动词的时和体I

2. 表示现在 1) eg: Did you want anything else? 表示委婉等感情色彩 2) eg: I didn’t know you were here. 保持时态一致 3) eg: I wish you helped me. 表示主观设想 3. 表示将来 eg: In the future, it will be glorious for a man to say that I died here like a hero.
III. present progressive tense
表现在 ① I live here. I’m living here. 现在时表示长久，进行时表示暂时。 ② eg： I’m missing you so much. 表示生动，亲切等感情色彩。 ③ eg: You are always forgetting to return my book. 与 always， continually ，constantly， for ever 等连用表示不满。 一般现在时不带感情色彩
Lecture 11
动词的时和体I
Teaching Content
1
.simple present tense 2 .simple past tense 3 .present progressive tense
I. simple present tense
1. 表现在 ① eg: Knowledge is power. Time and tide wait for no man. 表不受时限的客观存在,包括真理、格言 等。 ② eg: I usually get up at 6 o’clock. 表习惯动作,常和always, often, usually 等表频度副词连用。
2. 表将来 ① eg: I hope you have a good dream. 在I hope/ bet + (that) + present tense中。 ② eg: I will make sure (that) you are happy. 在see (to it) /make sure /make certain + that clause中。 ③ eg: If it is fine tomorrow, we will go shopping. 在if/when引导的条件分句和时间分句中。
3. 表过去 ① eg: What are you talking about? 表示刚刚过去，离现在较近。 ② eg: I’m hoping / wondering you can give us some advice. 表示婉转口气。
IV past progressive tense
1. 表过去 2. 表现在 3. 与一般过去时比较 1) I was reading a novel yesterday. I read a novel yesterday. 2) It was raining all night. It rained all night. 3) I broke a glass while I was cooking the dinner. 4) When we arrived, she was making some coffee. When we arrived, she made some coffee.
eg: Final victory is ours. The future is bright. 抽象的谈未来，时间概念弱 ⑤ eg: Why don’t you try again? Why don’t you +现在时 ⑥ eg: The train leaves at nine 表示离现在近的将来，已安排好的动作
1.
⑤ 短暂动词用进行时表动作重复 eg: Somebody is knocking at the door. ⑥ 静态动词用进行时，意思变化 eg: He is being fool. ⑦ 表动作开始或结束的状态 eg: The sun is setting. He is dying.
2. 表将来 1) eg I go. I’m going. 表示离现在较近的将来，但语气不如一般 现在时肯定。 2) 用在某些时间状语分句和条件状语分句中 eg: When you are talking with him, take care not to mention this. 3) eg: I am joining the army when I grow up. 表离现在较远的将来
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu The End!
④
3. 表过去 ① eg: Don’t say this. You frightened me. What wind blows you here? 表示离现在较近的过去 ② eg: That is long, long ago. 表示离现在较远的过去 ③ 历史性现在时 ④ eg: The story is set in the spring of 1934. 介绍书籍，电影情节 ⑤ eg: Darwin thinks that natural selection… 表示死者言行仍有影响
In
his plays Shakespeare ___ his characters live through their language.(08- 63.) A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes
II. Simple past tense
1. 表示过去 eg: Tom went to Shanghai yesterday. 与现在没有关系 也可以与today, this week / month等 连用 eg: Did you see him today?
③


eg: She is a kind person. 表现时状态,有一定的持续性，只适用于 静态动词。 eg: Henry passes the ball to Jennings. 表现在瞬间动作，适用于表示短暂动作 的动态动词。多用在体育报道、戏法表 演的解说词等。
补充
eg: Now, look, I open _____ the door. 表示示范动作。 begin to study lesson11. eg: Today we ______ 表示宣布或声明。 becomes serious. eg: The affair _________ 表示报道一件事。 is unusual. eg: I say, it ____ 实际动作未完成，但是说话人心理上已经完 成。