(教师用书)高考英语一轮总复习 语法专项突破 考点精讲 第九节 名词性从句

第九节名词性从句

(对应学生用书第261页)

考点一名词性从句连接词的用法

1．连接词的基本用法

(1)连接词that在从句中没有任何含义，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。

That he will come to the meeting made us excited.

他要来参加会议使我们大家很兴奋。

(2)连接词whether，if意为“是否”，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。若在两者之间二选一，应选择whether。

Whether we will go there tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去那里取决于天气。

(3)连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，who(m)ever，whatever，whichever 既起连接作用，同时又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

She didn't know what life in a foreign country would be like.她不知道外国的生活会是什么样。

Whoever breaks the rule should be punished.

不论谁违反了规则都要受到惩罚。

(4)连接副词when，where，why，how既起连接作用，同时又在从句中作状语。

She has decided how she should settle the matter.

她已做出决定如何来解决这件事。

2．that与what的区别

that没有词义，也不作任何成分，当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时用that；what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”(有时候可以不译)，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

That they need more oil is very clear.

很明显，他们需要更多的油。

What they need is more oil.

他们需要的是更多的油。

3．who与whoever的区别

who在名词性从句中表示“谁”；而whoever(谓语用单数)＝anyone who，(谓语用单数)＝those who(谓语用复数)。

Who will be invited to the ceremony hasn't been decided. 邀请谁参加仪式还未定下来。

Give the dictionary to whoever(＝anyone who) needs it most. 把词典给最需要的人。

考点二主语从句

1．that引导的从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见句式有。

(1)It＋系动词＋形容词(necessary/right/likely/unlikely/wrong/important/certain等)＋that从句。

It is necessary that a person should provide against a raining day.

一个人应该居安思危、未雨绸缪。

(2)It＋ be＋名词(短语)(a pity/a shame/no wonder等)＋that从句。

It is a pity that you cannot come to our party.

你不能来参加我们的聚会真是遗憾。

(3)It＋be＋过去分词(said/told/reported/decided等)＋that从句。

It is reported that many people are homeless after floods. 据报道洪水过后很多人无家可归。

(4)It＋特殊动词(seem/appear/happen/occur/matter)＋that从句。

It seems that young people are more interested in pop music.年轻人似乎对流行音乐更感兴趣。

2．其他连接词引导主语从句时也可用it作形式主语。

If a person dose his best，it doesn't matter what people think of him.如果一个人尽了他最大的努力，那么人们如何评价他并没关系。

考点三宾语从句

1．动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe等后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。

I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.

我已把每天写日记当成了惯例。

2．有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it，这类动词有：hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，appreciate，see to等。

I would appreciate it if you could send me a reply at your earliest convenience.

如果您能够尽早给我回信的话，我将不胜感激。

3．一般情况下介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，但except，in，but等可跟that引导的宾语从句。其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须用it作形式宾语。

I know nothing about him except that he lives next door. 我对他一无所知，只知道他住在隔壁。

Yon may depend on it that they will support you. 你相信好了，他们会支持你的。

4．当主句的主语是第一人称单数时，think，believe，suppose，expect等动词引导的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句的谓语动词用肯定式，这一现象称为否定转移。

I don't think that your suggestion will work.

我认为你的建议行不通。

考点四表语从句

1．表语从句还可由as if，as though，because等词引导。

It looks as if we shall stay the night here after all. 看来我们不得不在这里过夜了。

2．当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般用that而不用because引导，常用句型The reason ... is that ...

The reason why he is absent from school is that he is sick. 他没来上学的理由是他生病了。

考点五同位语从句

1．同位语从句常放在fact，news，word(消息)，idea，truth，doubt，belief，thought，problem等词的后面，对前面的名词做进一步解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。引导词常用that，也可用其他连接词引导。需注意的是，同位语从句有时不直接跟着它所说明的某个名