中西文化专题期末资料简答题答案

1.How do you understand culture?

“Culture is a system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviours, and artifacts that the members of a society use to cope with their world and with one another, and that are transmitted from generation to generation through learning.”

（Culture is man’s “second nature”; Air to man; water to fish；

Culture is beneath awareness in the sense that no one bothers to verbalize it, yet it forms the roots of action）

2.What is culture shock?

We might almost call culture shock an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These cues which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, customs, or norms are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and are as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept.

3.Do you know a fluent fool?

To know another’s language and not his culture is a very way to make a fluent fool of

one’s self. Like learning how to drive a car by studying a drivers manual and never getti ng behind a steering wheel.

4.What do you know about a religion in the world?

Buddhist is a religion to about 300million people around the w orld.it has its origins about 2500years ago when siddhartha gotama, known as the buddha，was himself awakend at the age of 35.Four Noble Truths :To live is to suffer. (苦)The cause of suffering is self-centered desire and attachments. (集)Suffering ends when one is freed from desire. This is achieved by eliminating all delusion, thereby reaching a liberated state of Enlightenment (Nirvana) (灭)The way to Nirvana is through the “Eight-Fold Path.”(道)to lead a moral life ;to be mindful and aware of thoughts and actions;

to develop wisdom and understanding

5.Do you know any Greek myth?

6.Can you list some etiquette during a western dinner?

Y our napkin should be placed on your lap shortly after you are seated and kept on your

lap at all times during the meal. Do not tuck your napkin under your chin.

The fork is held in the left hand, tines facing down. The knife is held in the right hand. After cutting the food, the knife is laid down and the fork is switched to the right hand to eat the cut food. Continental style (where the fork stays in the left hand to eat the cut food) is perfectly acceptable. At a dinner party, never begin eating until everyone is served and your hosts have begun. Offer food or drink to others before helping yourself.

7.Can you introduce one of Chinese traditional festival?

The Dragon Boat Festival, the 5th day of the 5th lunar month, has had a history of more t han 2,000 years. It is usually in June in the Gregorian calendar. Dragon boat racing is an i ndispensable part of the festival, held all over the country. As the gun is fired, people will see racers in dragon-shaped canoes pulling the oars harmoniously and hurriedly, accompa nied by rapid drums, speeding toward their destination. Folk tales say the game originates from the activities of seeking Qu Yuan's body, but experts, after painstaking and meticulo us research, conclude that dragon boat racing is a semi-religious, semi-entertaining progra m from the Warring States Period (475-221 BC). In the following thousands of years, the game spread to Japan, Vietnam and Britain as well as China's Taiwan and Hong Kong. No w dragon boat racing has developed into an aquatic sports item which features both Chine se tradition and modern sporting spirit. In 1980, it was listed into the state sports competit ion programs and has since been held every year. The award is called "Qu Yuan Cup."

8.Do you know some phrases about color in English?

a white soul 纯洁的心灵white lie 善意的谎言white dream 不眠之夜

white man 善良的人black market 黑市black list 黑名单black dog 忘恩负义的人black sheep 害群之马black tea 红茶green eyes 嫉妒,眼红green girl 新手,黄毛丫头a yellow dog 卑鄙无耻的小人brown sugar 红糖black tea 红茶in the pink 振作起来pink tread 上流社会的活动

9.Can you briefly introduce the history of western architecture?

10.What western festival is most popular in China and why?

11.How well do you know your chopstick etiquette?

一忌敲筷二忌掷筷四忌插筷五忌挥筷六忌舞筷

12.Why are we called “the descendants of Y an and Huang”?