人教版英语初二上5-8单元知识点及练习题.doc

人教版英语初二上5-8 单元知识点及练习题
知识点提纲： another/other/others/the other/the others;thank you for;who/whom;
Study for...;Keep用法；have to/must/其他情态动词的用法比较;
【重要词组】
baseball game棒球比赛the day after tomorrow后天o从一地方来到另一个地方, 过来
go to the doctor去看病have a piano lesson上钢琴课
have to不得不next time下一次
study for a test准备考试be free有空儿,有时间
【部分词汇用法】
1、do my lessons做功课
have a lesson / have lessons（学生）上课：
give a lesson to sb. / give lessons to sb.（老师）给某人上课：give sb. a lesson给某人一个教训：
The illness taught him a lesson, so he wanted to exercise every day.
2、 another
作形容词：I am still hungry. I want to have another apple.
作代词： I don’ t like this shirt. I want to have a look at（看）another.
from one to another从一个到另一个：
I’ m going hiking from one city to another.
3、 other/ others/another/the other/the others
other作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是“别的,其他”,泛指“其他的（人或物）”。

如： Do you have any other question(s)?
others作代词（复数） , 泛指“另外几个” , “其余的”。

在句中可作主语、宾语。

如：Some say yes, but others say no.
another作代词（单数） , 泛指三个以上不定数目的人或事物中的另一个the other作代词（单数）,表示两者中的另一个人或事物
I have two pens.Oneis red and the other is black.
the others作代词（复数）,特指全体中除去一部分后其余所有的人/ 事物
20 students in our class are English and the others are Chinese.
4、thank you for / thanks for sth/doing sth因而感谢
5、the Whole +名词 / all the +名词所有的
all the apples与the whole apples
all 不与 a / an连用,whole可以
可以说 a whole year, 但不可以说 all a year
6、 who 问作主语的“谁”： Who can open this door?
whom问作宾语的“谁” ：Whom are you looking after?
注：口语中 who 和 whom可以通用； whose 问事物的主人：Whosebook is it?
7、顺便来访一起来m来自
k 回来 n 下来 , 败落（非正式）过访 , 前来
e into being形成,产生t 出来 n 赶快 , 来吧
进来 p 上来 , 出现提出,赶上
【难点】
1、study for表示“ 为而学”的意思,for的后面接study的目的。

We study hard for the people.我们为人们而努力学习。

They want to work hard for better pay.他们为了更好的报酬而努力工作。

That ’s too bad .Maybe another time .太糟了,也许换个时间吧。

或 Maybe next time .也许下一次吧。

2、到我家来
表示从一个地方来到另一个地方。

还有“ 过来”“顺便来访”的意思
3、 keep 保存、保持
（ 1） keep+adj keep quiet
(2) keep+sb/sth+adj
The kettle is used for keeping water warm.热水瓶是用来保持水温的。

(3) keep doing sth
They kept working for another half an hour.他们又继续工作了半个小时。

(4) keep+sb/sth+doing
She kept us waiting for quite some time.她让我们等了好一会儿。

【语法知识聚焦】
1. have to与must的区别“ 必须”
(1)含义和用法上的区别：
have to强调客观上需要做某事,即表示外界条件的需要不得不做某事, 含有“ 形势逼迫”的意味；
must 强调说话者主观上认为必须做某事 , 含有“ 主观判断”的意味 .
My bike was broken on my way to school. I had to walk there.
我的自行车在上学的路上坏了, 我不得不走路去上学。

Wemust learn English well.我们必须学好英语。

（主观上有这种想法。

）
(2)否定式的区别：
have to的否定式意为“ 不必” , must的否定式意为“ 禁止；不允许”。

--- Must I finish the homework now?我必须现在完成作业吗？
--- Yes, you must. (No, you needn ’t / don ’t have to) 是的 , 你必须现在完成。

（不 , 你不必。

）
2、情态动词“have to ”与其他的情态动词（如“can” ,“may”和“should”）
的用法比较：
（1）can、may、should 等没有时态、人称的变化 , 而 have to 有, 它的第三人
称单数为“ has to ”,
He should study hard。

他应该好好学习。

He has to study hard .他不得不好好学习。

（2）这 3 个情态动词在一般疑问句中将它们提前大写 , 在否定句中直接在他
们后边加 not 即可。

（以 can 为例）
Can he go with us ?他能和我们一起去吗？
而“have to ”要加助动词 do , does 或 did 才可能完成其疑问、否定句。

