英国文学选读Oscar Wilde奥斯卡 王尔德
Oscar Fingal O’ Flahertie WillsWilde
对此，愤怒的阿尔弗莱德叫王尔德立刻上诉，告侯爵败坏他的名誉。结果王 尔德上诉失败，更被反告曾“与其他男性发生有伤风化的行为” 。根据当时 英国1855年苛刻的刑事法修正案第11部分，王尔德被判有罪，在瑞丁和本顿 维尔监狱服了两年苦役。这两年，王尔德停止了戏剧创作，在狱中写下了诗 作《瑞丁监狱之歌》和书信集《深渊书简》。在这两部作品中，他的风格发 生了转变，已很难寻得唯美主义的影响。在王尔德服刑期间，妻子康斯坦斯 与两个孩子改姓为荷兰德，移居意大利，而他社交界和文学界的大多数朋友 都对他避之唯恐不及。只有寥寥数人如剧作家萧伯纳仍挺身维护他。 In response, angry Alfred Wilde once called the appeal, told the Marquis ruin his reputation. Results Wilde appeal fails, it has been counter-sue "and the other men indecent acts". The United Kingdom in 1855 under the then Criminal Code amendment demanding Part 11, Oscar Wilde was convicted in Reading, and served in Pentonville Prison for two years hard labor. Two years, stopped Oscar Wilde Drama, wrote poetry in prison, "Reading Prison Song" and Letters "De Profundis." In these two works, his style had changed, has been difficult to find a doctrine of aestheticism. In Oscar Wilde in prison, his wife Constance and the two children their names as Holland, moved to Italy, while the majority of his society and literary friends shunned him. Only a few who still come forward to assert his playwright George Bernard Shaw.
Oscar Wilde
---- Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde, 1854－1900），出生于爱尔兰都柏林市，先后在都柏林三一学院和牛津大学学习。
他是19世纪唯美主义在英国的代言人，“为艺术而艺术”的倡导者，认为生活是丑恶的，只有美才具有永恒的价值。
王尔德的唯美主义作品主要有小说《道林·格雷的画像》（The Picture of Dorian Gray，1891）和诗剧《莎乐美》（Salome, 1893）。
从19世纪90年代起王尔德开始创作风俗喜剧，获得极大成功，把英国戏剧复兴推向一个高潮。
他的剧作《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere's Fan, 1892）、《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893）、《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband, 1895）、《名叫认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest, 1895）等都广受欢迎。
此外，他的诗作和童话故事也得到读者的喜爱。
事业如日中天时，王尔德因与他人的情感纠纷入狱服苦役两年。
监狱生活毁了他的健康，除了《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol, 1898）外，他再无其他杰作问世。
1900年1月30日王尔德孤独地死在法国巴黎。
王尔德的作品早在“五·四”运动前就被介绍到中国来，在我国文学近代化过程中起过一定推进作用Sample paragraphs: HIGH above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince. He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold, for eyes he had two bright sapphires, and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.快乐王子的雕像耸立在城里一个高高的柱子上。
英国文学选读Oscar Wilde奥斯卡 王尔德
Oscar Wilde
(1854-1900)
About Oscar Wilde
• Name: Oscar Wilde (奥斯卡 王尔德) • Nationality: English • Date of Birth: 16 October 1854, Dublin, Ireland • Date of Death: 30 November 1900, Paris, France • Profession: A gifted poet, playwright, and wit
Poems: 《诗集》（Poems，1881年） 《斯芬克斯》（Sphinx，1894年） 《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol，1898 年） Drama: 《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere`s Fan，1892 年。 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》（The Duchess of Padua，1893年） 《莎乐美》（Salomé，1893年）（原著用法语写成） 《认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest， 1895年） 《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband，1895年。） 《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893） Essays The Soul of Man Under Socialism《社会主义下人的灵魂》 Letters De Profundis《深渊书简 》
《夜莺与蔷薇》(The nightingale and the rose) 《自私的巨人》(The selfish Giant) 《忠实的朋友》(the devoted friend) 《了不起的火箭》(the remarkable rocket ) 《石榴屋》（A House of Pomegranates，1891年）
名家资料英文介绍：奥斯卡·王尔德 Oscar Wilde
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan温夫人的扇子(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要性(1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安•格雷的画像(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian古物研究者,收集古物者（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman forAestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met a few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of NoImportance一个无足轻重的女人(1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying"谎言的衰朽(1889) and "The Critic as Artist"作为艺术家的批评家(1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramaticmonologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gaol 监狱"累丁狱之歌, revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady JaneFrancesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 hepublished The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met an few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No Importance (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying" (1889) and "The Critic as Artist" (1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gao 监狱l", revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.。
Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡 王尔德)
• Wilde full confidence and extraordinary talent, though his old age is very down and out, but his artistic achievements still makes him the world's classic artists. His fairy tale also won the readers the favor Wilde and therefore known as the “fairy tale prince.”
