二维层状纳米材料制备与应用研究

目录

摘要 (Ⅰ)

Abstract (Ⅱ)

第一章绪论 (1)

（一）二维过渡金属硫化物纳米材料 (1)

1. 二维TMDs简介 (1)

（1）二维TMDs的结构和特性 (1)

（2）二维TMDs的制备方法 (3)

（3）二维TMDs的应用 (4)

（二）二硫化钽（TaS2） (5)

1. 二硫化钽（TaS2）的结构与性质 (5)

2. 二硫化钽（TaS2）的主要合成方法 (6)

（1）高温烧制法 (6)

（2）化学气相沉积法（CVD） (6)

3. 二硫化钽（TaS2）的应用 (7)

第二章二硫化钽（TAS2）的制备及表征 (7)

（一）引言 (7)

（二）实验部分 (8)

1. 药品和仪器 (8)

（1）主要药品试剂 (8)

（2）主要实验仪器 (8)

2. 实验方法 (8)

3. 表征方法 (8)

（1）X射线衍射（XRD） (8)

（2）扫描电子显微镜（SEM） (9)

（三）实验结果及讨论 (9)

（四）实验改进及结果 (12)

参考文献 (14)

致谢 (16)

二维层状纳米材料制备与应用研究

摘要：在过去数十年间，二维纳米原料因其特殊的物理和化学性质，引起了人们强烈的兴趣。其一般从大体积层状晶体像石墨和二硫化物里获取。过渡金属硫化物因其独特的结构与石墨烯相类似但是具有一些优于石墨烯的特性，并且在光、电等性能方面具有广阔的前景，因此近几年来，人们对2D过渡金属二硫化物（TMDs）的研究越来越重视。合成TMDs方法主要是自上而下以及自下而上，自上而下主要为剥离法，将原本的TMDs剥离至原子层厚度，而自下而上主要为化学气相沉积（CVD），该方式是指金属氧化物和硫属前驱体的共同蒸发，然后导致气相反应，最后在合适的底物上形成二维TMDs。本课题研究的主要内容是二硫化钽（TaS2）的制备以及其表征，二硫化钽是黑色晶体，不溶于水、盐酸、稍溶于氢氟酸、硫酸和硝酸，由钽粉和硫粉加热高温烧制或CVD技术制得。最后将制备出的反应物进行XRD表征，分析结果，获得其成分，同时通过扫描电子显微镜来观察其表面形态样貌。整个研究过程通过不断改善实验条件及实验环境来提高得到的样品的质量。同时二硫化钽纳米带具有高导通场以及低发射电流密度，因此其纳米带可以被制成超导或场发射纳米器件。

关键词：纳米材料；二维过渡金属二硫化物（2D TMDs）；化学气相沉积（CVD）；高温烧制；二硫化钽（TaS2）；X射线衍射；扫描电子显微镜

Synthesis and Application of Two-dimensional Layered

Nano-materials

Abstract：Over the past few decades, two-dimensional nanomaterials have attracted a lot of interest due to their unique physical and chemical properties, which is typically obtained from bulk lamellar crystals such as graphite and disulfide. The transition metal sulfide has a broad prospect because of its unique structure similar to graphene but has some advantages over graphene and has excellent prospects for optical and electrical properties. In recent years, researches of the transition metal sulfide (TMDs) get more and more attention. The method of synthesizing TMDs is divided into top-down and bottom-up, the top-down mainly include stripping, which is stripping the bulk TMDs to the thickness of the atomic layer, and bottom-up mainly for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) that refers to the co-evaporation of metal oxides and sulfide precursors, which in turn leads to gas phase reactions and finally the formation of two-dimensional TMDs on a suitable substrate. We mainly make a research for the preparation and characterization of tantalum disulfide (TaS2). Tantalum disulfide is a kind of black crystal, insoluble in water, hydrochloric acid, slightly soluble in hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid, which is heated by High temperature sintering or CVD technology by tantalum powder and sulfur powder. Finally, the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, and their diffraction patterns were analyzed. Then we can obtain the composition of the samples. Also, the morphology of the samples was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The entire research process improves the quality of the sample by continually improving the experimental conditions and the experimental environment.At the same time, the tantalum nanotubes have high conduction field and low emission current density, so the they can be made into superconducting or field emission nanometer devices. Key Words:Nano-materials；Two-dimensional transition metal disulfide (2D TMDs)；Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)；High temperature sintering；Tantalum disulfide (TaS2)；X-ray diffraction；scanning electron microscopy