1-英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--从句
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原因状语从句
• Because, since, as和for
• because语气最强,强调原因。回答 “why”问句。表原因的强调句型中,也只 用because。在“not…but…”结构中, 也用它。
• e.g. He decided to give up the chance of going abroad, not because he did not want to but because his wife was ill.
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注意事项
• 3. It + be + 时间 + before-clause • 这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如:
long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ,主句中的谓语动词 用肯定式,意为"过多长时间才......"。 • 主句的谓语动词是否定式时,意为"没过多长时间 就......"。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时 will be;用was 时,before从句的动词用一般 过去时;用will be 时,before从句常用一般现 在时。 例如:
• A before B until C since D when
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真题
• 60. The couple had no sooner got to the station ____ the coach left. (2009)
• A. when B. as C. until D. than • 56. I enjoyed myself so much ___
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题型 年份
从属 虚拟 分句 语气
非谓 语动 词
代词
动词 时态
情态 动词
形容 词/ 副词
句子 主谓 成分 一致 结构
反意 限定 倒装 疑问 词 省略 句
2001 4
1
2
1
2002 5
2
1
1
1
2003 6
3
1
2004 4
3
2
2005 2
2
2
4
3
1
2006 3
3
1
1
1
1
2
2007 3
4
2
3
1
1
2008 6
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条件状语从句—注意事项
• 如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时表示。 例如:
• As long as I live, I shall work hard. • I shall not go to the cinema unless I
finish my homework. • In the event that our team wins, there
they heard the alarm.
• A. promptly B. presently
• C. quickly
D. directly
• I will telephone you directly/ immediately/ instantly/the moment I hear the news.
它可以独立使用,用来表示由于客观条件限制,
为某事不大可能或完全不可能实现而感到惋惜 或遗憾的复杂心情,常用虚拟语气。例如:
• If only I were as clever as you!要是我像你一样 聪明该多好啊!
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注意
• Only if置于句首,需要倒装 • If only用于虚拟语气,谓语动词用一般过
论将来的事情,往往用一般现在时来代替 一般将来时,用一般过去时替代过去将来 时。
I won’t have dinner until my mother comes back.
I will discuss this with you when we meet.
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• 2) 用于完成时态:by the time, it is the first/second time, hardly…when,no sooner…than,scarcely…when, now that, since, ever since
C. Should, will D. Unless, would
• CA
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真题
• 3. You won‘t get a loan __ you can offer some security. (1996--41)
• A. lest
B. in case
• C. unless
• A. ever since
B. in that
• C. at that
D. so that
• A. you are convenient • B. you will be convenient • C. it is convenient to you • D. it will be convenient to you
c
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条件状语从句
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条件状语从句
• 常用if,unless(除非,如果不), as/so long as只要, only if, once, on condition that (条件是), provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing (that) (多用于 问句),assuming (that), in the event (that), in case (that), given (that)等。
• A. on occasion
B. on purpose
• C. on condition
D. only if
• 2.____ both sides accept the agreement ____ a lasting peace be established in this region. A. Only if, will B. If only, would
• I had hardly got home when it began to rain.
• Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
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注意事项
• 2.特殊时间状语从句
• The police went into action ____
1
2
1
1
1
2009 4
1
2
1
2
2
2010 2
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1 1
1 1 1 1 3
1 1
1 11
11 2
1 11
从句要点
• 从句可分为: • 副词性从句:状语从句包括时间状语从句、
条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从 句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状 语从句、让步状语从句和比较状语从句。 • 形容词性从句:定语从句 • 名词性从句:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、同位语从句
D other than
•C
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原因状语从句
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原因状语从句
• 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有: because, as, since, now (that), seeing (that), for the reason that, in that, considering that。
去时,表示现在没有实现的愿望,用过去完 成时,表示过去没有实现的愿望,常译为 “要是……就好了”
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will be a big celebration.
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Only if vs. if only
• only if 引起的条件状语从句,是一个对“条件”
限制更严的“限制性条件状语从句”,表示 “只有……(才) ;只有在……的时候;唯一的 条件是……”的意思;与if引起的一般条件句相 比,它有一种增强主句语势的作用。例如:
I visited my friends in Paris last year. (2008) A. when B. which C. that D. where • DA
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真题
• 1. Come and see me whenever ______. (1997--48)
英语专业四级考试 词汇语法篇
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语法与词汇
• 1. 考试大纲要求: • 能灵活、正确地运用教学大纲语法结构表一级至四
级的全部内容,掌握大纲规定的基础阶段认知词汇 (5500-6000),并且能正确、熟练地运用其中 3000-4000个单词及其最基本的搭配。 • 测试时间为15分钟,题型为多项选择题,共30道题, 每题有四个选择项,其中50%为词汇、词组和短语 用法题,其余为语法结构题。测试学生运用词汇、 短语、语法结构以及基本语法概念的能力。语法与 词汇项目原始分30分,所占总分比重为15%。
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注意事项
• no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when, 这一结构的时态搭配, no sooner 与hardly/scarcely引导的主句谓 语动词用过去完成时,而than与when从句中谓语 用一般过去时。此外,当把no sooner和 hardly/scarcely提到句首时,就用倒装语序。
first/second time, hardly…when,no sooner…than,scarcely…when, now that, since, ever since
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时间状语从句----常用的连词
• 表示习惯性,经常性“每次”:each time, every time, whenever
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语法与词汇
• 2. 历年考试与考点分析 • 语法部分 • 根据下面分析可以发现,历年英语专业四级
考试语法与词汇部分中的语法试题主要围绕 着10项语法点。其中,考试重点与难点集中 在从属分句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词、代词、 动词时态、情态动词等语法知识点的应用上。
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• It was long/one year before she came home.
• It will not be long before we meet again.
• It was a long time _____ the guards discovered what had happened.
• Only if the case is urgent should you call out the
doctor in the middle of the night. 只有患者情况 紧急时,你才可以在半夜叫医生看病。
• 2. if only引导的条件句,通常用来表示说话人对 某事所寄予的某种强烈愿望,相当于as long as。
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时间状语从句
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时间状语从句----常用的连词
• 表示“当……的时候”:when,while, as, just as, next time (下次),the last time (上次……的时候)
• 表示时间先后:after, before, when • 用于完成时态:by the time, it is the
• 表示“一旦”:as soon as, once • 表示“直到”:the instant, the
moment, the minute, the second, the day, until, till
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时间状语从句---注意事项
1. 时态: 1) 时间状语从句中一般不用将来时,若谈
• since语气弱于because, 其次是as,for 的语气最弱。Since和as往往表达的是人们 所知的或显而易见的原因,强调主句。For 表示一种解释说明。
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原因状语从句 ---真题
• Barry had an advantage over his mother ____ he could speak French. (2001-49)