中考英语动词讲解

[归纳]有些动词后既可跟不定式又可跟 动名词，意义上无多大区别，常用的 有：love , like , hate , prefer , start , intend , continue等。
如：
I intend to finish / finishing the task this morning .
三、考查只跟不定式作宾语的动词
[考题] They decided _______ at the end of this month. A.to leave B.going back C.travel D. not start out
[分析]选A 。decide后跟带to的不定式作宾语。
[归纳]
此类动词教材中常见有 want ,wish,hope,manage, promise,refuse ,pretend ,plan,offer ,decide ,agree ,expect等。 又如： He refused to take any money. 他拒绝收取分文。
四、只接动名词作宾语的动词 [考题]Would you mind ______ a few minutes ? A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting [分析]选D。 mind后只能跟动名词， 不跟不定式。
[归纳]
此类动词教材中常见的有：appreciate , suggest , complete , finish , enjoy , imagine , mind , miss , practice , keep , excuse , avoid ,pardon ,allow等。
如： I appreciate her devoting herself to the cause of education . 我非常钦佩她献身教育的精神。
又如：Do you mind my asking a question ? 我问你一个问题你不会介意吧？
形式主动，意义被动的词常见的有：work , open , close , write , cut , look , teach , operate , run , keep , burn , last等，此类词的主语常为物， 而且还常与表示表示特征、状况、行为、方式的副 词well , easily , long等连用。 如： The clothing sells well . This kind of fruit can keep long .
六、行为动词充当系动词的词
[考题]“We must keep _______ in the library,”the woman said to me _______.
A.quiet ; quietly
C. quietly : quiet
B. quietly ; quietly
D. quiet ; quiet
[分析]选A。keep 是系动词，后跟形容词作表语， 修饰动词said 应用副词。
[归纳]这类动词不能单独构成动词词组，其后 须带有表语（名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定 式、V-ing 、V-ed）构成表语结构。教材中常见的有： feel , sound , taste , look , smell , seem , appear , become , turn , grow , make , go , run , keep , stay等。
又如： We must look into the matter immediately.
我们必须马上调查此事。
The old should learn from the young and keep up with the times . 老年人应向青年人学习，跟上时代发展的步伐。
有些动词后既可跟不定式，又可跟动 名词，但意义上有区别,常用的有forget , remember , mean , stop , try等。
如： I forgot to close the window . 我忘记了要关窗户。 I forgot to closing the window . 我忘记了已关了窗户。
如： I felt sorry to have kept you waiting for me so long. 对不起，让你久等了。
The victory sent our spirits rising. 胜利使得我们情绪高涨。
二、考查不定式作宾补，不定式符号 省略或保留的动词 [考题] （1）、She asked him ______ her up at six o’clock in the morning. A. wake B. to wake C. waking D.woken （2）、Li lei is often made ______a lot of homework at home. A. do B. does C. to do D. doing
A. look up
C. look down
B. look down
D. look out
[分析]选A。 look up在（字/词典里）查找；look down向下看；look over 仔细检查；look out 向外看。
[归纳]
教材中此类动词数量较大。如：act as 充当；believe in 相信；deal with 处理；lead to 导致；refer to 提到； send for 派人前往； die out 灭绝；set off 出发； warm up 暖和起 来； make fun of 取笑； make friends with 与……交朋友；get along with 与……相处； look forward to 期望；do away with 废除等。
五、考查既跟不定式又能跟动名词的动词 [ 考 题 ]Remember ______ your homework here tomorrow .
A. to bring B. to take C. bringing D. taking [分析]选A。remember后既可跟不定式，又可跟 动名词。跟不定式表示：“记住要干某事”，跟 动名词表示“记得干过某事”。
Yesterday Xiao Ming had his hair cut , I hardly recognized him .
八、考查构成固定短语的“短语动词” [考题]If you don’t know a word , you must ______ the word in a dictionary .
源自文库
[分析]选C。“ have + 宾语 + 过去分词（宾补）” 表示“叫某人干某事”。
[归纳]此类动词教材中有：get , keep , have , leave , find , see , notice , hear等。 如： The cheats had the lights burning all night long .
如：
It sounded like a train that was going under my home . 听起来像有火车在我房子下面飞驰而过。 Keep fit , study hard and work well . 身体好，学习好，工作好。
七、既可接现在分词又可接过去分词作 宾语补足语的词 [ 考 题 ]When they walked along the river , they suddenly heard somebody _______ for help. A. called B. to call C. calling D. calls
教学岗位练兵
上杭四中 刘集凤
2005-10-26
对于初中英语学习者来说，动词是 最难学的一个实词类别。纵观历届中考 命题，有关动词的内容占的比例相当大， 它常常与时态、语态，语境交流等诸方 面结合起来进行综合测试。通过研读中 考试题，我们会发现常考的英语动词有 以下一些：
一、“使/让……”概念的动词
[考题]Be careful , Jane. Don’t ______ your hands dirty. A. get [分析]选A。 B. keep C. have D. let
[归纳]这类动词常见的有：have , let , make , get , keep , drive , send , leave , cause等， 它们后边分别可跟不定式、分词、形容词、 介词短语、名词等作宾语补足语。
[分析]
①选B。ask后跟带 to 的不定式作宾补。
②选C。 make之后要求跟省略to 的不 定式作宾补。注意：变成被动语态时不 定式符号to 要补上。
[归纳] 常见的带to的不定式作宾补的动词有： ask,tell,want,would like,wish,like,teach等； 省略to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：see,watch, hear,feel,notice,listen to,look at 等感官动词及表示 使役概念的have,let,make等。这类动词在变为被动 语态时，其后的不定式符号 to需补上。