爆破英文术语

◆爆破用品(explosive product)
☒Detonating cord 导爆索
☒cotton fuse棉芯导火索
☒delay electric detonator延时电雷管
☒detonating fuse导火索，导爆索
☒detonator雷管
☒explosive炸药
☒ammonium nitrate explosive销铵炸药
☒waterproof a-nitrate explosive防水销铵炸药
☒open air a-nitrate explosive露天销铵炸药
☒emulsion explosive乳胶炸药
☒ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive销铵燃油炸药
☒plastic fuse塑料导火索
☒short electric detonator瞬发电雷管
◆钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting)
☒ abandoned hole废孔
☒ average hole depth平均孔深
☒ average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均单耗☒ blasting result爆破结果
☒ blockness 块度
☒ controlled perimeter blasting周边控制爆破
☒ data of explosive filled装药参数
☒ data of holes drilled 钻孔参数
☒ delayed blasting延时参数
☒ exploratory hole探孔
☒ explosive quantity药量
☒ explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量
☒ handling misfire处理哑炮
☒ light charge 少量装药
☒ loosening blasting松动爆破
☒ pattern 布孔方式
☒ distance between holes孔距
☒ distance between rows 排距
☒ post shearing blasting 微差爆破
☒ prespliting blasting 预裂爆破
☒ quantity of holes 孔数
☒ smooth blasting光面爆破
◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support）
明挖（Open Excavation）
☒ bench excavation 台阶开挖
☒ concrete excavation 砼开挖
☒ fault excavation断层开挖
☒ foundation excavation 基础开挖
☒ local excavation 局部开挖
☒ mass (bulk) excavation大面积开挖
☒ protective layer excavation保护层开挖
☒ rock excavation岩石开挖
☒ slope excavation 边坡开挖
☒ soft ground excavation软基开挖
☒ soil excavation土方开挖
☒ structural excavation结构开挖
☒ tooth excavation 齿槽开挖
☒ unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖
☒ coefficient of nonuniformity开挖不均匀系数
☒ cutoff trench截水槽
☒ dewatering (drainage) 排水
☒ excavation pit开挖基坑
☒ intensity of excavation开挖强度
☒ over excavate (over break)超挖
☒ pump sump 水泵坑
☒ under excavate (under break)欠挖
☒ under break treatment 欠挖处理
洞挖及地下开挖(Tunnel and Underground Excavation) ☒ a round of excavation一个开挖循环
☒ adit支洞
☒ advance进尺
☒ advanced depth进尺深度
☒ breaking hole崩落孔
☒ cushion hole 缓冲孔
☒ drift 掏槽
bottom drift 底部掏槽
center drift中心掏槽
side drift 边部掏槽
top drift顶部掏槽
☒ drilling 钻孔
☒ driving (progress) rate 进尺率
☒ easer 掏槽孔
☒ full face excavation 全断面开挖
☒ heading and bench excavation 导洞与台阶开挖
☒ loading (charging)装药
☒ perimeter hole 周边孔
☒ pilot tunnel 导洞
☒ shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮
☒ top heading excavation上导洞开挖
附录1. 小浪底工程结构物名称统计
拦河大坝
ballast weight石渣压戗
berm 马道
blended impervious blanket混合不透水铺盖concrete cutoff wall砼防渗墙
core cutoff trench芯墙截水槽
crest access坝顶公路
cutoff dike截渗堤
dam abutment坝肩
dam axis坝轴线
dam body (embankment)坝体
dam crest坝顶
dam foundation坝基
dam shell 坝壳
dam site坝址
drainage curtain排水帷幕
filter反滤层
freeboard section超高段
grout curtain灌浆帷幕
heel of dam 坝踵
main dam主坝
parapet wall防浪墙
pitched work块石护坡
plastic zone塑性区
rock contact part基岩连接部分
rockfill riprap堆石护坡
saddle dam副坝
soil sloping core土质斜芯墙
toe of dam坝趾
transition zone过渡区
upstream blanket上游铺盖
泄洪排沙系统
进水口(Intake Area)
access bridge交通桥
bridge abutment桥台，桥肩
bridge pier桥墩
bridge span桥跨
cable trench电缆沟
cored beam空心梁
