seduce
Sub/suc/suf
一再
在下面
Subordinate subsequent subconscious sufficient successive succinct
Point/punct/pung点、刺:expungecompunctionpungent acupuncture
动词性词根
转
Vert/versvolu/volv/volplict/plex/plicat
拿
Cept/ceive/ceittain/ten/tinhibitprehend
走
Cede/ceed/cessgress/gregvad/wadambvent/venecur
ful
充满的
Less
少的
Or/id
Candid--candor,splendid--splendor,stupor--stupid,fervid--fervor,rigid--rigor--rigorous,timid--timorous
Ify/ize
...化
Calcify clarify liquefy petrify
money/min/muni钱财:mint munificent;
know/no/nor/not知道:ignore ignorant prognosticate diagnosis notable notify connotation denote;
noun/nun/ non发声:denounceannounce renounce enunciate pronounce
害怕
Hor
诅咒
Cus/curs
选择
Lect/leg/ligopt
装饰
Orn
折磨
tortflict
暗示
Lus/lud
分开
Lyzana
烦扰
noy/nois
对抗
Gon
关心
Cern/car/cur
倾斜
Cline
相信
Credfid
打包
Pack patch
争论
Put
复发
Lapse
错过
For
玩弄
lus/lud
浸入
Anti/ante
不再
在...前
对抗
Antipathy antithesis anterior antecedent antitoxin antiseptic antiwar
Be+V.
加强
Befuddle--fuddle bemoan--mourn beguile--guile beget--get befall-fall befriend--friend begrudge--grudge become--come because--cause
Hypo
过低
附录2:后缀及后缀的附加义34
动词后缀:ateifyizeenish
形容词后缀:ateyileableibletivesiveulentousantent
名词后缀:
抽象名词:mentsureturesiontionism sisiatitude
实义名词:ereeor antentistriumaryory
运
Mit/misport itfer
跑
Fug
弯
Ply tort
流
fus/futflow/fluriv
吓
Ton/toun/tun
造
Struct
站
Standsist
切
Cis/cid tomanasect/seg
引
duct/ducgestcit
碰
Scuss
坐
Sit/set/sed/sid/sess
令
Mand
刺
Point/punct/pung
成
Form mat/met
量
Meas/met/mes
挖
Dig/dictmine
管
Mon
接
Nect/nex
知
Know/no/nor/not
感
Path/pass sent/sens
投
Ject
推
Pel
记
Minesmemmin
联系
Soc
分类
Sort
变化
Var
征服
Victvinc
后缀
附加义
举例
ile
容易的
Facile, futile, versatile, agile, servile, tactile, ductile, docile
Ous
过多的
(贬义多)
Officious, credulous, voracious, clamorous, loquacious, presumptuous
mers/merg
结束
Fin
趋势
Tend
跟随
sequ/secu
产生
Gen
侵入
trud/trus
名词性词根
水
Wat/washydrlu/lutaqualav
木
Lumbtimbcumblog car/char
声
Soun/sun/son phone
火
Flam
土
Humterr
价
Price/precval
光
Lu/lutlight
cata/cate
向下
Categorical catalog catalyze catastrophic
de/di
加强
向下
使变坏
Degrade defame denounce decry detest derail decline descend deface dehumanize defer
Dis
(4)t/d/s互换:这种互换很常见,对于衍生词变化时,基本上都会涉及到,mit/mis运送,vert/vers转,vid/vis/vit看;
(5)m/n互换:phan/phen/phem出现,don/dom统治;
第二类:词根变化——音变体(针对词根中的元音)
举例:treach/trick/tric/chic阴谋:chicanery treacherous intricate extricate inextricable;
出来
Erectile eclectic exclaim effortless
Epi
在外面
Epidermis epidemic epitomize
In/im/ir/il
Inter/intro
不再
进入
Infamous immoral irrevocable illogical interfere introvert Introspective
Sup/super
一再
在上面
过多
Support suppose superficial superfluous superior supersede
Sy/sys/syn
一再
共同
Synopsis system synchronization
Trans/tra
穿过
Transparent translucent transport
tang/tinct/ting/tac/tach/touch接触、触摸,doct/dog/dox理论,luct/lug悲伤;
(2)字母重排:star-astr星星,vac/cav空洞,arch/arc/cra统治,ugly/ugl/ulg怪物;
(3)u/v/w互换:vad/wad走,volu/volv旋转,vi/wi邪恶,van/wan空;
Traductiontraverse
Para
越过
相等
在..旁边
Parallel paramount parameter parasite paraphrase
Un
不再
With
一再
加强
Withstand withdraw wither
Hyper
过高
Hypercritical——hypocrite
Hypertension——hypotension hypothesis
写
Scribe sign
挂
Pend/pens
插
Sert/sers
直
Rectright
扰
Turb
统
Dorm/dom/don
摩
Ras/rad
放
Pos lay/laiponloc藏Biblioteka Condharborceal/seal
流
Rivflow/flufus/fut
关
Close/clud/clos
折
Ruptflect/flexfract/frag
SAT词汇——构词法(2)
附录3:词根变化及词根表150
第一类:词根变化——形变体(针对词根中的辅音)
(1)ct与g/x互换:sanct/sang神圣,tract/trag拉,pract/prag实践,dict/dicat/dig说,lect/leg/lex说,pict/pig画,act/ag行动,sect/seg切,tact/tag/tect/teg/tict/tig/tanct/