Oscar Wilde's sayings
王尔德语录
love
• The only difference between a caprice(随意) and a life-long passion is that the caprice lasts a little longer. • 逢场作戏和终身不渝之间的区别只在于逢场作戏稍微长一些。 • When one is in love, one always begins by ving one’s self, and one always ends by deceiving others. • 恋爱总是以自欺开始，以欺人结束。 • The very essence of romance is uncertainty. • 浪漫的精髓就在于它充满种种可能。
• Wilde lived through legend（传奇）, because the gay lover Alfred Douglas (Lord Alfred Douglas) for up to four years in prison contacts were reported. Left England to settle in France after his release until November 30, 1900 due to meningitis（脑膜炎） in Paris hotel Alsace (Alsace) died.
英国文学选读作家作品
Pomantic Poets1. George Gordon Byron 拜伦<Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage> 恰尔德•哈罗德尔游记; <The Giaour> 异教徒; <The Bride of Abydos> 阿多比斯的新娘; <The Siege of Corinth> 柯林斯之围; <Manfred> 曼弗雷德; <Cain>该隐; <When We Two Parted> 昔日依依别; <Don Juan>唐•璜; <She Walks In Beauty>; <When a Man Hath No Freedom to Fight for at Home>2. Percy Bysshe Shelley 雪莱<Prometheus Unbound> 解放了的普罗米修斯; <Queen Mab> 麦布女王; <Revolt of Islam> 伊斯兰的反叛; <The Cenci> 钦契; <England in 1819> 1819年的英国; <Ode to the West Wind> 西风颂; <A Defence of Poetry> 诗辩3. John keats 济慈<Ode on a Grecian Urn> 希腊古瓮颂; <Ode to a Nightingale>夜莺颂; <Endymion> 恩底弥翁; <Isabella> 伊莎贝拉; <The Eve of Saint Agnes> 圣阿格尼斯之夜; <Hyperion> 赫披里昂4. Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂•勃朗特<Jane Eyre> 简•爱; <Shirley> 雪莉; <Professor>教师; <Villette> 维莱特5. Charles Dickens查尔斯•狄更斯<The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club> 匹克威克外传; <Oliver Twist> 雾都孤儿; <The Old Curiosity Shop> 老古玩店; <Dombey and Son> 董贝父子; <A Christmas Carol> 圣诞颂歌; <Bleak House>荒凉山庄; <A Tale of Two Cities>双城记; <Great Expectations>远大前程; <David Copperfield>大卫•科波菲尔Victorian Poets1. Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗莱德•丁尼生---被称为Poet Laureate （桂冠诗人）<Poems by Two Brothers> 两兄弟诗集; <The Princess> 公主; < In Memoriam> 悼念; < Break, Break, Break>; <The Eagle>; <Maud> 毛黛; <Enoch Arden> 伊诺克•阿登; < Idylls of the King>国王之歌2. Robert Browning罗伯特•白朗宁< My Last Dutchess> 我已故的公爵夫人; <Paracelsus> 巴拉塞尔士; <Strafford> 斯特拉福; <Pippa Passes> 皮帕走过了; <Dramatic Lyrics> 戏剧抒情诗; < Dramatic Romance and Lyrics> 戏剧传奇及抒情诗; <Men and Women> 男男女女; <Dramatic Personae> 剧中人物; <The Ring and the Book> 指环与书3. Matthew Arnold 马修•阿诺德<The Strayed Reveller> 迷途浪子; <Poems> 诗集; <Poems: Second Series> 诗歌二集; <New Poems> 新诗集; <Essays in Criticism> 评诗集; <Culture and Anarchy> 文化与无政府; <Literature and Dogma> 文学与教条; <Dover Beach> 多福海滩4. Thomas Hardy托马斯•哈代---（小说多以农村生活为背景；自然主义小说家。
oscar wilde
A gifted poet, playwright, and wit, Oscar Wilde was a phenomenon in 19th century England. He was illustrious for preaching the importance of style in life and art, and of attacking Victorian narrow mindedness. The main achievements in the literary fairy tale, poetry, fiction, drama and so on
The End
* 短篇故事集： 《坎特维尔之鬼》(The Canterville Ghost) 《模范百万富翁》(The Model Millionaire) 《没有秘密的斯芬克斯》 （The Sphinx Without A Secret) 《亚瑟· 萨维尔勋爵的罪行》 (The Arthur Savile’s Crime)
* 意图集（INTENTIONS）： 《笔秆子、画笔和毒药 》（Pen 、Pencil And Poison); 《身为艺术家的评论者》（The Critic As Artist); 《谎言的衰朽》(The Decay Of Lying); 《面具下的真实》（The Truth Of Masks).
Modern Dramatists
-----Oscar wilde(奥斯卡.王尔德)
董丽芳
Oscar Wilde (1856-1900) : Wilde's father was a doctor and his mother was a poet, both high quality arts and culture, to exert a crucial influence on his inspiration in literature and arts. In the Oxford University student, Oscar Wilde by his teacher Ruskin (fairy tale "The River King," the authors), together with their own talent and began trying to create.
