高考英语阅读理解之词义猜测题策略与技巧课件(共20张PPT)
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2020高考英语阅读理解 之
词义猜测题策略与技巧
Strategies and Techniques for Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases While Reading
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求:
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以 及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能:
1. 理解主旨要义; 2. 理解文中具体信息; 3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义; 4. 做出判读和推理; 5. 理解文章的基本结构 6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
全国卷I 全国卷II 全国卷III
2019年
1 单词 stumble
2 代词I 短语 tug at the heartstrings
1 短语 taking on
2018年
1 单词 dominant
1 单词 juicer
1 句子 More is more
2017年
2 代词 that; 短语 the water catcher
2 代词 that; 句子 the table are
turned.
1 单词 displaced
词句猜测题包括:词义猜测、代词指代和句意猜测题。
2 反义关系
猜一猜: 1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His
brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest. 傲慢的;高傲的
2.I tried hard not to make serious mistakes, but I slipped up.
B. A vain hope D. A selfish desire
1 下定义 2 定语从句
二、解释说明法 3 同位语 (Explanation)
4 举例
5 来自百度文库点符号
1 下定义 2 定语从句 3 同位语
下定义: is, mean, refer to, namely 等后的内容是对前面解释说明
或由that is (to say), in other words,to put it another way引出
Orleans
Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so
it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
A. A practical idea. C. A brilliant plan.
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知生词的意思。常见信 号词:and, or, also, as …as,just as, similarly等
一些具体的解释性的短语解释生词
定语从句:定语从句修饰和限定了先行词的内容和范畴
同位语: 同位语是对其前的内容进行解释说明
猜一猜:
哑剧
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits
学习目标(learning aims):
1.根据逻辑关系(同义或近义关系等),解释说明(下定义,定 语从句等),构词法(合成,派生等),文化常识等方法进行猜 测词义。 2. 能够把握代词指代所在的段落或前文表达的含义,抓住关键词 或关键句,理清逻辑关系,进而推断代词的指代内容。 3. 能够对原句进行语法或语义上的准确分析,结合原文意义对划 线句子做出合理的推理和判断,从而来进行句意猜测。
1 同义或近义关系
一、逻辑关系猜词义 2 反义关系
Logical Relation
3 因果关系
1 同义或近义关系
猜一猜
1.Mr. Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious. 健谈的
对点真题:
2. Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others
out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks. 变戏法的人
do double . They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who
are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. (2017.全国卷Ⅱ.D)
consequently, therefore, hence, owing to, thanks to, on account of, result in,
accordingly, so…that等。
对点真题:One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
原因
eating
quality
is
出差错,疏忽
利用表对比或转折的信号词,然后根据反义词线索猜测词义。 常见信号词/词组有: but,yet,despite , however,while,on the other hand,on the contrary,in contrast ,instead 等
3 因果关系
利用因果关系猜词义,常见的词或短语: since, as, because, for, so, thus,
词义猜测题策略与技巧
Strategies and Techniques for Guessing the Meanings of Words or Phrases While Reading
高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求:
要求考生读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以 及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能:
1. 理解主旨要义; 2. 理解文中具体信息; 3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义; 4. 做出判读和推理; 5. 理解文章的基本结构 6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
全国卷I 全国卷II 全国卷III
2019年
1 单词 stumble
2 代词I 短语 tug at the heartstrings
1 短语 taking on
2018年
1 单词 dominant
1 单词 juicer
1 句子 More is more
2017年
2 代词 that; 短语 the water catcher
2 代词 that; 句子 the table are
turned.
1 单词 displaced
词句猜测题包括:词义猜测、代词指代和句意猜测题。
2 反义关系
猜一猜: 1.Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His
brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest. 傲慢的;高傲的
2.I tried hard not to make serious mistakes, but I slipped up.
B. A vain hope D. A selfish desire
1 下定义 2 定语从句
二、解释说明法 3 同位语 (Explanation)
4 举例
5 来自百度文库点符号
1 下定义 2 定语从句 3 同位语
下定义: is, mean, refer to, namely 等后的内容是对前面解释说明
或由that is (to say), in other words,to put it another way引出
Orleans
Reinette, but you'll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so
it's a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it.
A. A practical idea. C. A brilliant plan.
A. The attackers get attacked.
B. The insects gather under the table.
C. The plants get ready to fight back. D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.
利用上下文中出现的同义或近义的单词或短语推知生词的意思。常见信 号词:and, or, also, as …as,just as, similarly等
一些具体的解释性的短语解释生词
定语从句:定语从句修饰和限定了先行词的内容和范畴
同位语: 同位语是对其前的内容进行解释说明
猜一猜:
哑剧
1.Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken.
2.He was a prestidigitator who entertained the children by pulling rabbits
学习目标(learning aims):
1.根据逻辑关系(同义或近义关系等),解释说明(下定义,定 语从句等),构词法(合成,派生等),文化常识等方法进行猜 测词义。 2. 能够把握代词指代所在的段落或前文表达的含义,抓住关键词 或关键句,理清逻辑关系,进而推断代词的指代内容。 3. 能够对原句进行语法或语义上的准确分析,结合原文意义对划 线句子做出合理的推理和判断,从而来进行句意猜测。
1 同义或近义关系
一、逻辑关系猜词义 2 反义关系
Logical Relation
3 因果关系
1 同义或近义关系
猜一猜
1.Mr. Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious. 健谈的
对点真题:
2. Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others
out of hats, swallowing fire, and other similar tricks. 变戏法的人
do double . They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who
are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. (2017.全国卷Ⅱ.D)
consequently, therefore, hence, owing to, thanks to, on account of, result in,
accordingly, so…that等。
对点真题:One
of
the
very
best
varieties
for
原因
eating
quality
is
出差错,疏忽
利用表对比或转折的信号词,然后根据反义词线索猜测词义。 常见信号词/词组有: but,yet,despite , however,while,on the other hand,on the contrary,in contrast ,instead 等
3 因果关系
利用因果关系猜词义,常见的词或短语: since, as, because, for, so, thus,