简单句五种基本句型课件

主语+及物动词+反身代词
• I can’t express myself English. • Now I’ll introduce myself. • She saw herself in the mirror. • I can support myself. • I asked myself several questions.
基本句型 二
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ（主＋谓＋宾）
特点：谓语动词都是实义动词，但不能表 达完整的意思，必须跟宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。 这类动词叫做及物动词。
o e.g. We like the movie. SV
主语+及物动词+名词/代词
• 1.主谓宾结构 • He loves poetry. • He left school in 1988. • They found a cure for cancer. • We took the early flight to America. • 2.习惯用语（动词+名词） • Don’t catch cold. Take care! The ice is thin.
主语+及物动词+连接副（代）词引导的宾语 从句
• I didn’t know where they had gone. • This shows how much she sympathized with him. • Do you see now why I did it? • He asked when we would be in London. • You can discuss which is his best poem. • I can tell you what I hear.
基本句型一：Ｓ +Ｖ
（主＋谓/不及物动词）
Everybody smiled. The sun is rising.
基本句型二：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ （主＋谓/及物动词＋宾）
He knows everything. I like her.
基本句型三：Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ （主＋谓/系动词＋表）
The boy looks healthy. 基本句型四: Ｓ +Ｖ +InO +DＯ(主＋谓/双宾动词＋间宾＋直宾） I showed him my passport. 基本句型五: Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｏ +OＣ（主＋谓/及物动词＋宾＋宾补）
hospital works hard. 状语（adverbial）：修饰动词、形容词或副词 She goes to work very early. She feels very happy.
• 句子可以由主语，谓语动词，表语，宾语，定语 ，状语，直接和间接宾语，宾语补足语组成归纳 成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。 掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构 的基础。
What made you angry?
各种词类及其在句子中的作用：
1. Nouns (n.) 名词： -----主语(S)，宾语(O)，表语(P)等
2. Verbs (v.) 动词 ----谓语(V) （ vt. 及物动词 / vi. 不及物动词）
3. Pronouns （pron.) 代词： ----主语，宾语，表语等
基本句型 三
Ｓ +Ｖ +Ｐ（主＋系＋表）
特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思， 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构 成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做(连)系动词。
系动词可分四类：
1）be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的 作用,后可接动词外的任何词；
2）感官动词类 look, feel, smell, taste, sound等 3）表示变化：get, grow, become, turn, go等 4）表示状态延续：stay, keep, remain, stand等
主语+不及物动词+副词
• The meeting broke up in great confusion. • The engine broke down. • The bomb blew up. • How did the accident come about? • The concert came off well. • Sales have been dropping off badly.
Everybody knows her.
She is writing a letter now.
表语（predicative）:和系动词一起构成谓语
She is a kind girl.
定语（attribute）：修饰名词、代词等 Her hospital isn’t very big. But everyone in the
主语+及物动词+动名词（作宾语）
• Would you mind waiting a few minutes? • Why have they delayed opening the new school? • I can’t imagine lying like this. • I prefer standing. • I propose resting for half an hour.
主语+不及物动词（有被动意思）
• The door blew open. • Cheese cuts easily. • She photographs well. • The window won’t shut. • Silk stains easily. • Her eyes filled with tears.
This is a very beautiful flower.
(P) (At.)
5. Adverbs (adv.) 副词：------状语（Ad.)
6. Numerals (num.) 数词：
------定语，表语，主语等
e.g. 25 (desks) __a_r_e__(be) enough.
7. Articles (art.) 冠词： 一般不单独构成句子成分
主语+系动词+从句
• Their first idea was that he had hidden it. • My opinion is that the plan won’t work. • His only fault is that he lacks ambition.
主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语
一般不构成成分，仅起连接作用
10. Interjections ( interj.) 感叹词 (ah, oh, yeah…) 一般不构成成分，起加强语气作用
基本句型 一
Ｓ(subject) +V(verb)（主＋谓）
特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以 跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
主语+不及物动词+状语
• Did you sleep well? • Don’t drive so fast. • She is studying hard at the university. • She swims like a fish. • She is trembling all over. • You go first and I will follow behind.
英语简单句五种基本句型
句子成分
主语（subject）：一句话的中心
My sister is a nurse. Her room is on the second floor.
谓语（predicate）：是主语的主要情况，可表示动作、状 态
She works in a hospital. She knows a little English. 宾语（object）：表示动作的承受者或动作的结果
主语+系动词+副词
• I have been out for a walk. • But I’ve got to be off now. • I’ll see if he is around. • If he is not here, he’s about somewhere. • She had been away on a long trip.
主语+系动词+不定式
• His plan is to keep the affair secret. • Their aim was wenku.baidu.como modernize their agriculture. • Your job is to make sure that the work is finished on
主语+系动词+名词/代词
• His dream has at last become a reality. • He used to be a teacher till he turned writer. • We can remain friends. • He appeared a fool. • It sounds a good idea. • The affair rests a mystery.
8. Prepositions (prep.) 介词（in, at, on, …) prep. +n. 介词短语-----状语 (Ad.),表语等
e.g. We can see the bike under the tree. 9. Conjunctions (conj.) 连词 ( and, or, but, so…)
主语+系动词+形容词
• She felt a bit dizzy. • You’re not looking very well. • The dish smells good. • When she saw this, she turned red. • Things will come right in the end. • He has fallen ill. • His advice proved sound.
time. • My duty is to get you away, to save you.
主语+系动词+动名词
• His hobby is collecting stamps. • His occupation was teaching. • My job is repairing cars. • Her main interest is playing tennis.
• Be/系动词+形容词+介词 • Be afraid of/ be short of/be fond of/be proud of/be
tired of/be confident of/be worried about/feel confident of/remain ignorant of/fall short of
e.g. K__a_t_e h_a_s_a__p_ia_n__o_. SV O
S_h__e l_ik_e_s _it_very much. S VO
4. Adjectives (adj.) 形容词：
----定语(At.) 表语 （P） e.g. The flower is very beautiful.
主语+及物动词+不定式（作宾语）
• Someone is asking to see you. • We can’t afford to pay such a price. • I can’t bear to see you like this. • I didn’t expect to find you here. • I don’t wish to leave my mother. • He promised to see her home.
s e.g. His words works.
V
主语+不及物动词
• It’s snowing. • The train is arriving. • The blind do not see. • Can you read? • It doesn’t pay. • May I go? • We waited and waited.