人类学 Anthropology

Cultural Institution Monogamy not the preferred type of marriage in majority of societies
CULTURE


Learned values, beliefs, rules of conduct shared to some extent by the members of society, that govern their behavior with one another and their thinking about themselves and the world. Everything that people have, think, and do as members of a society All cultures are comprised of material objects; ideas, values, attitudes and patterned ways of behaving.
COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE



Anthropology is basically comparative bases its findings on cultural data drawn from throughout the world and from throughout human history Collect data about behavior and beliefs in many societies in order the diversity of human cultures Also, to understand common patterns in ways people adapt to their environment, adjust to their neighbors, and develop cultural institutions
KEY TERMS





SOCIETY CULTURE COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE HOLISTIC PERSPECTIVE ETHNOCENTRISM CULTURAL RELATIVISM GLOBALIZATION
SOCIETY


SHARED GEOGRAPHICAL TERRITORY PEOPLE LIVING IN ORGANIZED GROUPS WITH SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND EXPECTATION OF BEHAVIOR RELATIONS BETWEEN INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS OF INDIVIDUALS
ANTHROPOLOGY
THE STUDY OF HUMANITY FROM ITS EVOLUTIONARY ORIGINS TO TODAY’S CULTURAL DIVERSITY
KEY CONCEPT



CULTURE KNOWLEDGE OF HOW TO ACT AS A MEMBER OF SOCIETY KNOWLEDGE OF EXPECTATIONS KNOWLEDGE OF APPROPRIATE AND WRONGFUL ACTIONS
BENEFITS OF COMPARATIVE VIEW

Challenge commonly held assumptions about human life- ways based solely on European and North American perspective

For Example “Marriage”


View Cultures from holistic perspective Culture as integrated whole. No part of culture can be studied in isolation Study culture means studying the relationship between Things
EXAMPLE OF HOLISM


来自百度文库
Arrangement of Furniture in USA reflects core cultural value of individualism Arrangement of rooms is directly related to marriage and family patterns which in turn related to way Americans earn a living Individual bedrooms reflect value on individualism & consistent with an economy where families are dependent on individual wage earners
ANTHROPOLOGY



FOCUSES ON STUDY OF HUMANS AND ALL ASPECTS OF BEING HUMAN FIELD HAS MANY CONCEPTS AND SUBJECTS IN COMMON WITH OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES KEY CONCEPTS DISTINGUISH ANTHROPOLOGY FROM OTHER SOCIAL SCIENCE DISCIPLINES
UNIQUE SOCIAL SCIENCE





Time Depth Global Focus Comparative Approach Holistic Four Field Approach Core Concept of Culture Globalization
HOLISTIC