英语国家概况学习笔记---1

英语国家概况学习笔记

Land and People

Great Britain is the largest island in Europe .It is made up of England , Scotland ,and Wales .Together with Northern Ireland ,It forms the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. This is the full name of the country which constitutes all these places .The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, or the United Kingdom , is “the UK ”for short. However, most people call the UK ”Britain”or ”Great Britain ”,and some people simply say “England” ,which is incorrect and particularly annoys the Scots.

Great Britain是欧洲最大的岛屿，由英国，苏格兰和威尔士组成。与北爱尔兰一起，它构成了大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。这是这些所有这些地方的国家的全称。The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland或United Kingdom或是简称“the UK”。然而，大多数人称The UK 为“Britain”或“Great Britain”，还有些人只是说“England”，这是错误的，特别使苏格兰人的烦恼。

According to the 2011 census, the total population of the UK was around 63million.It is the third –largest in the European Union (behind Germany and France ) and the 22nd-largest in the word.

根据2011年人口普查，英国总人口约为6300万人，是欧盟第三大（落后于德国和法国），排在第二十二位。

The UK is a developed country .According to 2013 statistics it has the

sixth-largest national economy in the world(and third-largest in Europe)measured by nominal GDP and eighth-largest in the world (and second-largest in Europe) measured by purchasing power parity (ppp).It was the world ‘s first industrialized country and the world’s foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries .

The UK remains a great power because it still has considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally.

英国是一个发达国家。根据2013年的统计数据，它拥有世界第六大国民经济(以及欧洲第三大经济体)，以名义GDP和世界第八大(按购买力平价衡量)为世界第八大(欧洲第二大)。在19世纪和20世纪初，它是世界上第一个工业化国家，也是世界上最重要的国家。英国仍是一个巨大的力量,因为它仍然有相当大的经济、文化、军事、科学和在国际上的政治影响力。

The capital of the UK is London . which is among the world’s leading commercial, financial, and cultural centers.

Other major cities include Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester in England ,Belfast and Londonderry in Northern Ireland ,Edinburgh and Glasgow in Scotland ,and Swansea and Cardiff in Wales.

英国的首都是伦敦。它是世界领先的商业、金融和文化中心之一。英格兰其他主要城市包括伯明翰、利物浦和英格兰的曼彻斯特；北爱尔兰的贝尔法斯特和伦敦德里；苏格兰的爱丁堡和格拉斯哥；威尔士

的斯旺西和加的夫。

I.Geographical Features地理特征

1.The UK’s Geographical Location and Its Size

英国地理位置及其大小

The UK is bordered on the south by the English Channel.

It is bordered on east by the North Sea,

And on the west by the Irish sea and the Atlantic Ocean.

The UK’s only land border with another nation is between Northern Ireland and Ireland.

英国在南部由英吉利海峡接壤，东接北海，西面由爱尔兰海和大西洋接壤。英国与另一个国家的唯一陆地边界是在北爱尔兰和爱尔兰之间。

The UK separated from the rest of Europe by English Channel. The English Channel between England and France is quite narrow and the narrowest part is called the Straits of Dover, which is only 33km

across. In 1985 the British government and the French government decided to build a channel under the Straits of Dover so that England and France could be joined together by road. After eight years of hard word this channel tunnel , which is called “Chunnel”, was open to

traffic in may 1994.

英国通过英吉利海峡与欧洲其他地区分开。英格兰和法国之间的英吉利海峡很窄，最窄的部分叫做多佛海峡，只有33公里宽。