They have to go to the party .→ Do they have to go to the
party ?Yes , they do .→They don’ t have to go to the party .
单项选择
()1 ．— __________ does your party start?—__________ seven thirty．
A ． When： on B． How ；In C． What time ； At D ．Where： About ()2 ．— Thank you for your __________ ．—That’ s all right．
A ． invite
B ． inviting C． to invite D． invitation
()3 ．— __________ the man over there be your Chinese teacher?
— No,it __________ be him ．
A ． Can； mustn ’ t B． May ； can ’ t C． Must； mustn ’ t D ．May ； may not ()4 ．Can you go to the movies __________ Sunday?
A ． in B． on C． at D ．to
()5 ．—— __________．
A ． No,I can ．’t
B ． I think so ．
C． Sure,I’ d love．to D ． I hope I can ．
()6 ．It is __________ cold today ． Please wear more clothes．
A ． too many
B ． much too C． many too D． too much
()7 ．Who can __________ guitar very __________ in your school?
A ． plays；good B． play； well
C． play the； well D． plays the； good
()8 ．This one is too big ． Can you show me __________ one?
A ． another B． other C． the other D ．others
()9 ．— __________? —Yes,please．I ’ d like some tea．
A ． Would you like some drink
B． What about something to drink,tea or coffee
C． What do you think of tea D ．How do you like tea
()10．—
— No ．she can ．’t She has a stomachache．—__________ ．
A ． It doesn’ t matter．B． I ’ m sorry to hear that．
C． It sounds good ．D． That ’ s all right．
()11．—Hey,Dave,can you go to the movies on Saturday? — __________ ．
A ． Sure． I ’ d love ．to
B ．No,I can．’t C．I have to help my mom．
()12．— When do you study for the maths test? — __________．
A ． At six o’ clock
B ．At tomorrow C． On Monday afternoon
()13．— Does he want to __________ Ann’ s birthday party?—Sure,he’ d love．to A．B． C．
()14． Please __________ quiet．I ’ m trying to study．
A ． being B． am C． keep
()15．— Can they go to the concert?—__________．
A ． They think so
B ． Yes,they can C． Yes． they don’ t think so
Unit6 I’m more outgoing than my sister
知识点提纲：重点短语、句型；形容词、副词比较级用法；interest用法;
一、重点短语
1. be good at擅长做某事=do well in
2. thank you for. 因谢谢某人
3. here is/ are. 这儿是
4.as you can see正如你所见
5. in some ways在某些方面
6.look the same看起来一样
7.look different看起来不一样8.enjoy going to parties喜欢参加聚会
enjoy + doing sth
9.有一些共同之处
10. be good with 与相处愉快be good at 擅长做某事
11.like doing the same things 喜欢做同样的事情
12. be different from 与不同 =not the same as
13.make me laugh 使我开心make sb do sth 使某人做某事
14. a little 一点儿 ( 修饰比较级 a little taller than me )
15.both both of + 人称代词 =人称代词 +both We both =both of us
both 用在 be 动词或助动词后 , 实义动词前
We both like her. We are both tall.
16.interest n. 兴趣爱好 , interesting 有趣的 , interested 感兴趣的
be interested in 对感兴趣
17. the same as 与一样18. beat sb 打败某人
19. stop talking 停止谈话stop to do sth 停下来做别的事
stop doing 停止正在进行的动作
20. have good grades 有好的成绩
二、重点句型
1、 in some ways 在某些方面 /in a way/ in one way
by the way 顺便说一下on one ’s way to + 地点名词在去的路上
In this way 用这种方法
2、Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister. 刘英不如她妹妹擅长体育。

be good at 擅长
补充： be good for 对。

有用be good to 对。

和善
not as + 形容词或副词原级 +as 表示：不如 , 双方在某个方面不同。

As+形容词或副词原级 +as 和一样as well as 和... 一样好
3、He always beats me in tennis. 他打网球总是赢我。

beat 过去式 beat. beat sb 打败某人Win + 比赛 , 游戏, 奖品 , 奖金等
4、a good friend likes to do the same things as me. 一个好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情。

the same as与。

一样same 前一定加 the
5、I like to have friends who are like me.我喜欢交和我一样的朋友。

have friends=make friends who are like me定语从句修饰名词friends 6、Holly ’s best friend likes to do the same things as she does.
霍利最好的朋友喜欢和她做一样的事情。

