人教版必修三教师用书：Unit+3+Section+Ⅲ Grammar——宾语从句和表语从句

Section ⅢGrammar——宾语从句和表语从句
[语境自主领悟]
一、名词性从句的连接词
1．that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。

We learnt from his letter (that)he would come to Shanghai soon.
从他的信中我们了解到他不久会来上海。

[名师点津]宾语从句中两种情况中的连接词that不能省略；
①引导的第二个宾语从句前的that不可省；
②在动词＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语＋that引导的宾语从句中that不能省略。

He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that you were asked not to care about it.
他说你太年轻，还无法理解这件事情，你也不要去管它。

We think it important that every citizen should obey the traffic rules.我们认为每个市民都应该遵守交通规则是很重要的。

[即时训练1]
单句改错
①He said he would give up the chance and he would try hard to look for another one.在and后加that
②We found it strange no one would take the money.在strange后加that
2．whether或if引导的宾语从句
whether或if引导宾语从句时，在句中不充当成分，但是含“是否”之意，从句要用陈述语序。

I wonder whether/if we'll finish the task on time.
我不知道我们能否按时完成这项任务。

I'll see whether/if I can advise him to accept it.
我要看看我是否能劝他接受。

[名师点津]
用whether而不用if引导宾语从句的情况：
①作介词的宾语时，只能用whether；
②与or或or not连用时只能用whether；
③用于There's some doubt whether...句型中；
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。

I want to know whether it's good news or not.
我想知道这是不是好消息。

We discussed whether we should use the money to buy a new house.
我们讨论了是否该用这笔钱来买套新房子。

There is some doubt whether he will come in time.
他是否能及时赶到值得怀疑。

3．连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever和连接副词when，where，how，why这些连接词都有词义，除引导从句外，还在从句中充当一定的
成分，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。

这种宾语从句有疑问意义，但不是疑问句，不能用疑问语序，而要用陈述语序。

The police asked me how the accident happened.
警察问我事故是怎么发生的。

(how作状语)
He wanted to know what the manager had said at the meeting.他想知道经理在会议上说了些什么。

(what作宾语)
Do you know who will be sent to work in Xinjiang?
你知道会派谁去新疆工作吗？(who作主语)
He didn't tell me when we would meet again.
他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见。

(when作状语)
Can I speak to whoever is in charge of this project?
我能和负责这个项目的人谈谈吗？(whoever作主语)
[名师点津]
“疑问词＋­ever”结构的词可以引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。

而“no matter＋疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句。

[明辨异同]what和which引导宾语从句的区别
) 他们想看看哪家商店提供的服务最好。

[即时训练2]
用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空
①I wonder how you are getting on with your studies.
②Can you tell me when he will come back?
③Can you help me to find out whose wallet it is？【导学号：65162021】
4．it作形式宾语
当某些动词后的宾语从句之后有宾语补足语(通常是形容词或名词)时，通常以it代替that 宾语从句作形式宾语，这时that不可省略。

常见的这类动词有find，think，consider，take，feel等。

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.
我认为我们每天多喝开水是有必要的。

We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.我们发现我们按时完成工作有困难。

5．宾语从句的虚拟语气
表示“建议、命令、要求、决定、主张”等动词后的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即“should ＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。

这类动词主要有insist，order，demand等。

He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means.
他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。

[巧学助记]
后接宾语从句常用虚拟语气的动词口诀：
“一二三四”
一个坚持(insist)；
两个命令(order，command)；
三条建议(advise，suggest，recommend)；
四项要求(demand，desire，require，request)。

[即时训练3]
完成句子
①我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐的平衡。

I suggest that you (should)keep the balance
between your study and entertainment.
②如果你想通过考试，我劝你要勤奋。

I advise that you (should)be diligent if you want to pass the exam.
③我已表明我不会接受这份工作的。

I have made it clear that I will not accept this job.
三、表语从句
1．that引导的表语从句
用法：①无意义②不充当成分③不可省略
The reason for his absence is that he hasn't been informed.他缺席的原因是他没接到通知。

My suggestion is that we should tell him.
我的建议是我们应该告诉他。

2．whether引导的表语从句
The point is whether we should lend him the money.关键在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

[名师点津]if不能引导表语从句。

3．连接代词和连接副词引导的表语从句
The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.
问题是谁才真正适合做这份艰苦的工作。

This is what I am interested in.
这就是我所感兴趣的。

That's where I first met her.
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。

4．because，as if/though等引导的表语从句
It's just because he doesn't know her.
这仅仅是因为他不认识她。

Now it seems as though she had known Millie for years.现在好像她认识米莉已有好多年了似的。

[即时训练4]
用where，when，that填空
①Look at the high mountain.That is where we will get.
②The first time we met each other was when we studied in that school.
③My advice is that we ( should ) work together.
5．why和because引导的表语从句的区别
果)
我没有给她打电话。

那就是她对我生气的原因。

I didn't phone her，and that's because I got angry with her.(强调“生气”这一原因)
我没有给她打电话。

那是因为我生她的气了。

[即时训练5]
用why，that，because填空
①It was raining hard；that was why I came late.
②I came late；that was because it was raining hard.
③The reason why I came late was that it was raining hard.
6．表语从句中的虚拟语气
在表语从句中，表示间接的命令、要求、请求、建议、决定等，主句中的主语通常是：advice，suggestion，proposal，request，order，idea等，从句谓语形式是“should＋动词原形”(should 可以省略)。

My advice is that you(should)practise speaking English as often as possible.
我的建议是你应该尽可能经常地练习说英语。

[语法应用落实]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree­lined street，not knowing where she was heading.
2．We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20，half of what it used to charge.
3．She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library，and I admitted that I hadn't.
4．The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.
5．A ship in harbor is safe，but that's not what ships are built for.
6．We must find out when Karl is coming，so we can book a room for him.
7．I truly believe that beauty comes from within.
8．If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate what is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.
【导学号：65162022】9．The exhibition tells us why we should do something to stop air pollution.
10．—I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.
—By working out every day.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．I'm wondering whether you would like to spend time with us(你是否愿意和我们度过这段时光)．
2．I read about your reform of the school English newspaper，and that's why I'm writing to voice my opinion(我给你写信发表我自己观点的原因)．
3．问题是他们是否能帮我们。

The question is whether they will be able to help us.
4．那是因为他没有理解我。

That was because he didn't understand me.
5．他们想看看哪家商店提供的服务最好。

They wanted to see which shop would offer the best service.。