英美文学选读王尔德
小说：《道林·格雷的画像》
他的第一本小说《道林· 格雷的画像》发表于1891 年，小说创作的契机缘于王尔德有天拜访了一位名老 画家，画家的男模特长得很年轻漂亮，于是王尔德忍 不住感叹：“可惜了，这样美丽的生物，还是有衰老 的一天。”画家答道：是啊，如果能让画中的他代替 他老去就好了。”后来王尔德便创作了小说《道林· 格 雷的画像》，王尔德为了感谢这位画家，斯坦斯·劳埃德 （Constance Lloyd）恋爱成婚， 并生两子。 王尔德是一个同性恋，他的第一个 男性情人叫罗伯特·罗比·罗斯 （Robert ‘Robbie’ Ross），第 二个叫道格拉斯，也因为他，王尔 德的后半生也发生了悲剧的转折。
1855年，由于道格拉斯的父 亲对王尔德的控诉，王尔德 被判有罪，在监狱服了两年 苦役。这两年，他停止了戏 剧创作，在狱中写下了诗作 《瑞丁监狱之歌》和书信集 《深渊书简》。在这两部作 品中，他的风格发生了转变， 已很难寻得唯美主义的影响。
目 录
作者 生平
作品 简介
人物 影响
奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde，1854~1900）。 19世纪出生在爱尔兰,最伟大 的作家与艺术家之一，以其 剧作、诗歌、童话和小说闻 名。
唯美主义代表人物，19世纪 80年代美学运动的主力和90 年代颓废派运动的先驱。
在出版首本《诗集》后，他在文 坛开始崭露头角，并来到伦敦发 展。虽然当时他还没有获得一个 文学奖项，但是服装惹眼、谈吐 机智、特立独行的他在伦敦社交 界已经小有名气。 1878年，王尔德在牛津就读的最 后一年极为风光，不但学业成绩 名列前茅，也以诗作《拉芬纳》 赢得校内一项诗歌比赛。得奖的 诗作由学校出资付梓，成为王尔 德第一本出版的作品。
王尔德对唯美主义的探求，无论是他的主张还
520王尔德作品《认真的重要性》分析.诗歌作业
• Part 2 语言特点分析 语言特点分析——表现手法 表现手法 • 以反复说浪荡 • （1）娱乐加娱乐 ） • 在文章一开始阿尔杰农问杰克为什么来城里是Jack 答道： 答道： 在文章一开始阿尔杰农问杰克为什么来城里是 • Oh, pleasure, pleasure. What else should bring one anywhere. • 寻欢作乐啊，一个人出门还能为了别的什么吗？在这里，两个 寻欢作乐啊，一个人出门还能为了别的什么吗？在这里， pleasure 的反复，集中突出了杰克这一花花公子只想吃喝玩乐的心态， 的反复，集中突出了杰克这一花花公子只想吃喝玩乐的心态， 并暗含了不以此为耻，反以为荣的感觉。 并暗含了不以此为耻，反以为荣的感觉。 并且在后面句子中又进一步 体现“没有别的事” 只是寻欢作乐,将花花公子的形象淋漓尽致地刻 体现“没有别的事”，只是寻欢作乐 将花花公子的形象淋漓尽致地刻 画了出来。 画了出来。 • （2）寻开心与被开心 ） • 阿尔杰农问杰克在乡下都做什么时,Jack 答道： 阿尔杰农问杰克在乡下都做什么时,Jack 答道： • When one is in town one amuse oneself. • When one is in the country one amuses other people. • 在城里是自己寻开心，在乡下是让别人寻开心。从这两个句子可以看 在城里是自己寻开心，在乡下是让别人寻开心。 出杰克认为生活的全部都是amuse，充分体现了他游戏人生的态度。 出杰克认为生活的全部都是 ，充分体现了他游戏人生的态度。 而他将到处寻欢作乐的行为视为理所当然， 而他将到处寻欢作乐的行为视为理所当然，并且还似乎把它总结成这 样一句道理。王尔德用了这样朗朗上口的整齐的对偶句， 样一句道理。王尔德用了这样朗朗上口的整齐的对偶句，很好地体现 了他对语言的驾驭。 了他对语言的驾驭。Biblioteka 2）.主要作品• 文作
Oscar Wilde
Witty words
I can resist everything except temptation. 摆脱诱惑的唯一办法就是向它屈服。 女人是用来爱的，不是用来被理解的。
人真正的完美不在他拥有什么，而在于他是什么。 生活中有两个悲剧，一个是得不到想要的，另一个 是得到了不想要的。
1891, the only novel
blamed brought to court as sth. immoral
I. Characters and Story
Basil Hallward
Alan Campbell (picture) Dorian Gray
Prince Charming Lord Henry Wotton Sibyl Vane James Vane
V. Witty lines
婚姻的一大魅力，在于瞒骗成了夫妻生活的绝对必须。（P4） 男人结婚是因为疲惫，女人结婚是因为好奇，结果双方都大 失所望。(P40) 女人再婚是因为讨厌第一个丈夫。男人再婚是因为爱第一个 妻子。女人是要碰碰运气，男人是要冒冒险。(P147) 如今结了婚的人都过着光棍的日子，而光棍们过的却是成家 的人的日子。(148) 人们谈论幸福婚姻，其实都是胡说八道！一个男人只要不爱 女人，就能跟女人相处得很愉快。 (P148)
8 当生活与艺术发生冲突时，生活应让位于艺术 / 艺术的魅 力远大于生活 9 一切坏的艺术都是返归生活和自然造成的，并且是将生活 与自然上升到理想的结果（西碧尔的美在舞台上被道连所欣 赏，当她的热情从莎剧中推出、转向真实生活中的“迷人王 子”身上时，其美也逐渐褪色） 10 为艺术而生活 11 不是艺术反映生活，而是艺术反映生活
OscarWilde英文简介_英文简历模板
Oscar Wilde英文简介奥斯卡·王尔德，是最伟大的作家与艺术家之一，唯美主义代表人物，下面是小编给大家整理的Oscar Wilde英文简介，供大家参阅! oscar wilde简介Oscar Wilde (1854 ~ 1900), born in the 19th century in the UK (in the case of Ireland, but then ruled by the British.) One of the greatest writers and artists, with his plays, poetry, fairy tales and fiction famous. Aestheticist figures, the main body of the aesthetic movement of the 1880s and the pioneers of the 90's decadent movement.oscar wilde人物生平Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, a family of outstanding family, is the second son of the family. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a surgeon whose mother was a poet and writer.In 1864, Oscar Wilde was at the Royal College of Putuo in the house of Ennis, and was not particularly popular among the boys. During school, he loves flowers, sunset and Greek literature. Although the teacher was often dismissed as lazy, but he was in the last year of this school is still on behalf of classical literature achievements of the best honor of the Toro Gold Medal.In 1871, the Dublin Trinity College Scholarship was awarded at the age of 17. He met Professor Mahaffi at this school, and the professor had a considerable influence on Wilde's life. Many years later, he recalled that Mahafir was "a very talkative person, an artist who was good at using eloquence and vivid words.After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde received a full scholarship from the University of Oxford at Magdalen College in 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced by Walter Pate and John Raskin's aesthetic ideas and touched on theNew Hegelian philosophy, Darwinian theory of evolution and the pre-Raphaelite work, which became a pioneer of his aestheticism The writer established the direction. After the publication of the first "poem", he began to emerge in the literary world, and came to London development. Although the young Wilde has not yet received a literary award, but the clothing eye-catching, talk wit, maverick in London social circles have been a minor celebrity, some magazines and even published his satirical article.In 1875, Wilde traveled to Italy during the summer vacation and wrote one of the early poems "San Miniato", "San Miniato"), but this poem was published only a few years later. In 1877, Oscar Wilde and the other two young people to accompany Mahafhe to Greece to travel, for the Greek natural landscape and exquisite buildings dumped, so linger, delayed class. After returning to Oxford, he was fined £ 45 by the sc hool and the following year was fine for his academic excellence. In 1878, Oscar Wilde in the last year of Oxford in the last year is extremely