diaphragm隔板
inside beam内梁
neoprene bearing橡胶支座
outside beam外梁
pavement铺装层
road surface路面
T-beam T型梁
Walkway人行道
air vent 通气孔
approach channel引水渠
central pier中墩
chamber 室
auxiliary trashrack maintenance chamber副拦污栅检修室booster pump chamber加压泵房
carousel rail chamber环形轨道室
drainage sump chamber集水井室
gate dogging chamber闸门锁定室
gate maintenance chamber闸门检修室
hoist chamber启闭机室
main trashrack maintenance chamber主拦污栅检修室Channel Training Wall引水导墙
concrete liner砼衬砌
control room控制室
corbel 牛腿
cover盖板
direct plumb line hole正垂孔
gallery廊道
access gallery交通廊道
drainage gallery排水廊道
observation gallery观测廊道
pressure balance gallery冲水平压廊道
gate slot 门槽
auxiliary trashrack slot副拦污栅槽
emergency gate slot事故门槽
main trashrack slot主拦污栅槽
maintenance gate slot检修门槽
track rake slot清污机槽
handrail扶手
ntake tower进水塔
diversion tower导流塔
free flow tower明流塔
irrigation tower灌溉塔
orifice tower发电塔
inverted plumb line pipe倒垂塔
lamp post灯柱
longitude strut纵向联系梁
parapet wall栏杆，女儿墙
shaft竖井
auxiliary trashrack shaft副拦污栅井
elevator shaft电梯井
emergency gate shaft事故门井lifting case shaft吊箱井
main trashrack shaft主拦污栅井service shaft交通井
staircase shaft楼梯井
temporary shaft临时竖井
steel plate liner钢板衬砌transverse strut横向联系梁
water passage流道
洞群及溢流道(Tunnels and Spillway) tunnels洞群
access tunnel交通洞
anchorage boxout锚具洞
closure gate封堵门
concrete plug砼封堵
connector section龙抬头连接段crown (vault)顶拱
drainage tunnel排水洞
free flow tunnel明流洞
hoist shaft吊物井
invert底拱
irrigation tunnel灌溉洞
mid-gate chamber中闸室
orifice ring孔板环
orifice tunnel孔板洞
sediment tunnel排沙洞
transition section渐变段
upper bend section上弯段
spillway溢洪道
aerator掺气坎
emergency spillway非常溢洪道
flip bucket挑流鼻坎
free flow chute明流泄槽
headwork渠首
retaining wall挡墙
service spillway正常溢洪道
出口区(Outlet Area)
approach wall引水渠
base slab底板
concrete apron砼护坦
discharge channel泄水渠
divider wall隔墙
plunge pool消力塘
plunge pool wier消力塘尾堰stilling basin静水池
引水发电系统
power tunnel发电洞
upper horizontal section上平段upper curved section上弯段inclined section斜井段
lower curved section下弯段
lower horizontal section下平段penstock压力钢管
main power house主厂房
concrete ledge岩臂梁
generator floor发电机层
turbine floor水轮机层
operating gallery操作廊道unwatering gallery排水廊道auxiliary powerhouse副厂房erection bay安装间
drainage system排水系统drainage tunnel排水洞
high-voltage cable tunnel高压电缆洞bus tunnel母线洞
transformer chamber主变室
draft tube gate chamber尾闸室
draft tube tunnel尾水管洞
tailrace tunnel尾水洞
tailrace outlet尾水出口
tailrace channel尾水渠
tailrace divider wall尾水隔墙working bridge隔墩
sediment gate防淤闸
tailrace conic apron尾水护坦tailrace training wall尾水导墙
vent shaft通风竖井
临时建筑及附属设施
临时建筑(Temporary Works) cofferdam围堰
deep-water cofferdam深水围堰grouting tunnel灌浆洞
starter cofferdam枯水围堰
附属设施(auxiliary Facilities) aggregate processing plant骨料加工厂batching plant拌和楼
carpentry yard木工房
construction camps施工营地
crushing and screening plant破碎筛分厂laboratory实验室
main office building主办公楼
main (general) store主仓库mechanical workshop机修车间precast yard预制厂
railway transfer platform铁路转运站rebar yard钢筋加工厂
rock quarry采石场
spoil disposal area弃渣场
stockpile area堆渣场
water treatment plant水处理厂。