as 后加从句 ,does一定要有
三、重点语法——形容词、副词比较级的基本用法
大多数形容词、副词有三个等级,原级, 比较级,最高级
原级也就是形容词的原形。

当两个事物进行比较时 , 就要用形容词比较级结
构形式为：主语 +谓语（系动词） +形容词比较级 +than + 对比成分
He is taller than me
1.规则变化——单音节和多数双音节的词尾 +er
(1)一般单音节词末尾加-er ,tall---taller long—longer wild---wilder
(2)以不发音的 e 的结尾的单音节词 nice —nicer
(3) 以辅音字母 y 结尾的双音节词 , 去 y 加 ier, happy — happier, heavy — heavier
(4)重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时 , 双写结尾的辅音字母再加 er,big —bigger ,thin---thinner, red—redder
(5)多音节和部分双音节形容词或副词 , 在前面加 more 构成比较级
Important---more important outgoing ---more outgoing
2.不规则变化
Good/well-----better old—older/elder
much/many---more little—less
3. 常见用法
（ 1） as + 形容词或副词原级 +as表两者在某一方面相同
I think science is as important as math.
“not as/so +形容词或副词原形+ as ”表一方在某一方面不及另一方
It is not as/so warm today as yesterday.
(2)形容词或副词的比较级 +than ( 注意：当 than 前后所使用的动词相同时 , 通常用助动词代替后面的动词。

该动词或助动词可以省略）
He works much harder than I (do)./ He works much harder than me.
(3) 可修饰比较级的词
a bit, a little, rather, much, even 等表示程度
She is a little more outgoing than me
(4) 比较级前可以用数词 +名词She is 2 years older than me.
四、易错易混讲解
1. like与as都表示像。

Like介词like +名词或代词
As ①连词 ,后面多接从句All the students do as the teacher says.
②介词 , “作为”后加表示职业 , 职务 , 用途 , 作用之类的名词
As a worker/reporter
2、interest名词“ 兴趣” ,主语为人或物
I have no interest in math.（没兴趣）
及物动词 , 后面加宾语 , 使。

发生兴趣。

主语为人或物 The book interests me.
interesting , 令人感兴趣的 , 作表语主语通常是物 , 也可以作定语 , 可修饰人或物It ’s an interesting book. He is an interesting man.
interested 感兴趣的 , 常用 : 这一结构 , 主语应该是人而不是物。

它可以作定语 , 只修饰人 , 不能修饰物
单项选择 ()1 ．I ’m ___________ outgoing than my sister．
A ． more B． much C． a little
( )2 ．There are some similarities ___________ Liu Li and Liu Ying ．
A ． behind B． between C． before
( )3 ．I think a good friend makes me ___________ ．
A ． laugh B． laughs C． to laugh
( )4 ．Maria is good ___________ sports ．
A ． in B． at C． with
( )5 ．I like to have friends who are ___________ me ．
A ． as B． for C． like
( )6 ．We ___________ like sports,but Ruben is more athletic than me ．
A ． all B． both C． every
( )7 ．Mary ’ s best friend is funnier ___________ she is．
A ． that B． this C． than
( )8 ．She likes to have friends who are ___________ from me ．
A ． different B． difference C． differences
( )9 ．Paul is never ___________ ． He can ’ t stop talking．
A ． quieter B． quiet C． wilder
()1o． We both like doing the ___________ things ．
A ． same B． some C． many
()11．—When did you go to bed last night?
— I didn ’ t go to bed ___________ Iishedfin my homework ．
A ． until B． while C． after D． when
( )12．— What do you do?—I’ m ．
A ． fine B． thirteen C． a student D． do some washing ( )13．— You are not a new member here,are you?
— ___________． I joined only last week ．
A ． Yes,I am．B． No,I am not C． No,I am ． D ．Yes,I am not．
( )14． Days get ___________ in the spring ． There are new leaves on the tree．
A ． cold and long
B ． longer and warmer
C． longer and warm D ． colder and warmer
( )15．— Do you know ___________ I could pass the exam? — Sorry ． I have no idea．
A ． that B． whether C． what D． which
( )16．— ___________ they are brothers,they don ’ t look like．each other
A ． Because B． Though C． When D． As
( )17． I can’ t pay for the dictionary because I have ___________ money with me．
A ． few B． a few C． little D． a little
( )18．— Thanks a lot ___________ us．—Not at all ．
A ． of helping B． for helping C． of help D． for help
( )19．— Are you feeling ___________? — Yes,I ’ m fine now．
A ． any well
B ． any better
C ． quite good D． quite better
( )2o．— What do you think of her talk?
— She ___________ for one hour but didn ’ t ．too much
A ． spoke；speak
B ． spoke；say C．speak； speak D． spoke；said
Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake
知识点提纲：重点短语、句型；可数名词、不可数名词的用法
turn on off cut up
pour into mix up
add to a slice of
how many/how much two teaspoons of
on the top put ..into
make a banana milk shake turkey slices
here ’s a recipe for. roll the pancake
slices of duck =duck slices a cup of
need some help put on
check you have all the ingredients检查一下你有所有的原料
some lettuce一些生菜不可数（bread, butter）
二、重点句型
1.How do you make a banana milk shake?你是怎样制作香蕉奶昔的？
2.Turn on the blender. 打开果汁机。

