英语四六级写作讲义

第一部分：五种特殊写作类型的三段论类型一：现象解释型

类型二：问题解决型

类型三：对比观点型

类型四：引语类

类型五：漫画/ 图表类

第二部分：“三八大盖”八种功能段

八大功能段一：现象 / 问题描述功能段

1.In recent years, … is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate.

中文：近年来，……越来越流行。（现象描述功能句）

套用练习

In recent years, Internet is becoming increasingly prevalent at an amazing rate.

2.… has attracted extensive attention of the society, which can be found in TV programs, newspapers, university classes and many aspects of our everyday life.

中文：当今，……得到了社会的广泛关注，并可以在…被发现。（现象描述功能句）

套用练习

Over package has attracted extensive attention of the society, which can be found in TV programs, newspapers, university classes and many aspects of our everyday life.

3.Along with the development of society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of the most serious problems is ……

中文：随着社会的发展，越来越多的问题已经得到关注，其中最严重的是…（问题描述功能句）

套用练习

Along with the development of society, more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of the most serious problem is the shortage of global water.

4.It is generally agreed that the…has been playing an increasingly important role in our life, which has brought us a lot of benefits but has triggered some enormous problems as w ell．One of the serious troubles facing us at present is…（问题描述功能句）

中文：人们一致认为，……已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题。目前，我们面临的严重问题之一是……。

5.There is no denying that … may have quite some bad influences on campus.

中文：毫无疑问，……可能会给校园造成许多不良影响。

6.… brings about some unexpected problems. One problem to note is that …and many complaints are heard among college students.

中文：……带来了意想不到的问题。其中一个问题是……, 同时我们也时常能听到大学生抱怨。

7.…is commonly one part of our life, which has long been under discussion in terms of its necessity/importance in universities.

中文：……是我们生活的一部分，对于我们大学的必要性（重要性）正在被讨论。

plaints about … can often be heard and many college students are dissatisfied with t heir...

中文：常能听到学生抱怨……，并且很多大学生对……不满意。

10.A common phenomenon in colleges today is that students are highly involved in …

中文：如今，大学里一个常见的现象就是学生们……

11.The last decades have witnessed ever-increasing attention paid on…Therefore a question arises: …It is natural that people can never reach the same answer.

中文：数十年来……的关注与日俱增。因此，引起一个问题：……自然，大家众说纷纭。

12.In the past three decades, China has witnessed dramatic improvement in…

中文：在过去的30 年里，中国人的……有了巨大的改善。

套用练习:

It is generally agreed that plastic bags have been playing an increasingly important role in our life, which has brought us a lot of benefits but has triggered some enormous problems as well. One of the serious troubles facing us at present is that the use of plastic bags leads to environmental problems.

八大功能段二：分析原因功能段

1.总原因的阐述

①A number of factors are accountable for this situation.

②A number of factors might contribute to/account for the phenomenon/problem.

③The answer to this problem involves many factors.

④The reasons can be listed as follows.

⑤Here are many reasons explaining/accounting for/contributing to...

⑥The reasons for … mainly lie in the following two aspects.

⑦This argument/situation/ phenomenon/problem can be proved by the following facts.

中文：许多原因导致这个问题、现象。

2.分析原因功能句（由具体原因数量决定）

①One of the most common factors is …

②Another contributing cause is…

③Perhaps the primary reason is …

④But the fundamental element is …

⑤… comes first. The second reason is … Besides, …

中文：第一个原因是……; 第二个原因是……; 第三个原因是……；最后一个原因是……