beautiful, not only academic performance among the best, but also to poetry "La Fenner" to win a school poetry competition. The winning poems were financed by the school and became the first published works by Oscar Wilde. Wilde moved from Oxford to London, claiming to be a professor of aestheticism. In 1880, at this time Wilde has been cut out in the London social circle, "clumsy" magazine began to take his appearance joke. His first play "Vera" in the same year to complete, but no big response, and finally for political reasons did not staged in London. In 1881, by the Gilbert and Sullivan written by the aestheticist humorist "Peas" did not intend to bring a bad reputation for Wilde. Wang Erde poetry published in the same year, may be poet at their own expense.In 1882, Wilde made a wonderful tour in the United States,two years later he and Constance Lloyd (Constance Lloyd) love married, two sons Cyril (Cyril) and Vivian (Vyvyan) also Was born in 1885 and 1886.In 1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine called "Women's World" (formerly known as "Lady of the World", Oscar Wilde's renamed), and published some of his novels, comments and poems in magazines. Wilde's works are famous for their rhetoric and beauty. In May 1888, published "Happy Prince and other stories". June 20, 1890, in the newspaper serial novel "Dorian Gray's portrait", lay the status of decadent artists. His first novel, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, was published in 1891. The opportunity for the creation of the novel was due to the fact that Wilde had visited a famous painter, and the male model of the painter was so young and beautiful. Sigh: "Unfortunately, such a beautiful creature, or a day of aging." The painter replied: Yes ah, if you can make the painting he replaced him like old. Later, Wilde created the novel "The Portrait of Dawn Gray", and Wilde, in order to thank the painter, named his painter in his name, and then he published the prose "The Soul of Socialism" Both of these works are very successful, but the real success for Wilde is his drama works.It can be said that each of his drama works are warmly welcomed, there is a period of time, London stage actually staged him Three of his works are known as the best comedy works since Sheridan's "rumor school".In 1895, Marquess of Queensberry found Lord Alfred Douglas (Nickname "Bosie") and Oscar Wilde for four years and accused of Oscar Wilde and went to Oscar Wilde To the celebrity club to paste the note: "Oscar Oscar Wilde - pretend to be a traitor." Publicly denounced Wilde is a good male "soders" (at that time has not yet born "gay" the term). The allegations madeWilde immediately write to his friend Ross.The Marquis of Queensberry is a tyrannical father, and Douglas has been arguing for a long time, and the angry Alfred Douglas called Wilde immediately appealed to the Marquis to corrupt his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was told that "committing acts of gross indecency with other men persons". According to the United Kingdom 1855 harsh criminal law amendments Part 11, Wilde was convicted, in Reading and Bentonville prison served two years of hard labor. In the past two years, Wilde stopped the drama creation, wrote the poem in the prison "song of the prison song" and the letter set "abyss Jane." In these two works, his style has changed, it is difficult to find the impact of aestheticism. During his stay in Wilde, his wife Constance and two children changed their name to Holland, moved to Italy, and most of his friends in the social and literary circles were fearless of him. Only a handful of people such as playwright George Bernard Shaw still stand up to maintain him.On May 1, 1895, the jury could not agree on Wilde's charges, and a juror agreed to bail Wilde. May 7, was released from prison. May 20, the case the second session. May 25, Wilde because of "serious indecent assault", was sentenced to forced labor for two years, first detained in London Bentonville prison, July 4 transfer to London Wandsworth prison, November 20 was transferred from the 30 miles west of London's Reading prison. On September 24 and November 12 of the year, the court conducted two bankruptcy investigations against Oscar Wilde and declared its bankruptcy.Released in 1897, Wilde took to Paris, for the British he was disappointed, no longer have the slightest nostalgia. He had triedto mix with Constance for two children, but Alfred Douglas offered to meet him and said he wanted to rebuild with Wilde, and Wilde chose Douglas. He lived in France during the name of the completion of the "Reading of the song", in 1898 Wilde and Douglas travel to Italy, but the last two still break up, the two together was not as good as the original, after the release of Wilde scenery Then, Douglas began to understand that Wilde was no longer the married and everyone envy of the successful people. But if they had been in love and tired of talking to the far apart, the wayward Douglas had earlier said to Oscar Wilde: "If you are no longer the taller of Oscar, it is no longer