turn on把（水源、煤气、电源等）打开→反义词：turn off
turn down调大电器（把收音机、电视、灯等）关小, 调低→反义词：turn up
3. cut up切碎cut down减少,降低
cut into sth切开某物cut off切断,停止,切掉
4.Put the bananas and yogurt into the blender. 把香蕉和酸奶倒进搅拌器里。

put into把。

放进put on穿,戴（动作）put off延迟,推迟
put up举手,张贴put down放下
5.Finally mix it all up.最后把所有的东西一起进行搅拌。

finally最后 , 放在句首、句中、句尾at last最后in the end终于
mix up 代词放中间mix it up名词放两边mix up all the ingredients
mix v→ mixture n.混合体,混合
6. need实意动词,有人称,数,和时态的变化。

Need +名词代词\to do \doing
I need some apples.I need to get back to school.
The vegetables need watering.Need doing, 主语通常是物的名词
作情态动词+动词原形
need 作情态动词的疑问句 , 肯定回答用 must
三、重点语法——可数名词与不可数名词
（ 1）可数名词 , 物体的数量可以数。

单数形式在前面加a\an
1. 一般在后面加 s, blender ---blenders teaspoon---teaspoons
2. 以 x,s,ch,sh, 结尾的名词后面加 es,Box —boxes sandwich---sandwiches
3. 以辅音字母 +y, 去 y 变 i 加 es city---cities, family —families
4. 以 f\fe 结尾的名词 , 通常把 f\fe 变为 v, 加 es, wife –wives leaf — leaves
5. 不规则变化 man—men child —children foot —feet tooth — teeth
fish —fish sheep — sheep deer —deer mouse —mice Chinese — Chinese 6. 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes, trousers. glasses
（ 2）不可数名词 , 物体的数量不可数。

通常是物质名词 sauce, yogurt, milk 等
有些物质名词表示不同类别时可以用复数形式（ fruit—fruits vegetable—vegetables）
不可数名词前面不加a, an, 不能用基数词连用 , 但可以用 a little,much, some, a lot of等修饰。

需要计量时 , 可以在前面加量词词组。

数词冠词+量词+of +不可数名词
a slice of bread. a cup of tea a bottle of a piece of a bag of
注意：既可修饰可数名词与不可数名词的词有： a lot of =lots of , some,
any( 用在疑问句或者否定句 )
四、学会描述某种事物的制作过程, 通常用祈使句。

表示步骤的词有： first---next---then--finally
单项选择 ()1 ．__________ yogurt do we need for the milk shake?
A ． How many B． How much C． How D． What
( )2 ．Let ’s __________ fruit salad ．
A ． make B． to make C． makes D． making
( )3 ．— Do you like mayonnaise( 蛋黄酱 ) ? — __________．
A ． I don ’tthink so B． I think so C． Yes,I do D． Yes,I don ’t
( )4 ．Pour the milk __________ the blender ．
A ． in B． into C． on D． at
( )5 ．Here’s a recipe __________ a great turkey sandwich ．
A ． of B． for C． in D． about
( )6 ．Father is __________ the wood in order to make a fire ．
A ． cutting up B． cutting off C． cutting through D ．cutting down
( )7 ．— __________ ？— Yes,please． I’d like some sandwiches．
A ． Who are you B． What are you C． Can I help you D． Can you help me
( )8 ．Without your help,I don ’tknow __________ to do it ．
A ． what B． which C． how D． whom
( )9 ．— __________ are the mushrooms？— Two yuan a kilo ．
A ． How much
B ． How many C． What D． How
( )1o． Don’tforget to __________ the lights before you leave the room ．
A ． turn on B． turn off C． turn down D． turn up
( )11． __________ uncountable nouns are there in Unit Seven?
A ． What many B． How many C． How much D． Which words
( )12． __________ cut up two apples,then put them into the blender． Finally turn on the blender ．
A ． And B． Next C． First D． Then
( )13． You __________ get up so early． But you must go to work on time ．
A ． needn’tto
B ． don’thave toC． may not D． mustn’t ( )14． This is __________ onion and that is __________ beef ．
A ． an； a B． an；／C． a； an D． a；／
( )15． The piece of meat is too large,let ’s cut __________．
Unit 8How was your school trip?
知识点提纲：一般过去时用法；重点词组 , 句型；other/else 比较 ;class 用法 ; 英语中表“看”的词（ watch\see\look\read)
一、本单元主要时态：一般过去时
1、定义 :一般过去时指在过去的某一时刻发生的事情或存在的状态
2、主要时间状语：判断句子是否应使用一般过去时主要看句中所包含的时间状
语。

