高铁赤泥中铁的盐酸浸出研究

高铁赤泥中铁的盐酸浸出研究

摘要

随着我国经济的持续快速发展，对支持国民经济可持续发展的第一、二大金属铁、铝的消费也越来越大，导致国内铁矿石和铝土矿石供需矛盾突出，资源严重短缺，对国内外资源的依存度越来越大。赤泥是铝土矿经强碱溶出氧化铝后所产生的废矿渣，主要

成分有Fe

2O

3,

Al

2

O

3

,SiO

2

,CaO,TiO

2

,REO等。每生产1t氧化铝约产生0.8-1.5t赤泥，我国

累积堆存量达到2亿吨。赤泥大量堆存，既占用土地，浪费资源，又易造成环境污染和安全隐患。

为回收赤泥中的铁，决赤泥污染和占地问题，研究了用盐酸溶出废赤泥中的氧化铝和氧化铁的工艺，考察了赤泥的焙烧、盐酸与赤泥的液固比、盐酸的浓度、酸浸时间、酸浸温度及酸浸方式对赤泥中氧化铝、氧化铁浸出率的影响. 结果表明: 赤泥不需要焙烧，盐酸与赤泥的液固比5∶1, 盐酸的浓度为7mol/L，酸浸温度在100℃左右, 酸浸时间为60 min, 酸浸方式为二次浸出,氧化铁的浸出率为98.39%。

关键词：高铁赤泥；氧化铁；浸出率

High-speed rail iron red mud of hydrochloric acid leaching

Abstract

With China’s sustained and rapid economic development, the most important metal which to support the sustainable development of national economy-iron and aluminum which consumption is also growing. Because of the domestic iron ore and bauxite ore supply and demand contradiction is highlighting, the shortage of resources, the dependence on foreign resources become more and more seriously. Red mud is the production process of alumina bauxite after dissolution of alumina produced waste slag. It main componentsas follow: Fe2O3,Al2O3,SiO2,CaO,TiO2,REO etc. Each it alumina production create about 0.8-1.5red mud. The cumulative stack stock to reach 2 tons. Red mud amount storage, not only occupy the land and waste of resources, but also easy to cause environmental pollution and potential safety hazard.

In order to recycle iron in red mud，and solve the problems that red mud po llutes the environment and occupies large areas of land，the processes of extracting iron oxide from wast red mud with hydrochloric acid is investigated by studying the influences of baking of red mud，liquid - solid ratio of hydrochloric acid to red mud，the concentration of hydrochloric acid，reaction time，reaction temperature，ways of extracting on the leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide. The results showed that the red mud does not need to be baked. The leaching ratios of iron oxide reach 98.39% respectively under the conditions that the liquid- so lid ratio of hydrochloric acid to red mud is 5∶1, the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 7 m o l/L, the reaction time is 60 minutes, the reaction temperature is about 100 ℃, and the way of extracting is two - step extracting.

Key words:high—iron-content red mud，; iron oxide; leaching ratio

目录

摘要 (1)

Abstract (2)

1. 绪论 (4)

1.1 铁的性质及应用 (4)

1.2 铁矿石资源概况及分布 (5)

1.3 赤泥中铁的回收工艺 (7)

1.3.1 焙烧法 (8)

1.3.2 溶剂萃取法 (8)

1.4 赤泥的性质及利用现状 (9)

1.7 赤泥生产铁的意义 (12)

2. 实验部分 (13)

2.1试验仪器和试剂 (13)

2.1.1试验主要仪器 (13)

2.1.2 试验中主要试剂 (13)

2.1.3赤泥浸出 (14)

2.1.4赤泥渣的物相分析 (15)

2.1.5 赤泥渣的差热分析 (16)

2.1.6粒度分析测试 (16)

2.2试验分析方法 (17)

2.2.1 铁的测定 (17)

3.试验方案 (19)

3.1.1验装置图 (21)

4结果与讨论 (22)

4.1 盐酸与赤泥的液固比对氧化铁浸出率的影响 (22)

4.2 盐酸的浓度对氧化铁浸出率的影响 (22)

4.3 酸浸温度对氧化铁和氧化铝浸出率的影响 (23)

4.4 酸浸时间对氧化铁浸出率的影响 (23)

结论 (24)

参考文献 (25)

致谢 (27)

外文原文................................................................................................................................. 28-33翻译......................................................................................................................................... 34-42