2019年高考英语一轮复习练习：练案30 含解析 精品

练案[30]选修六Unit 5The power of nature
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A
(2017·广东省深圳市一调)导学号 17692929 Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels, but one local entrepreneur decided that canning and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea.Believe it or not, he was right.
After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France, Canada or Australia and selling it in China, Dominic Johnson－Hill, a British－born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop, decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad.
“I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia, so I thought it was time to push business the other way，”the entrepreneur said.“They're perfect gifts! What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing? A roast duck? A Plastered T－shirt? These cans are light, portable, you can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”
The few mouth－fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a snarky description of the contents：“a unique blend of nitrogen, oxygen and some other stuff”．The tongue－in－cheek souvenirs cost 28 RMB (US$4) and are available at the Plastered 8 shop, as well as on its online shop.But if you're actually considering buying some, you'd better ask shop, as they are virtually flying off the shelves.Johnson－Hill told Ruptly that his shop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day.
Personally, the well－sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions.Yet one thing that's not particularly clear is if the air is really collected from Beijing, as the cans are labeled as“Made in Shenzhen”．There's a big chance that's just Plastered 8 humor, as they also list“Choking Hazard”and“May have come into contact with nuts”as warnings.
Anyway, it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment.
文章大意：罐装北京空气大受欢迎。

1．What are many people in Beijing likely to do with the smoggy air？__D__
A．Try to get used to it.B．Can it as a souvenir.
C．Sell it all over the world.D．Try their best to avoid it.
解析：推理判断题。

由第一段第一句话“Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air, especially when it reaches critical pollution levels...”可知，北京居
民努力避免吸入雾霾。

2．How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas？__B__
A．Satisfied.B．Surprised.
C．Frightened.D．Refreshed.
解析：推理判断题。

由第三段最后一句话“These cans are light, portable, you can just imagine someone's face when they unwrap it for Christmas.”可推知。

3．Which of the following can replace the underlined w ord“stuff”in Paragraph 4？__B__ A．liquids B．objects
C．minerals D．risks
解析：猜测词义题。

氢气、氧气和其他物质的混合体。

4．What can we infer from the passage？__C__
A．There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air.
B．The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour.
C．The writer may expect us to care more about the environment.
D．Dominic Johnson－Hill is a British man who lives in Beijing.
解析：推理判断题。

由第五段第一句话和最后一段可知，作者期望我们关注环境。

B
(2018·惠州市高三第二次调研)导学号 17692930 Are you content with the shape of your nose? If not, the climate may be to blame, not your parents.
This is according to a recent study carried out by scientists from Pennsylvania State University, US.They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses.The findings were based on an examination of the size and shape of noses of 476 people from four regions—West Africa, East Asia, South Asia and Northern Europe, using 3－D facial imaging technology.
“People have thought for a long time the difference in nose shape among humans across the world may have arisen as a result of natural selection because of climate，”Arslan Zaidi, one of the lead authors of the study, told The Guardian.But while previous studies were based on measurements from human skulls, Zaidi and his team looked at nose shape itself.
The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climates, while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climates.That, Zaidi said, could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture(潮湿) content of air and warm it，which is easier on our lungs.This, in turn, led to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator.
More study is still needed to test the link between climate and nose shape, but Zaidi believes the current findings are valuable in understanding potential health issue.“As we become more of
a global community, we are going to come across climates that we are not adapted to，” he told the Guardian.This means moving to a very different climate might increase the risk of breathing problems.However, he added, “This may not be necessarily true for various reasons such as of modern medicine and the fact that our current climate is very different from what it used to be.”
文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。

研究表明人的鼻子的形状不是由父母决定的，而是由生活的气候塑造的。

5．From the passage we know most people from Singapore have__A__ noses.
A．wider B．narrower
C．smaller D．larger
解析：考查细节理解。

根据第四段第一句“The result showed that wider noses are more common in warm and humid climate，while narrower noses are more common in cold and dry climate”可知居住在温暖潮湿环境中的人的鼻子普遍更宽，而居住在寒冷干燥环境中的人的鼻子普遍更窄，又因新加坡在温暖湿润地区，故大部分新加坡人有着较宽的鼻子。

6．Narrower noses are helpful to__B__.
A．cool the air B．warm the air
C．take in more oxygen D．dry the air
解析：考查细节理解。

根据第四段第二句“That，Zaidi said，could be because narrower nasal passages help to increase the moisture(潮湿)content of air and warm it，which is easier on our lungs”可知狭窄的鼻孔能温暖进入鼻孔的空气。

7．What can be learned about the study?__C__
A．Zaidi's team measured human skull using 3－D technology.
B．Shapes of our noses are determined by our parents.
C．Nose shape helps people adapt to the environment.
D．It's certain that people will suffer from more breathing problems.
解析：考查推理判断。

根据文章第四段最后两句“That，Zaidi said，could be because narrower nasal passages...to a gradual decrease in nose width in populations living far away from the equator”可知鼻子的形状会慢慢改变来适应气候，故C正确。

8．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?__D__
A．What factors shape noses?
B．How to make your nose attractive?
C．Nose shapes cause breathing problems
D．Climate shapes noses
解析：考查主旨大意。