典型的标示过去的时间状语有： yesterday, yesterday morning, last night, in 1995, three days ago
3、动词过去式变化规则
（ 1）一般在动词原形末尾加–ed look--looked play--played
（ 2）结尾是 e的动词加- d live--lived hope--hoped use--used
（3）末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词 , 先双写这个辅音字母 , 再加— ed stop--stopped plan-planned shop--shopped
（4）结尾是“辅音字母 +y”的动词 , 先变“ y”为“ i ”再加— ed study--studied carry--carried
（5）还有一些特殊变化要特殊记
忆。

二、重点词组
school trip 学校旅行 go to the aquarium 去水族馆by subway 坐地铁see some seals and sharks 看到一些海豹和鲨鱼
hang out （闲逛）with his friends 和朋友闲逛
take photos 拍照buy souvenirs 买纪念品
meet Yao Ming and get his autograph( 亲笔签名 ) 碰到姚明并获得他的亲笔签名
take the bus back to school 坐车回学校what else 其它的什么
have a great time=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心 , 过得愉快lots of =a lot of =many 许多,大量back to 返回
win a prize 获得奖take a class 上课
sleep late 睡懒觉Go for a drive 开车兜风have a yard sale举行庭院售货day off休息
get wet淋湿
三、重点句型语法
1.other与else的区别
Other修饰名词 , 作定语放名词前。

other student ,other things
else为副词 , 修饰不定代词 , 疑问代词或疑问副词 , 放后面。

who else ； what else ；when else ；anything else
2、英语中的“看”
Watch:注视、观看（电视、比赛等）watch a movie watch TV
See ：侧重看的“内容” , 译为看见：see a girl in the room , see him
Look ：侧重看的“动作” , 译为“浏览 , 看” look at the blackboard( 不一定
看到黑板上的内容 )
Read：侧重“读” , read the newspaper(看报)read a book看书
3、class 的用法
A. 课 , 课程an English class take a class上课
B. 班 , 班级Class5 ,Grad 3三年五班
C. 课堂in class在课堂上
D. 全体同学Good morning, class.同学们,上午好！
4、day off休息,休假have a day off休息一天
5、have fun doing sth. 开心 / 在做某事时感到愉快
6、all day一整天=the whole day
7、no one 没有一个人 , 这里的 one 只能指代人 ,
none 既可以指人也可以指物
单项选择 ()1 ．__________ you have a bowl of rice __________ lunch yesterday?
A ． Do； at B． Do； with C ． Did ；for D． Did ； with
()2 ．The whole class __________ a dolphin show three days ago ．
A ． watched B． looked C． found D． saw
()3 ．— __________ does it take you to get to school?
— It usually takes twenty minutes ． But yesterday it __________ me half an hour ．
A ． How far ； takes B． How long ；took
C． How long ； takes D． How often ： took
( )4 ．— When did Liu Fang take these photos? — __________．
A ． Next Wednesday B． Now
C． Last weekend D． Tomorrow
( )5 ．Jane __________ a new dress every month when she was in Shanghai．
A ． wears B． is wearing C． wore D． was wear
( )6 ．He __________ to school about an hour ___________ ．
A ． go；before B． goes； before C． went； before D ． went； ago
( )7 ．We had __________ yesterday．
A ． a lot fun B． a lots fun C． a lot funs D． a lot of fun
( )8 ．He wanted Lucy __________ yesterday ．
A ． came B．C．D．
( )9 ．How did everything __________?
A ． going B． go C．D． came
( )10． It __________ all day the day before yesterday ．
A ． rains B． raining C． to rain D． rained
( )11． What did you do __________ your last school trip?
A ． on B． in C． at D． of
( )12． Thanks for __________ me the good news ．
A ． tell B． tells C． telling D． told
( )13． __________ it rained all day,__________ we didn ’thave a yard sale．
A ． Because； so B．/；/ C．／； because D． Because；／( )14． Oh,you ’ve finished your homework ．When __________ you __________ it?
A ． are； do B． were； do C． did ； do D． do：do
( )15． How was your day __________?
11/12
A ． of B． off C． for D． on
12/12。