人教英语选修7Unit5Grammar(共41张PPT)

评 Example 3
1. This is the house (which/ that) we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。
2. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 这房子很漂亮, 是我们上个月买的。
评
1. 限制性定语从句可以由_关__系__代__词__、 _关__系__副__词___来引导，关系代词作宾 语时可以省略。
2. 非限制性定语从句既可修饰_先__行__词_, 又可修饰_整__个__主__句___, 不可用 that 引 导且关系代词不可以省略。
非限定性定语 从句注意事项
评
which与as引导非限从的异同
She told me she won the match , which was a lie.
The material is elastic, as (was) shown in the figure.
评
3. which做主语时可用各类动词做谓语； 而as后的谓语常用系动词，如be, seem, become等，一般不用其他行为动词。
评
2. 指人时主格用who,宾格用whom His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
I happened to meet Li Hong, whom I didn't recognize at once.
评
3. 表示所属用whose（先行词指人/物） Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today.
导
非限定性定语从句,只是对先 行词做些附加说明,如去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。从句 和主句间用逗号隔开。
His brother, who is 25 years old, is a doctor. 他的哥哥是个医生，现今25岁。
导
导
Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙 (去掉从句, 意义仍然完整: 昨天我碰上李雷了)
Last Sunday he reached Nanjing , where a conference was to be held.
评
5. 介词+关系代词引导非限从 I finished my work ahead of time, after which I went home.
He lost his glasses, without which he can’t see anything.
The room, whose windows face east , is our dormitory.
评
4.关系副词引导非限从 (why要换成for which） I have told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
不止一位姐姐
2. I have a sister, who works in a hospital. 我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。
只有一位姐姐
评
1. 限制性定语从句与_先__行__词__关系密切, 是先行词不可缺少的部分, 如果去掉 它, 主句意思往往不明确。
2. 非限制性定语从句是对_先__行__词__的补 充或说明, 去掉它也不会影响主句的 意思。
He broke the rules again, which was unexpected.
评
5.as 用于表示“如同...那样，按照，正如”，常用 的结构有as we know;as often happens; as is often the case;as we all can see等。这些结构常 放句首，偶尔也可放句中或句末.
He said he had passed the exam , which was untrue. is a beautiful city, _w_h_e_r_e_ people visit the famous West Lake.
2. Alice received an invitation from her boss, _w_h_i_c_h__ came as a surprise.
He saw the girl, which delighted him.
He didn't say anything at the meeting , as/which seemed very strange.
评
4. 如果主句与从句所涉及的意向一致，多用as； 如果不一致，就用which .
She has married again, as was expected.
2. Shanghai, which is in East China, is developing quickly. 当先行词是地名、人名、世界上独一 无二的事物或家庭唯一成员时，通常 只用_非__限__制__性__定__语__从__句__修饰。
评 Example 2
1. I have a sister who / that works in a hospital. 我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。
As is known to all, China is a developing country.
Kate was late for school , as often happened.
评
6.关系代词指代主句中某一个单词时，常用which
My brother enjoyed playing basketball , which he really plays well.
区别
评
限定性
非限定性
译法
译成先行词的定 语: “…的”
通常译成主句 的并列句
1. 作宾语时可省 1. 不可省
关系 2. 可用that
2. 不用that
词 3. 可用who 代 3. 不可用who
替whom
代替whom
Example 1
评
1. His father, who works in Beijing, came back yesterday.
非限制性定语从句的关系词
1. 指人时： 2. 指物时： 3. 指地点时： 4. 指时间时： 5. 指原因时：
思
非限制性定语从句的关系词
1. 指人时： 2. 指物时： 3. 指地点时： 4. 指时间时： 5. 指原因时：
议
非限制性定语从句的关系词
展
1. 指人时：who, whom, whose 2. 指物时：which, as
3. A__s is known to all, he is the best student. 4. The young man had a new girl friend,
8. as“正如…” 常用结构：
评
as we all know 正如我们所知道的
as you say
正如 你所说的
as I can see 正如我所能看到的
as we had expected 正如我们所料
as you may have heard…
正如你可能听到过的那样
as is often the case = as often happens
评
1)He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. 2)He has written ten stories,three of
which are about city life. 3)There are two buildings, the larger
6.表示数量的数词或代词 ＋of
评
which/whom引导非限从
1）表示部分的词：不定代词
all, both, none, neither, either, some,
any, 数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和 百分数)；the +最高级/比较级，
2）表示数目或数量：many, most, few, several等。
一．相同点。 指代主句中的部分或整个句子，在从句中做 主语，宾语或表语，位于主句之后有时可互 换。 The meeting was put off, as /which was exactly what we wanted.
He was a doctor, as/which I knew from his manner.
Beijing , which he was born in, is our capital.
评
7.“介词+关系代词（介宾代物）”中,关系代 词只能用which
The Travel Agency, with which our company has been dealing for several years, has opened for new branches.
of which is a hundred metres high. 4)Many people, some of whom are not overweight, are going on diets.
评
7. since when; from where引导的非限从
since when = and since then自那时起
情况往往如此/这是常有的事
评
as“正如…” 也常用于被动结构： as is expected (正如所料） as has been explained (正如所解释的) as is mentioned above (正如所提到的) as is known to all (众所周知) as is announced/reported (据宣布/报道) as has been pointed out （正如所指出的那样）
from where 从某处
1)He stood at the window, from where we can see the park.
2)The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes.
评
. As we expected, he failed the exam. 正如我所预料的，他考试失败了。 He failed the exam, which we hadn’t expected.
• She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
评
二．不同点
1. as可指其前后主句提到的事实或情况，位 置比较灵活，而which只能位于主句之后。
As is known to all, fish can’t live without water.
Air, as we know, is gas.
评
2.在非限制性从句中，which后的be动词不 可省；而as后的be动词可以省略。
which (指词/整个主句只能位于主句后) as (正如，可位于主句前、中、后) 3. 指地点时：where = prep + which 4. 指时间时：when = prep + which 5. 指原因时：for which （不可用why）
非限定性定 语从句考点
评
1. Which指代表示“物”的先行 词 (不能用that且不可省略) The project, which lasted two years, cost five million dollars.
评
8.从句中的谓语动词是否定形式时，常用which .
He can write a letter in English, which I can not.
Metal will bear being beaten with a hammer, which a stone willl not .
评
9.关系代词代表前面主句中的宾语从句时， 常用which