根据全文，特别是从第一、二段的研究结果“the climate may be to blame，not your parents”“They found that climate played a key role in shaping our noses”可知
D最恰当，即气候塑造鼻子的形状。

Ⅱ.语法填空导学号 17692931阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2017·河南百校联盟高三质监)
When policy exp erts debate climate change solutions, they often talk about “a price on carbon”．They are 1.arguing(argue) about whether companies should pay when they put carbon pollution in the air.Carbon pollution, like every other from of pollution, 2.has(have) an impact on the environment. 3.Throwing(throw) waste into a river will cause the fish to die and the people 4.who/that drink the water to get sick.And when you produce carbon pollution, you get climate change—sea level rise, stronger storms, severe droughts damage to agriculture, and more.All of those impacts cost money.Insurance rates go up when storms get more 5.destructive (destruction)．Taxes increase when cities have to rebuild bridges and itary budgets go up when droughts and population 6.changes(change) cause conflict, not to mention impacts on agriculture and health care costs.In other words, the price on carbon is 7.what we all pay when there is no market force 8.to limit(limit) the pollution that causes climate change.So the debate is 9.really(real) about who will pay that price—10.the companies which are making a profit from the fossil fuels, or the taxpayers who pick up the cost now?
文章大意：文章描述了环境污染给人类带来的危害，谁应该对此负责呢？
解析：
1．考查时态。

根据句意，此处表示“他们正在就……进行争辩”，表示现阶段正在进行的动作，故应该用现在进行时。

2．考查时态和主谓一致。

本文是现在时态，且主语是第三人称单数，因此要用has。

3．考查非谓语动词。

根据语法，此处缺少主语，作主语的动词形式常常用动名词形式。

4．考查关系词。

根据句意以及语法，此处指的是前面的the people，在后面的句子中作drink的主语，故应该用who或that来引导定语从句。

5．考查词性变化。

此处表示“破坏性的”，应该使用destruction的形容词形式。

6．考查名词的数。

根据句意，此处指“人口数量的变化”，表示复数意义，故应该使用可数名词的复数形式。

7．考查连接词。

此处用于引导is的表语从句，表语从句中pay的宾语缺失，表示物的意义，且无疑问概念，故应该用连接代词what来引导表语从句。

8．考查非谓语动词。

force的后臵定语常用不定式，此处表示“限制污染的市场推动力”。

9．考查副词。

此处用于修饰谓语动词is about who…，故应该用real的副词形式really。

10．考查冠词。

根据句意，此处指“从燃烧化石燃料中获利的那些公司”，为特指意义，故应该使用定冠词the。

Ⅲ．短文改错导学号 17692932
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误仅限1词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

(2017·浙江六校联考)
One Sunday, I was reading my book while it suddenly occurred to me that it was mother birthday the next day.However, I forgot it complete.I was worried that I didn't prepare any present to her.At that moment, idea of online shopping came to my mind.I clicked the mouse and search some famous shopping websites.Having compared the prices of many dress, I chose one with a reasonable price which I supposed Mum would appreciate it and bought it as soon as possible.The next day I received the dress as expected without get out of my room.You see, online shopping is very convenient that it has made our life colorful.
答案：
One Sunday, I was reading my book while
when it suddenly occurred to me that it was mother
mother's
birthday the next day.However, I forgot it complete
completely
.I was worried that I didn't prepare any
present to
for her.At that moment, ∧
the
idea of online shopping came to my mind.I clicked the
mouse and search
searched
some famous shopping websites.Having compared the prices of many
dress
dresses
，I chose one with a reasonable price which I supposed Mum would appreciate it and
bought it as soon as possible.The next day I received the dress as expected without get
getting
out of
my room.You see, online shopping is very
so
convenient that it has made our life colorful.
解析：
1．命题立意：考查连词。

while→when。

当我正在读书时，我突然意识到第二天是母亲的生日。

英语中be doing sth.when...是一个固定句型，意思是“正在做某事时，突然……”。

2．命题立意：考查名词。

mother→mother's。

此处表示“母亲的生日”，要用名词所有格。

3．命题立意：考查副词。

complete→completely。

修饰动词forgot要用副词形式。

4．命题立意：考查介词。

to→for。

prepare sth.for sb.是固定用法，意思是“为某人准备某物”。

5．命题立意：考查冠词。

在idea前加the。

由于idea后面有介词短语of online shopping修饰，表示特指，所以要用定冠词the。

6．命题立意：考查时态。

search→searched。

根据句子结构判断，and连接两个并列的谓语，故用searched，与clicked 并列。

7．命题立意：考查名词。

dress→dresses。

由于该名词前有many修饰，所以要用复数形式。

8．命题立意：考查定语从句。

去掉it。

分析句子结构可知，which I supposed Mum would appreciate是一个定语从句，修饰先行词price，which在从句中作appreciate的宾语，所以应删除it。

9．命题立意：考查非谓语动词。

get→getting。

在介词without之后要用动词－ing形式。

10．命题立意：考查连词。

very→so。

分析句子结构及语境可知，此处为so...that...结构，表示“如此……以至于……”。