世界电影发展历史 英文版PPT

Chaplin and Comedy movies
Charlie Chaplin (1889-1889), a famous master of comedy movies, born in 1889 in London, the United Kingdom, a poor actor family. In 1913, he entered the Hollywood. His film career began. He made more than 80 films in his life. The representatives of his films are the Gold Rush (1925), The City Lights (1931) and Modern Times (1936), The Great Dictator (1940). His film has distinctive artistic features, mainly expressions are in the following aspects:
The practice of montage began in the United States, but Griffith didn't summarize it in theory. Sergei Eisenstein is the first person who did the further study of the montage theory. He is the represent of the former Soviet union film artists. The Battleship Potemkin is Eisenstein’s classic film which use his montage theory. 蒙太奇的实践虽然始于美国，但格里菲斯并未从理论上加以研 究和总结，首先提出并对蒙太奇理论作了深入研究的是以谢尔 盖·爱森斯坦为代表的前苏联电影艺术家。
Fourth, the new realism films just like the documentary which make the film more natural.
French: New Wave
Influenced by the thoughts of western modernism aesthetics, western movie history broken out two times of the modernist movements.
Italian: New Realism Film
After the second world war, in 1945-1951, the new realism film brings a big impact to the world.
New realism films’ features:
影片《战舰波将金号》就是爱森斯坦运用其蒙太奇理论拍摄 的一部经典之作。
The Montage Theory 蒙太奇理论
Montage, it is the film form and composition way, one of the major methods of narration and expression of film. The original of montage is a term of architectural in French. It means component and assembly. Then it was borrowed in the movie clips and combination. Means lens set. In brief, montage is according to the content of the film wants to express, and the audience's order of psychological, shoot many fragments respectively, then set up in accordance with the original conception. In a word, the montage is
Georges Méliès 乔治·梅里爱(法国)
He pioneered shooting film by artificial scenery. This way overcomes the limitation of the movie just as a means of recording and increases the art character for the film. The movie became an art form. His attempts saved the movie. Not only made the audience went back to the cinema and began to look at it as an art.
First, the new realism films obvious reflect society on the content and subject matter. The people stealing a bicycle
Second, the new realism films against fictional plot and artificial dramatic conflicts. It advocate of reflecting the contemporary social problems through the life of ordinary people encounters. Roman at 11 Third, the new realism films pay attention to the authenticity of the movie. The people stealing a bicycle
Artistic Features:
1. Profound spirit of critical realism. 深刻的批判现实主义精神。
2. The style of tragicomedy combination. 悲喜剧结合的风格。
Eisenstein and Montage Theory
The Factory gate :the shot faced at the factory gate, recreating the scene of factory work: the men and women workers leave factory on foot or by bike, then the factory owners leave by car ,finally, the gatekeeper closed two doors. 《工厂大门》一片中，镜头对准工厂大门， 真实再现了工厂下班的情景：先是男女工人 或步行或骑车相继离开，接着工厂主乘汽车 离开，最后看门人出来，将两扇大门关上。
The Avant-garde Movies:
The first movement is happened in the 20s, French and Germany as the center of the Avantgarde. The Avant-garde film thought that the essence of movie is sport. The real movie should infection audience. So they tried to learn from the painting and music源自文库 and opposed to the plot and the narrative in the film. They attempted to use the abstract images, lines and light to create a movie’s rhythm. They called it the "pure film".
首创用人工布景来摄制电影，克服了电 影诞生时仅仅作为记录手段的局限，增 强了电影的艺术品格，为电影最终成为 一门艺术作出了贡献。他的这些尝试在 某种意义上拯救了电影。使观众不仅重 新回到电影院，而且开始将它作为一门 艺术来欣赏。
Silent feature development:
In 1908-1927, the film into a period of silent feature development. Contribution is the most prominent is the Griffith格里菲斯Charlie Chaplin卓别林and the former Soviet union Eisenstein爱森斯坦
the method of connecting the cut points elsewhere.
蒙太奇，是电影构成形式和构成方法的总称。电影创作的主要叙述手段和表现手 段之一。蒙太奇原是法语建筑学上的一个术语，意为构成和装配。后被借用过来， 引申用在电影上就是剪辑和组合，表示镜头的组接。简要地说，蒙太奇就是根据 影片所要表达的内容，和观众的心理顺序，将一部影片分别拍摄成许多镜头，然 后再按照原定的构思组接起来。一言以蔽之：蒙太奇就是把分切 的镜头组接起来 的手段。
Today we will explain movie from the perspective of the art.
The Establishment of Film Art :
Lumiere卢米埃尔兄弟:Principles of on-site 记实性原则
The first movie in the word:
the film become an independent art.
The symbol is the basic element of
the film by the scene into the lens, The lens’ splicing is the montage.
大卫·格里菲斯（1875-1948），美国著名导演。 其代表作为《一个国家的诞生》和《党同伐异》。 格里菲斯对电影的最大贡献在于他把电影从戏剧 中解放出来，使电影真正成为一门独立的艺术。 其标志是把组成电影的基本元素由场景变成镜头， 由此便产生了镜头的剪接，也就是蒙太奇。
世界电影发展历史
The History of Movie
小组成员：*** **** ***
What is movie?
The film has been a part of our life now. The understanding of film is not the same. Some people regard it as a divine art, some people regard it as a form of entertainment, even some people regard it as a goods, a kind of industrial production.
查理·卓别林（1889-1977），著名的喜剧电影大师，1889年出生于英国伦敦一 个贫困的演员家庭，1913年进入美国好莱坞，从此开始他的电影生涯。一生总共 拍摄了80多部影片，其代表性的影片有《淘金记》（1925年）、《城市之光》 （1931年）、《摩登时代》（1936年）、《大独裁者》（1940年）等，他的影 片具有鲜明的艺术特色，主要表现在以下几方面
Griffith格里菲斯
David Griffith (1875-1948), the
famous American director. His
representatives are the Birth of A
Nation and Intolerance . Griffith’s the biggest contribution is liberated film from drama, making