interesting.In 1900, Wilde finally changed his Catholicism with the help of his friend and his same-sex lover, Robert Robbie Ross, who was the first gay man of Wilde, Rose's temptation led him to the path of homosexuality, when Rose was 17 and Wilde was 32. Although Wilde was later obsessed with Douglas, but for many years he loved Oscar Wilde and gave him help, and Ross's ashes were in his last wish Together). In the same year on November 30 due to meningitis in Paris, Alsa(Alsace) died, at the age of 46 years old, only when Ross died with another friend to accompany him. Oscar Wilde in the cemetery of Paris, according to his poetry in the "Sphinx" in the image, carved into a small Sphinx.At the end of the twentieth century, after nearly a century later, the British finally gave Wilde a statue of honor. On November 30, 1998, the statue of Oscar Wilde, sculpted by McGee Hamlin, was unveiled at Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square, London. The statue is titled "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde" and engraved with quotes from Oscar Wilde: "We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking At the stars.)oscar wilde写作特点fairy taleAlthough Wilde's tragic fairy tale works regardless of the story is hidden behind the same sex or the opposite sex of the affair, his language used to modify the language of love almost a flashy beauty, but this beauty for the secular love of the ultimate disillusionment and disappearance of the matter , To be able to achieve the perfect only love of Christ and supreme art. As Wilde himself says, "the purpose of art is not simply real, but complex beauty." He presents a tragic story of aestheticism in a unique narrative way, creating an unspeakable beauty.Compared to the tragic fate of the Greek tragedy, Shakespearean drama humanist lonely pain, Hemingway's never-ending tragedy heroic spirit, he narrates is the beauty of life and sorrow - the ordinary life of love, the spirit of the world Beauty, and the destruction of the two to the great pain of the human mind, highlighting the divine salvation and fate of Christ. Wilde did not repeat the prince and the princess happy to live a hundred years of cliche, do not express good and good evil evil report of the good wishes, only a kind of indifferent tone to describe the tragedy, with the characters staggered perspective and vision Let the reader hear the long sigh of the fish, the nightingale last life if the hairspring song, the dwarf mourn cry and his heart rupture sound. As an implied author, he has always been silent on the story of the characters, so that Christ's death in the call to become a farewell tragic fate of the best end of the ceremony. He repeatedly inquired about the contradictions and paradoxes that existed in life in an imperfect fairy tale, and fascinated the difficulties and complexities of the real society, showing his perfect and pure pursuit of art, love and life in atortuous way and using his own works Predicted his unique line of life: walking in the hedonism and sensibility of the edge, swinging between the material and the spirit of love both desire and despair, dying in the lonely converted to the Catholic Church, into the embrace of Christ, and he The tragedy of the characters in general, get his true peace of mind.PoetryAestheticism is not only the inheritance and development of romantic poetry, more importantly, its innovation. The most famous slogan of the aesthetic movement is "art for art", which is one of the reasons why this literary movement can develop in the middle and late stages of Victorian Victorian feud. In 1895 Wilde was jailed for the so-called "guilty conscience", even though his inspiration was not affected during his sentence. In a classic work entitled "From Deep", he wrote more than once that "I am a symbol of art and culture in this era," and even muttered in his mouth before his death, Beauty, only the beauty is like this. "Wilde's dedication to art, the rebellion and innovation of the practice of traditional poetry, the poem "Riding Prison Songs" is the best embodiment. "Lyon Prison Song" by Oscar Wilde in prison after the start of creation in 1897 and completed in 1898, is his last great poem. The whole poem is divided into six parts, a total of 660 lines, six lines a poem, which he changed the traditional narrative lines, expressed the feelings of other prisoners, especially described the evil university, moral decay and prison system of non-human abuse The This poem is to commemorate the situation of a royal guard soldier who will be hanged for murdering his wife. In this poem, he tried to use the words that could better express his thoughts, seemingly felt andimprovised, and in fact included the examination and judgment of the whole society, which was inseparable from his two years of prison life Relationship. In the whole poem, he used the repetitive rhetorical means, the slight syllable changes. In verses 443 and 444, "fear is striding forward in front of us; terror is treading behind us", which increasingly adds to the horrific atmosphere that is