浅谈绿色壁垒对我国出口贸易及产业结构的影响

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专科毕业大作业

题 目：浅谈绿色壁垒对我国出口贸易及产业结构的影响 站 点： 湖北宜昌

指导教师：

学 号：

专 业： 国际经济与贸易

年 级： 2012

姓 名：

2014年 1月

专科毕业大作业诚信承诺书

本人郑重承诺网络教育高升专科层次专业的毕业论文《浅谈绿色壁垒对我国出口贸易及产业机构的影响》的主要观点和思想系本人独立思考完成，并在此申明我愿承担与上述承诺相违背的事实所引起的一切消极后果。

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签名：

2014年4月 16日

浅谈绿色壁垒对我国出口贸易及产业机构

的影响

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4 摘要

最近几年，随着经济全球化和国际贸易的发展，绿色贸易壁垒成已经为国际

贸易保护主义的主要趋势并且正受到各国的关注。目前，我国许多产品正深受绿

色壁垒的影响，尤其是在农业、纺织业、机电、儿童玩具等方面。怎样突破其他

国家的绿色壁垒，以及如何利用绿色壁垒提升我国工、农业的国际竞争力，有着

重要意义。

本文是理论研究和实证研究相结合。分为五个部分：第一部分主要对该领域

的相关研究进行了一个文献综述；第二部分对绿色贸易壁垒的定义及其表现形式

作了简要介绍；并分析了我国在国际贸易中遭遇绿色壁垒的内外部原因；第三部

分是本文的核心部分，利用博弈论和微观经济学中的消费-需求理论分析了绿色

贸易壁垒对我国出口贸易的影响；第四部分列举了绿色壁垒对一些具体出口行业

的影响的例子，对绿色贸易壁垒的效应进行了实证分析；最后一部分是结论和建

议。

本文得出的结论是：绿色贸易壁垒是一把双刃剑，从表面上看，绿色壁垒会

降低我国出口数额，削弱我国产品出口的竞争力，破坏我国社会福利等；但从长

远看来，绿色壁垒也有好的一面：它对我国出口企业的技术进步和产业升级有一

定的促进作用。针对以上原因分析，和具体实证分析，笔者从政府和企业两个层

面提出了应对绿色贸易壁垒的具体建议。应对绿色壁垒，政府需要做到以下几点： 第一，制定和完善绿色环保的相关的法律，规范企业行为；第二，加强对贸易伙

伴的绿色法规、标准、认证体系的研究；第三，提高我国在国际贸易环境与贸易

相关规则制定的作用；第四，制定绿色产品开发的优惠政策，优化出口产品结构；

第五，运用 WTO 争端解决机制，冲破绿色贸易壁垒。企业层面应做到：第一，

积极主动地了解有关贸易国的绿色壁垒动态，及时预防；第二，树立绿色营销理

念；第三，追求技术创新，实现产业升级；第四，通过对外投资，跨越绿色壁垒。

关键词：绿色贸易壁垒 出口贸易 影响 对策

5 Abstract

The Green Trade Barrie (GTB) has become the major character of the International. Trade Protectionism and attracted many countries’ attention in recent years due to the economic globalization and international trade development. Now China is facing severe impact of the GTB in many kinds of Products, especially in the agriculture ，textile ，home electronic machines and toy Products. How to break through GTB of other countries as well as how to use the GTB to Promote international competitiveness of Chinese industry and agriculture is something that has great value. This essay was made up of five parts. The first part introduced the definition and properties of green trade barriers. The Second part explained reasons why we are suffering green trade barrier, and analyzed the trend of green trade barrier. Then, in the core part of this essay, the author applied Game Theory and related microeconomic theories, to explain the Green Trade Barrier’s effect on our country’s exports. Some specified industries are listed out in the fourth part to illustrate the green barrier’s negative im pacts. In the last part, the author came to the conclusion that green barrier is also a double-edged sword. Green trade barriers will damage our country’s terms of trade in export, while at the same time, it helps to promote the technological progress and industrial upgrading of related enterprises in our country. In the end, the author put forward strategies to cope with foreign green trade barriers from the perspectives of government and enterprises. The government should take the following active

attitude and feasible countermeasures to stride over the

green trade barrier: Firstly, establish and perfect environment protection related laws to inspect our enterprises. Secondly, learn the green trade regulations, standards and authentication systems of our main trade partners. Thirdly, try to improve our role in making laws and regulations about international trade, so as to win over an equal status with other developed countries;. Fourthly, carry out preferential policies for green product development, to optimize our output structure. Fifthly, make the most use of WTO dispute settlement mechanism to break through the green trade barrier. While the enterprises may proactively learn about the trend of green trade barrier and timely prevent potential risks.

They should also build green marketing ideas, and pursuit technological innovation, to realize industrial upgrading. Last but not the least, our enterprises can also stride over the green trade barrier by investing abroad.

Key Words : Green Trade Barriers International Trade Export Impact Strategies