北京大学研究生英语课件：Lesson 5 The Facts

win虽然常常可以和gain换用，但win具有gain所不 能表达的含义。如：获得者具有有利的品质 --It seemed certain that this would win the prize.这一块 会得奖，这似乎是肯定的了。 earn包含着获得物与所花的气力是相互成比例的 --His achievements earned him respect and admiration. 他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。

Statistics-（与单数动词连用）统计学：搜集、组 织、解释数字数语的数字 （与复数动词连用）数字数据 Journalist-n. 新闻记者, 新闻工作者 (reporter) --accredited journalist 特派新闻记者 --sports journalist 体育记者 --Journalism-n. 新闻学; 新闻业 --Journalistic-adj. 新闻事业的, 新闻工作者的 instruct-vt.教, 教导, 命令, 指示, 通知(command, order) --instruct a class in history给一个班学生上历史课 --instruct sb. in English 教某人英语 --instruct sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事

Reluctantly-adv.不情愿地, 嫌恶地 Reluctant-adj. 不愿意的, 勉强的(同意、答复等) --He was very reluctant to go away.他很不愿意离去。 Originally-adv.最初, 原先 --The book was originally published as ABC. 原书名为 ABC. Original-adj.最初的, 原始的, 独创的, 新颖的 n.原物, 原作 --an original play, not an adaptation.原创剧本，不是改变 而成的 --an original mind.有创造性的思想 Arrest-vt. 逮捕, 扣留(船, 货物等); 吸引, 引起. --arrest sb.'s eye 惹人注目, 引起某人的注意 --The policeman arrested the thief.警察逮捕了小偷。

provide-v. 供应, 供给, 准备, 预防, 规定 provide food and shelter for a family. 为家庭提供食 物和住宿 provide for 提供生活费; 养活 --She provides for her family by working in a hospital. 她靠在医院工作来养家 provide for为...作准备, 防备 --provided for the common defense of the states in time of war. 为战时各国的共同防御作准备 provide with --Sheep provide us with wool. 羊供给我们羊毛。
fax-n. vt.传真 find-找到, 发现 found the hidden leak in the pipe. 在烟斗上找到一个隐藏的缺口 find out- v.找出, 发现, 查明(真相等), 想出, 揭发 --I found out the phone number by looking it up. If you're not sure, find out.通过查找我查到了电话号 码。如果你不肯定，查一查 --Liars risk being found out. 骗子冒有被揭穿的危险 --Most embezzlers are found out in the end.大多数贪污 犯最后都被查出并逮捕归案 Set out-着手：开始一个热切的计划；开始旅程： --He set out to explore why the plan had failed.他开始探 究为什么计划失败了 --She set out at dawn for town.她日出时出发去镇上

secure 表示在竞争对手多而目的物少的情况下的“获取” --Can you secure me two good seats for the concert? 你能为我弄到这场音乐会的两个好座位吗？ acquire虽然含有“努力获得”的意思，但更强调在原来的 基础上自然增长或新的增添 --After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.接到把车开出城的指令后，我的信心增长 了。 gain有obtain的含义，但更强调目的物需要努力奋斗才能得 到，而且这种东西具有价值，特别是物质价值。 --During that time, she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff.在这期间，她得到了我姑姑 如此的信任，结果被委任为家仆的负责人。 --A penny saved is a penny gained.省一文是一文。(谚语)

Meanwhile-(=meantime) n.其间, 其时 --adv.其间 --In the meantime we waited. 我们在这时等待着。 --作为副词meantime 不及 meanwhile 普遍： --Meanwhile we waited. 与此同时，我们等候着。 inform-v. (～ of/about) 通知, 告诉, 获悉, 告知 --He informed me of your decision.他把你的决定告诉了 我。 --be well informed about sth.精通某事; 对某事消息灵通 fail to-不能, 不(做), 忘记; 疏忽 --He failed to come. --He never fails to write to his mother every week.他从来 没有忘记每周给母亲写信。
Lesson 5 The Facts
Vocabulary
editor-编者; 编辑, 校订者, 影片剪辑装置 chief editor (=editor in chief) 主编; 总编辑 editorial-n 社论; adj.编辑上的 extreme-n.极端, 极端的事物 --go from one extreme to the other 从一极端转到另一 极端 --go to extremes (=run to an extreme) 走极端, 采取极端 手段 adj. 极端的：最外的或最远的： --the extreme edge of the field. 原野的尽头 --extreme pleasure; extreme pain. 极度高兴；疼痛之极

Obtain-vt. 获得, 得到,经过计划或努力成功地获得 He obtained a knowledge of Latin. 他学会了拉丁文。 get,obtain,procure,secure,acquire,gain,win,earn这组 动词的一般含义是“得到” obtain包含着“努力”、“希望”或“决意”去获 得某物的意思 Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information.那时平常的人便能运用 它们去获取宝贵的信息。 get是最普遍、使用范围最广的词 --I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.我坐在公共汽车的前部，以得到有利 于观赏农村风光的机会。
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Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. Not only…but …(as well)/ but (also)… --It is not only interesting to study the students’ motivation to learn English, but also very necessary. --Not only is it interesting to study the students’ motivation to learn English, but also very necessary. --I not only heard it, but I saw it as well. --Not only did I hear it, but I saw it as well.







surround,circle,compass,encircle,encompass,environ,g ird,girdle,ring 这些动词共有的中心意义是“四周延 伸并限制每边”： a city surrounded by suburbs 被郊区包围着的城市 a crown circling a king's head 环绕国王头部的皇冠 a mountain peak compassed by fog 雾气缭绕的山峰 a belt encircling her waist 围在她腰部的皮带 a lake that encompasses an island 环绕小岛的湖泊 oases environed by the desert沙漠包围着的绿洲 a castle girded by a moat 护城河围绕的城堡 gardens girdling a bird bath 围绕鸟澡盆的花园 a dinner table ringed with guests. 围坐着客人的餐桌

Lead to-导致, 通向 --a remark that led to further discussion导出进一步讨论的一句话 policies that led to disaster.导致灾难的政策 lead up to: 由一系列步骤导致： --events leading up to the coup导致政变的事件 Surround- v.包围, 环境,围绕 --A wall surrounds the garden. 一座墙围绕着花园。 Surrounding-n.围绕物, 环境 --railway surroundings铁路周围环境 environment-n.环境(周围的状况) --adjust to a new environment适应新的环境 circumstances-n.环境, 详情, 境况 --under no circumstances 无论如何不；决不 --under the circumstances 或in the circumstances 在这些情况下；情况既然如此 Under the circumstances we had to go with him.

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Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient. --important—unimportant (not important) --patient—impatient (not patient) --legal—illegal (not legal) --regular—irregular (not regular)