creepy. This poetic realistic description of the situation so that readers feel the same, really achieve the purpose of aesthetics.FictionWilde created a lot of work in his life. He is rich in materials, covered a wide range. There are reviews, fairy tale, there is drama. But his novel is only one - "the portrait of Dorian Gray" (1890). In this novel, Wilde in this novel, with rich imagination, bizarre plot, beautiful writing, full of philosophical language, exposing the British high society of spiritual emptiness and moral sink, intertwined with good and evil, beauty and ugliness, soul The tragedy of the destruction of the flesh, the image of the author's own outlook on life, morality and art. This novel, with a unique artistic conception of the visualization of the "art first" theory. The painter Bessel does not create portraits for fame and fortune, because of his pursuit of "beauty" in the process, in the portrait into their own "all effort", so that the portrait has an unusual "beauty" and peculiar vitality. The author through such an arrangement to explain: only the implementation of "art for art and art" to create the works of art can be counted as eternal lofty perfection to the works of art. It is reflected in the "aestheticism", "art for art" and other views, with Marxist-Leninist view of literature and art is certainly not biased, but we should see that this time the intellectuals trying to escape the capitalist systemUnder the evil of the kind of naive idea, can be considered that this is a negative reaction to the capitalist system.DramaWilde's great achievement in the drama is the language of the dialogue dialogue, and every word is worth considering. Wilde is a brave playwright, his humorous language reveals the decay and chaos of the upper class society. Many famous aphorisms even come from some negative roles, which makes the conversation even more interesting, but also makes the characters more full and true shape. It is the use of rhetorical devices that make Wilde's play meaningful and flourishing.For Wilde, contradictory rhetoric fully embodies his witty language style. He uses a pair of semantics, opposite words are used together to express more complex thoughts and feelings or to explain a meaningful philosophy. The magical effect of contradictory rhetoric is to reveal the complex psychological contradictions and philosophy of life in the inner world. "In the" ideal husband ", Mabel Chilton said:" I really like London! This has been fully proved, the whole city is a beautiful fool and outstanding madman. "Muller said she loved London and it was well proved, but her argument was that London was full of beautiful fools and outstanding madmen." Beautiful "," fool "," outstanding "," madman " The contradictory statements reveal Wilde's irony to the upper classes.In the fourth act of Mrs. Windermere's fan, when Windermere misunderstood Mrs. Olin and satirical, Mrs. Olin said, "I am in the fourth act of Mrs. Windermere's play. Dear Windermere, the first act of courtesy, after the German character! "(My Dear Wintermiere. Eloquel moarls!) The use of the first rhyme so that Mrs. Olin's answer is decent and humorous, showing herdemeanor.The comparison is also a technique commonly used by Oscar Wilde. By using the control, Wilde's language is more fluent, the role is more vivid, more prominent. In the final scene of Mrs Windermere's fan, when the Duke of Windermere evaluated his wife, she said to her wife, "My dear, you and she belong to two different worlds, there is no evil in your world." Replied: "Arthur, do not say that this is our common world, good and evil, evil and innocence, are co-exist." Through the control, a profound reflection of the change of Windermere's attitude reflects the Her thought was mature, her eyes had been evil Lady Olin helped her, to prevent her elope with the lover and to maintain her original perfect marriage, after all this, she no longer with simple good and evil to look at this world, but To treat yourself with others in an inclusive manner.。
oscar wilde奥斯卡·王尔德(英国作家)
Marriage and Family
After graduating from Oxford, Wilde returned to Dublin, where he met Florence Balcombe. She, however, became engaged to the writer Bram Stoker. On hearing of her engagement, Wilde wrote to her stating his intention to leave Ireland permanently. He left in 1878, and returned to his native country only twice, for brief visits. He spent the next six years in London and Paris, and in the United States, where he traveled to deliver lectures. Wilde's address in the 1881 British Census is given as 1 Tite Street, London. The head of the household is listed as Frank Miles with whom Wilde shared rooms at this address.
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The aesthetic movement, represented by the school of William Morris and Dante Gabriel Rossetti, had a permanent influence on English decorative art. As the leading aesthete in Britain, Wilde became one of the most prominent personalities of his day. Though he was sometimes ridiculed for them, his paradoxes and witty sayings were quoted on all sides.
