英国文学选读Oscar Wilde奥斯卡 王尔德

Poems: 《诗集》（Poems，1881年） 《斯芬克斯》（Sphinx，1894年） 《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol，1898 年） Drama: 《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere`s Fan，1892 年。 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》（The Duchess of Padua，1893年） 《莎乐美》（Salomé，1893年）（原著用法语写成） 《认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest， 1895年） 《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband，1895年。） 《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893） Essays The Soul of Man Under Socialism《社会主义下人的灵魂》 Letters De Profundis《深渊书简 》
About Oscar Wilde
• Oscar Wilde, was born in Dublin. His Father was Ireland’s distinguished surgeon and his mother was a poet of the Free Ireland movement and an authority专家 on Celtic卡尔 特人的 folklore民间故事. • Oscar Wilde was educated at home until he was nine. He studied classics at Trinity College三一学院, Dublin, and was admitted to Oxford University.
His homosexual tendencies was brought to the public by his involvement with Alfred Douglas. In 1895, Marquis 侯爵of Queensberry, father of Alfred, accused Wilde of homosexuality. As the result of a famous trial, he suffered a dramatic downfall and was imprisoned after being convicted of “gross indecency有伤风化罪” for homosexual acts.
On 2Hale Waihona Puke Baidu May 1884, Wilde married
Constance Lloyd.
（康斯坦斯· 劳埃德） They had two sons, Cyril (1885) and Vyvyan (1886).
The photo shows Wilde’s wife and his son Cyril in 1889.
Oscar Wilde
(1854-1900)
About Oscar Wilde
• Name: Oscar Wilde (奥斯卡 王尔德) • Nationality: English • Date of Birth: 16 October 1854, Dublin, Ireland • Date of Death: 30 November 1900, Paris, France • Profession: A gifted poet, playwright, and wit
Aestheticism
• Aestheticism is a Victorian literary movement that was begun in the late 19th century. • Followers of the movement believed that art should not be mixed with social, political, or moral teaching. • Walter Pater’s statement “the love of art for its own sake” is a good summary of aestheticism. • The movement had its roots in France, but it gained widespread importance in England in the last half of the nineteenth century, where it helped change the Victorian practice of including moral lessons in literature. • Oscar Wilde is one of the best-known "aesthetes" of the late nineteenth century.
All his works
Novel: 《道林·格雷的画像》 （The Picture of
Dorian Gray，1891年）
Fairy tales :《快乐王子和其他故事》
（The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888年）
Including: 《快乐王子》(The happy prince)
• In 1900, he died when he was fortysix. and was buried in Paris. • His tomb was carved into a small sphinx《斯芬克斯》 according to the image in his collection of poems Sphinx .
《夜莺与蔷薇》(The nightingale and the rose) 《自私的巨人》(The selfish Giant) 《忠实的朋友》(the devoted friend) 《了不起的火箭》(the remarkable rocket ) 《石榴屋》（A House of Pomegranates，1891年）
Photographs of Oscar Wilde
By the early 1880s, Wilde became particularly well known for his role in the aesthetic movement（唯美主义）. Wilde was chiefly identified by brilliant conversation, picturesque dress, and his opinions that life should follow the rules of art. In 1891, Wilde published his controversial （有争议的）novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray （《道林·格雷的画像》）, which was hailed as （称呼为） brilliant but morally subversive. He then turned to writing for the state in his most productive period.