英语必修三 名词性从句 课件

同位语从句
1. 为什么叫名词性从句？ _整__个__从__句__相__当_于__一__个__名__词___ 2. 为什么要有名词性从句？
名词能做的成分,从句都能 做
从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多
比较: The man looked around. 那人看了看四周. (名词作主语) That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother.
if, whether “是否”
Whether/if不作成分，if不能位于句首, It is a question. He should get married. Whether he should get married is a question.
wh-词作成分, 引导陈述语序 连接代词：what, who 连接副词：when, where, why, how
common knowledge. That that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于
句首时不能省略。
2. WIhfether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.
if, whether都可表示“是否”, 但if不能引 导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导 位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。
ring. 2). It all depends on whether they will support us . 3). She will give whoever needs help a warm
3. TWhhaatt the professor said is of great importance.
that引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”。
4. Where will the trees be planted has
not been decided.
主语从句
that, whether， wh-词 ➢在从句中不作成分:
that，if，whether “是否” ➢在从句中作成分:
what/who/whom/ which
whatever/ whoever/ whichever
where/when/why/ how 注意：which表示有明确范围的选择
主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用 单数形式。
7. What were your problems a year ago has hanvoew become mine.
has要改为have。主语从句表示复 数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。
8. It was requested that everyone (shoumlda) dmeake a speech at the meeting.
在“It is requested / ordered / suggested + that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气， 即谓语用“should + 动词原形”， should可省略。
主语从句做题思路：
断 始:空格,末:第二个谓语动词之前 句 始:连接词,末:第二个谓语动词之前
➢ 空格在从句内部 that/whether/if what/who/when/where/why/how
first step.
用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种
不同的搭配：
It + be + 形容词 ＋ that从句
It is necessary that… It is important that …. It is obvious that……
有必要… 重要的是… 很明显……
It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
• It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
• It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
二. 主语从句需注意的问题 注 意：
1.“if” 不能引导主语从句，应有 “whether”引导。 2.主语从句中用陈述语序 3.主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。
令人惊奇的是…
It is a fact that……
事实是……
It + 不及物动词 ＋ that从句
It appears that…
似乎…
It happens that ….
碰巧…
It occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……
• 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、 不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时， 谓语动词要用 虚拟语气 “(should) +do”，常用的句型有：
➢ 空格在从句外部 形式主语选 It
宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（ 可以作谓语动词、 介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）
that, whether，if （ that 常可省略） 连词：who, what, which, whoever, whatever
when , where , why ,how 1). Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
2. ___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .
A If
B Whether
C That
D Where
3. It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray.
It is believed that…
人们相信…
It is known to us/all that …. 众所周知…
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
It is a surprise that ….
What Ihte said was none of your business.
It(形式主语)......+that/whether/wh-... It is undoubted.that Taiwan belongs to China. It is a question.whether Hhee should get married. It is not a big deal.who takes the
句中做主、表、宾、定成分)
副词
when-时间,where-地点,why-原因,how-方式…(在从
句中做状语)
注意：所有句子均为陈述语序
学习目标：
1. 掌握主语从句的基本概念； 2. 能从句中找出主语从句； 3. 能够概括出主语从句的引导词；学会根
据句意选择恰当的引导词。
主语从句
在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
that
whether if
主语 从句
不能省 句首 whether
宾语从句 动宾 介宾 可省 禁用
whether 只能 or not whether
Leabharlann Baidu
表语 从句
不能省 只能 whether
同位语从 句
不能省
只能 whether
代词
what-物, whatever, who/whom-人, whoever… (在从
Complete the sentences using what, whether, where,
when， who, why, how or that.
1.(_W__h_a_t is needed for success) is your hard work.
2W.(h_e_n_/_H_o_wthey will arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3.(W__h_e_r_e/wwheewthilelrgo tomorrow )hasn’t been decided yet.
A.whether
B. that
C. what
D. when
4.What I say and think ___ none of your business.
A. is B. are C. has D have
【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处 错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。
1. Light travels faster than sound is
那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望. (从句作主语)
同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质
I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room
我知道他在房间里写作文.
从句的特征:
是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词做从句的一个成分 (that 除外)
4 主语从句中的“主谓一致”：
1）.主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单 数形式.
That they will come __i_s____certain.
2). What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数 由表语的单复数决定.
What he wants __a_r_e__these books. What he wants ___is___some water.
将will置于trees之后。主语从句要 用陈述句语序。
5. NoWmhatoteevrewr ho breaks the rule will be punished.
引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引 导名词性从句时只能用whoever。
6. When and where the meeting will be held still rreemmaaiinns a question.
2. 不含关系词的： 始——（句中）主谓结构 末——第二个谓语动词之前
名词性从句
主语+be+表语
名词
主语+do+宾语
名词
名词性从句
主语从句
宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
主语从句在句中做-----主- 语 宾语从句在句中做----宾--语
表语从句在句中做------ 表语 同位语从句在句中--同---位
That/wh-clause + v +…主语从句 S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句 S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句 S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句
断句方法同定语从句：
1. 含有关系词的： 始——关系词 末——第二个谓语动词之前
7.(__T_h_a_t_ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all.
Conclusion: 主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
1.___ he made an important speech at
the meeting was true.
一 that不作成分, 无翻译，但不能省 It is unfair. Women are treated unequally in some areas. That women are treated unequally in some areas is unfair. It is undoubted. Taiwan belongs to China. That Taiwan belongs to China is undoubted.
4.(W__h_ocan join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.
5.(_W__h_e_th__er_ it will rain or not) is not clear. 6. (W__h__y the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research.
1. That he will come is certain.
语
主语从句
2. I know that he will come.
宾语从句
3. The truth is that I have been there.
表语从句 4. The fact that she was late surprised us.