Oscar_Wilde王尔德
In 1884, Wilde married with Constance Lioyd (daughter of wealthy Queen’s Counsel Horance Lioyd) in Paddington, London. They had two sons -----Cyril(1885)and Vyvyan(1886)在1884年,王尔德和康斯坦斯Lioyd结婚
His Education
Wilde childhood he showed very high talent, he is fluent in French, German and classical literature. Wilde Dublin University of Trinity College ( Trinity College ) after graduation, scholarship, in 1874 entered the University of Oxford ( Magdalen College ) learning of Mo Delin college. In Oxford, Wilde has received the Walter Pater and Joea influence, and contact the new Hagel school philosophy, Darwin's theory of evolution and the Pre-Raphaelite works, which he later became the Pioneer Writers established the direction of aestheticism. With the publication of the first of the" poetry", he began to cut a striking figure in the literary world, and came to London to develop. Although young Wilde has not won a literary prize, but clothes eyecatching, intelligently, personal independence of conduct in his London society has been famous, some magazines and even published a satire of his article. 王尔德自幼便显示很高的天赋，他精通法语、德语和古典文学。 王尔德自都 柏林圣三一学院（Trinity College）毕业后，获得奖学金，于1874年进入牛津大学 莫德林学院(Magdalen College)学习。在牛津，王尔德受到了沃尔特· 佩特及约 翰· 拉斯金的审美观念影响，并接触了新黑格尔派哲学、达尔文进化论和拉斐尔前 派的作品，这为他之后成为唯美主义先锋作家确立了方向。 在出版首本《诗 集》后，他在文坛开始崭露头角，并来到伦敦发展。虽然年轻的王尔德还没有获 得一个文学奖项，但服装惹眼、谈吐机智、特立独行的他在伦敦社交界已经小有 名气，一些杂志甚至刊登着讽刺他的文章。
英语文学-Oscar-Wilde-奥斯卡-王尔德介绍
The pictures of the three main Characters
Dorian Gray 道林 格雷
Basil Hallward 巴兹尔 霍尔华德
Lord Henry 亨利
Main Plot 主要情节
The novel tells of a young man named Dorian Gray, the subject of a painting by artist Basil Hallward. Basil is impressed by Dorian's beauty and becomes infatuated with him, believing his beauty is responsible for a new mode in his art. Dorian meets Lord Henry Wotton, a friend of Basil's, and becomes enthralled by Lord Henry's world view.
Main works 主要作品
• Novels 小说
The Picture of Dorian Gray(道林·格雷的画像)
• Fairy tales 童话
The happy prince（快乐王子） The nightingale and the rose（夜莺与蔷薇） The selfish Giant（自私的巨人） The fisherman and his soul（渔人和他的灵魂） The star-child（星孩）
• His imprisonment indicates the end of the Aesthetic
Oscar wilde 奥斯卡.王尔德
代表人物：济慈物：王尔德 灵魂作品： 《道林.格雷的画像》
“艺术除了表现它自身之外，不表现任何别的东西。艺 术有独立的生命，正如思想有独立的生活一样”。 小说《道 林.格雷的画像》是王尔德的代表作，也是唯美主义的旨在说 明“人生是艺术的模仿，破坏了艺术，人的生命就不存在了” 的作品。
The Soul of Man Under Socialism 《社会主义下人的灵魂》
The Happy Prince and Other Tales
《快乐王子（The happy prince）》 《夜莺与蔷薇（The nightingale and the rose）》 《自私的巨人（The selfish Giant）》 《忠实的朋友（The devoted friend）》
To love oneself is the beginning of a lifelong romance.
自恋是一个人一生浪漫的开端。
We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.
我们都在阴沟里，但仍有人仰望星空。
The Importance of Being Earnest 《认真的重要性》
literary work 著作
An Ideal Husband 《理想的丈夫》
Poems 《诗集》
奥斯卡王尔德(Oscar Wilde)
12、The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about. 世上只有一件事比被人议论更糟糕，那就是没有人议论 你。 13、All charming people, I fancy, are spoiled. It is the secret of their attraction 我想所有迷人的人都是被宠爱着的，这是他们吸引力来 源的秘密。 14、To do nothing at all is the most difficult thing in the world, the most difficult and the most intellectual 什么也不做是世上最难的事情，最困难并且最智慧。 15、A true friend stabs you in the front. 真朋友才会当面中伤你。 16、Always forgive your enemies - nothing annoys them so much. 永远宽恕你的敌人，没有什么能比这个更让他们恼怒的了。 17、There are only two tragedies in life: one is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it. 生活中只有两种悲剧:一个是没有得到我们想要的，另外一个是得到我 们想要的。
虽然年轻的王尔德还没有获得一个文学奖项，但服装惹 眼、谈吐机智、特立独行的他在伦敦社交界已经小有名 气，一些杂志甚至刊登着讽刺他的文章。
1877年，王尔德与另外两位年轻人陪马哈菲教授一同到 希腊旅游，为希腊的自然景致和精美建筑倾倒，以致于 流连忘返，延误了上课。回到牛津后他被校方罚款45英 镑，次年罚款因他学业的优异而返还。
奥斯卡王尔德.PPT课件
“这是最非比寻常的故事--不久前…人们还无法真实面对他同性 恋的一面。太残酷了。”
“王尔德和所有明在房间里的人。他酒足饭饱地离开，留下你
精疲力竭。我不知道你们是否见过这类名人。他们汲取走所有的
能量…善意无害的样子。这正是他们的行事作风。他们把人吃干
“一个吻足以摧毁一个人的生命”
王尔德在巴黎的墓地，按
照他在诗集《斯芬克斯》
中的意象，雕刻成了一座
小小的狮身人面像。
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王尔德曾说过：“女人是用来爱的。”仅是这样一句直白却充满魅力 的话语，就足以让无数女孩为之融化。
