背景知识产权和前景知识产权
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Sometimes though, the buyer will want the right to the manufacturer’s Background IP to manufacture the product itself upon termination of the contract. This is a very rough end-run around an IP Escrow Agreement. Also, buyers may insert language into the contract giving it rights to create derivative works of the IP. Manufacturers should be vigilant to protect against giving rights such as these away. These IP rights are in addition to the intended use of the product. Generally, if a buyer wants rights to IP that are in addition to the intended use of the product, they must pay a premium for these.
以此为出发点，双方会对彼此拥有的背景知识产权的使用和归属问题进行谈判。通常来说，任何一方都不会将自己的背景知识产权转让给对方。买方会将背景知识产权部分授权给生产方使用，以便生产方生产所需产品，而生产方也只会在为实现产品的使用功能所必需的范围内，将自己的背景知识产权授予给买方有限使用。
From this starting point, the parties will negotiate what rights they have to this Background IP. Usually, neither party gives the other party any of its Background IP. The manufacturer has limited use of the buyer’s Background IP to make the buyer’s product, and the buyer has limited use of the manufacturer’s Background IP only to the extent the use is connected with the product being used as intended. That’s it.
合作开始前，双方会以自己原本拥有的知识产权作为筹码进行谈判。此时，生产方至少拥有两方面的知识产权：他获得授权可以使用的IP，以及他自己独立开发获得的IP。有时候，买方也会拥有一些与实现产品技术方案相关的知识产权。所有这些可被统称为“背景知识产权”，即BackgroundIntellectualProperty。
一旦合同双方开始业务合作，新的智力成果就会产生。例如:1)生产方改进了产品；2）买方与生产方签订了创造新产品的合同，尤其是对于买方，以及/或者3）生产方恰好拥有一项基础性产品，可被适用于买方的技术方案。这些在双方开始业务合作以后而诞生出的新的智力成果，就是我们所称的“前景知识产权”，即ForegroundIP。
In commercial transactions, especially high-tech commercial transactions, there is usually a section of the parties’ contract devoted to what IP rights the buyer obtains in the deal. Most of the time, the rights are limited to use of the IP in the product, as the product is intended to be used. However, standard contracts from buyers are increasingly trying to expand their rights.
To begin with, the parties will come to the bargaining table with their own IP. At the very least, the manufacturer will have IP it can use, and/or has independently developed. Sometimes the buyer will have its own IP often related to implementing its product specifications. This is known as “Background Intellectual Property,” or “Background IP.”
背景知识产权和前景知识产权
BackgroundIPandForegroundIP背Baidu Nhomakorabea知识产权和前景知识产权：定义、使用范围和规则
在商业交易中，尤其是高科技行业，合同双方常常专注于知识产权权利归属问题、互不相让。讨论的核心在于买方在本次交易中到底能获得多少知识产权权利/许可，大多数时候，作为买方，只会在使用产品必须的范围内获得专利许可。然而，近年来，买方所提供的标准合同文本，有扩张其知识产权权利的趋势。
然而，有的时候，买方会希望获得生产方的背景IP， 以便在合同结束后依然能够由自己合法生产所需产品。在IP托管协议中，这属于较为“粗糙”的一种规避伎俩。有时候，买方还会在合同中加入条款，确保自己有权获得衍生作品的知识产权权利。生产方应当对这些条款保持警惕。这些知识产权规定超出了使用产品所需要的范围。总而言之，如果一个买家在使用产品所必需的范围之外，希望获得知识产权权利，那么他必须为此支付额外的费用。
以此为出发点，双方会对彼此拥有的背景知识产权的使用和归属问题进行谈判。通常来说，任何一方都不会将自己的背景知识产权转让给对方。买方会将背景知识产权部分授权给生产方使用，以便生产方生产所需产品，而生产方也只会在为实现产品的使用功能所必需的范围内，将自己的背景知识产权授予给买方有限使用。
From this starting point, the parties will negotiate what rights they have to this Background IP. Usually, neither party gives the other party any of its Background IP. The manufacturer has limited use of the buyer’s Background IP to make the buyer’s product, and the buyer has limited use of the manufacturer’s Background IP only to the extent the use is connected with the product being used as intended. That’s it.
合作开始前，双方会以自己原本拥有的知识产权作为筹码进行谈判。此时，生产方至少拥有两方面的知识产权：他获得授权可以使用的IP，以及他自己独立开发获得的IP。有时候，买方也会拥有一些与实现产品技术方案相关的知识产权。所有这些可被统称为“背景知识产权”，即BackgroundIntellectualProperty。
一旦合同双方开始业务合作，新的智力成果就会产生。例如:1)生产方改进了产品；2）买方与生产方签订了创造新产品的合同，尤其是对于买方，以及/或者3）生产方恰好拥有一项基础性产品，可被适用于买方的技术方案。这些在双方开始业务合作以后而诞生出的新的智力成果，就是我们所称的“前景知识产权”，即ForegroundIP。
In commercial transactions, especially high-tech commercial transactions, there is usually a section of the parties’ contract devoted to what IP rights the buyer obtains in the deal. Most of the time, the rights are limited to use of the IP in the product, as the product is intended to be used. However, standard contracts from buyers are increasingly trying to expand their rights.
To begin with, the parties will come to the bargaining table with their own IP. At the very least, the manufacturer will have IP it can use, and/or has independently developed. Sometimes the buyer will have its own IP often related to implementing its product specifications. This is known as “Background Intellectual Property,” or “Background IP.”
背景知识产权和前景知识产权
BackgroundIPandForegroundIP背Baidu Nhomakorabea知识产权和前景知识产权：定义、使用范围和规则
在商业交易中，尤其是高科技行业，合同双方常常专注于知识产权权利归属问题、互不相让。讨论的核心在于买方在本次交易中到底能获得多少知识产权权利/许可，大多数时候，作为买方，只会在使用产品必须的范围内获得专利许可。然而，近年来，买方所提供的标准合同文本，有扩张其知识产权权利的趋势。
然而，有的时候，买方会希望获得生产方的背景IP， 以便在合同结束后依然能够由自己合法生产所需产品。在IP托管协议中，这属于较为“粗糙”的一种规避伎俩。有时候，买方还会在合同中加入条款，确保自己有权获得衍生作品的知识产权权利。生产方应当对这些条款保持警惕。这些知识产权规定超出了使用产品所需要的范围。总而言之，如果一个买家在使用产品所必需的范围之外，希望获得知识产权权利，那么他必须为此支付额外的费用。