亲爱的心上人，当那热情的年轻修士/ 初次从他被困囚的神的隐秘圣 坛中/ 取出圣餐，并食用面饼，/ 饮用那令人敬畏的葡萄酒时，
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波西的父亲昆斯贝理侯爵，极力反 对波西同王尔德在一起。在王尔德 收到侯爵的纸条——“致王尔德， 那个装模作样的鸡奸者。”后，愤 怒的阿尔弗莱德怂恿王尔德立刻上 诉，告侯爵败坏他的名誉。结果王 尔德上诉失败，更被反告曾“与其 他男性发生有伤风化的行为”。在 侯爵的伪证和他们的恋情确有其事 的情况下：
一是社会把我送进监狱”
沃尔特·佩特（walter pater） 对纯美学的研究与了解最有 影响力的人
约翰·拉斯金 （John Ruskin） 英国作家、艺术家、艺术评论家 。 是拉斐尔前派的一员，本身亦为天才而多产的艺术家。
注释：拉斐尔前派：是1848年在英国兴起的美术改革运动。
（约持续三四年的时间），但是对于19世纪的英国绘画史及方向，带来了很大的影响。
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他是一个集天使与魔鬼于一身的矛盾
人物。既世故又纯洁；既虚伪又真实。他曾说过：“我不想 谋生，我想生活。”想生活，就得谋生。同理，想真实就必
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His homosexual tendencies was brought to the public by his involvement with Alfred Douglas. In 1895, Marquis 侯爵of Queensberry, father of Alfred, accused Wilde of homosexuality. As the result of a famous trial, he suffered a dramatic downfall and was imprisoned after being convicted of “gross indecency有伤风化罪” for homosexual acts.
Osbout Oscar Wilde
• Name: Oscar Wilde (奥斯卡 王尔德) • Nationality: English • Date of Birth: 16 October 1854, Dublin, Ireland • Date of Death: 30 November 1900, Paris, France • Profession: A gifted poet, playwright, and wit
On 29 May 1884, Wilde married
Constance Lloyd.
（康斯坦斯· 劳埃德） They had two sons, Cyril (1885) and Vyvyan (1886).
The photo shows Wilde’s wife and his son Cyril in 1889.
Poems: 《诗集》（Poems，1881年） 《斯芬克斯》（Sphinx，1894年） 《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol，1898 年） Drama: 《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere`s Fan，1892 年。 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》（The Duchess of Padua，1893年） 《莎乐美》（Salomé，1893年）（原著用法语写成） 《认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest， 1895年） 《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband，1895年。） 《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893） Essays The Soul of Man Under Socialism《社会主义下人的灵魂》 Letters De Profundis《深渊书简 》
《夜莺与蔷薇》(The nightingale and the rose) 《自私的巨人》(The selfish Giant) 《忠实的朋友》(the devoted friend) 《了不起的火箭》(the remarkable rocket ) 《石榴屋》（A House of Pomegranates，1891年）
Aestheticism
• Aestheticism is a Victorian literary movement that was begun in the late 19th century. • Followers of the movement believed that art should not be mixed with social, political, or moral teaching. • Walter Pater’s statement “the love of art for its own sake” is a good summary of aestheticism. • The movement had its roots in France, but it gained widespread importance in England in the last half of the nineteenth century, where it helped change the Victorian practice of including moral lessons in literature. • Oscar Wilde is one of the best-known "aesthetes" of the late nineteenth century.
All his works
Novel: 《道林·格雷的画像》 （The Picture of
Dorian Gray，1891年）
Fairy tales :《快乐王子和其他故事》
（The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888年）
Including: 《快乐王子》(The happy prince)
About Oscar Wilde
• Oscar Wilde, was born in Dublin. His Father was Ireland’s distinguished surgeon and his mother was a poet of the Free Ireland movement and an authority专家 on Celtic卡尔 特人的 folklore民间故事. • Oscar Wilde was educated at home until he was nine. He studied classics at Trinity College三一学院, Dublin, and was admitted to Oxford University.
• In 1900, he died when he was fortysix. and was buried in Paris. • His tomb was carved into a small sphinx《斯芬克斯》 according to the image in his collection of poems Sphinx .
Photographs of Oscar Wilde
By the early 1880s, Wilde became particularly well known for his role in the aesthetic movement（唯美主义）. Wilde was chiefly identified by brilliant conversation, picturesque dress, and his opinions that life should follow the rules of art. In 1891, Wilde published his controversial （有争议的）novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray （《道林·格雷的画像》）, which was hailed as （称呼为） brilliant but morally subversive. He then turned to writing for the state in his most productive period.