实例讲解托福写作中遣词造句的要求

新托福写作的评分标准和雅思写作的评分标准基本相似，在语言上的考察点也很高，所以托福写作备考一定要引起高度的重视。词汇的重要性，包括遣词和造句两个方面。

在托福写作备考中，遣词要做到恰当、有变化及具体表达。

一、恰当

所谓恰当，除了拼写准确外，主要是体现在搭配恰当上。例如，修饰名词的形容词和名词必须搭配恰当，动词和宾语必须搭配恰当。此外，托福写作时不能完全依赖翻译，尤其是词不达意的翻译。否则，很有可能出现了错误的搭配，导致考官无法理解，下面是一些常见的搭配错误：

1. prompt &promote

不少考生没法区分两个词prompt(促使)和promote(促进)之间的区别。我们通过两个句子来看一下。

错误用法：There are three factors that promote people to go abroad。

正确用法：There are three factors that prompt people to go abroad。

2. enrich & make … prosper

有些学生将enrich理解为“使富裕”，虽然不能说全错，但是现在主要的意思是“使丰富”，如词组：enrich one’s

experience。

错误用法： Factories, which enrich the remote areas for example, may also lead

to environmental problems。

正确用法： Factories which make the remote areas prosper, for example, may also

lead to environmental problems。

3. train & develop

表示“培养，养成”等意思时，容易不假思索地使用train，但是正确的词汇是develop, cultivate, nurture等。如：

错误用法： The younger generations are hoped to train their independence as soon

as possible。

正确用法： The younger generations are hoped to develop their independence as

soon as possible。

二、有变化

所谓有变化，就是指考生在新托福写作中，一个词最好只出现一次，第二次或后几次出现时用其他的词来替换。替换的方法有同义词，语法结构的变化，以及下义词等方法。下面新东方托福考试网将为考生们一一讲解。

1. 同义词

关于老年人的话题在新托福考试中曾经出现过，情况对“老年人”的多样表达：

the elderly, the old, the aged, ageing population, the retired, senior

citizens

下面是新托福材料中，摘抄的两段话，非常形象的体现了一个词的多样表达，先看第一段，请大家注意“奇怪的”这个词在这一段话中的使用：

Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All

living creatures, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but

everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said

about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost

continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can

be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?

又如，在下文中，四个词形式不同，但都是“显著的”意思。

In 1900, the United States had only three cities with more than a million

residents---New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. By 1930, it had ten giant

metropolises. The newer ones experiencedremarkable growth, which reflected basic

changes in the economy. The population of Los Angeles(114000 in 1900) rose

spectacularly in the early decades of the twentieth century, increasing a

dramatic 1400 percent from 1900 to 1930. A number of circumstances contributed

to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles。

以上就是托福写作考试中对遣词造句的要求，希望对大家托福写作备考有帮助。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。

本文部分信息来源于可可英语网。如有任何问题，请联系点课台管理员进行修改或删除。

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22. glamorous 富有魅力的 23. gorgeous 辉煌的 24. impressive 令人印象深刻的 25. incompatible 不和适宜的 26. indifferent 冷漠的 27. indispensable 不可或缺的 28. inexhaustible 取之不尽的 29. infectious 传染性的 30. influential 有影响力的 31. inhumane 不人道的 32. innocent 多管闲事的, 无辜的 33. instructive 智力的 34. intellectual 智力的 35. interpersonal 人际间的 36. irreparable 不可弥补的 37. luxurious 奢侈的 38. mature 成熟的 39. misleading 误导的 40. misrepresented 不如实叙述的 41. money-oriented 拜金的 42. nourishing 有营养的 43. old-fashioned/out of date 过时的 44. perilous 危险的 45. permissive 宽容的;许可的 46. pornographic 色情的

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正常句： However, new zoos try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. 插入语： New zoos, however, try to duplicate animals’natural habitats as much as possible and give animals a fortable amount of space. (连词however做插入语) 主语多样 1. 她突然想到了一个主意。 She suddenly had an idea. 通常情况下，考生会马上对这句话进行翻译，基本不会动句子结构。但是以人作为主语的英语句子总是不能够很吸引人，所以这个句子如果稍微做下修改，以后面的宾语“主意”做主语，这个句子会发生一些变化。 An idea suddenly ourred to her. 2. 他开车心不在焉，几乎闯祸。 He was absent-minded when driving, and almost caused an aident. 这句话依然是拿人做主语，稍微改一下，把心不在焉这个形容词的名词形式做主语，会大不相同。 His absence of mind during driving nearly caused an aident. 3. 美利坚合众国创立于1789年。

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数量词一些a range of ; a variety of ; a series of ; an array of 无数innumerable ; countless 许多plenty of ; many ; much ; a great deal of ; a lot of ; ample 非常多（大）的tremendous 依序列举list in sequence 时间词过时的outdated ; antiquated ; outmoded ; obsolete ; anachronistic 短暂的ephemeral ; transitory ; transient ; short-lived 不合时宜的anachronism 可持久的durable ; able to stand wear ; last a long time 一再time after time ; again and again 初始的preliminary 前述的aforementioned ; aforesaid ; former 自古到今from ancient times to the present day ; down through the ages 年轻人young people ; youngster ; youth ; young adult 老式的old-fashioned ; out of date ; dated 偶尔from time to time ; now and then ; once in a while ; at times 时常often ; frequently ; repeatedly 永远的eternal ; perpetual ; lasting throughout life 重整办事优先顺序reshape priorities 目前so far ; by far 一次就可完成的事one-time event 正/反意见（opinion）骂yell at ; reprimand ; chide ; scold ; reprove 支持support ; endorse ; back up ; uphold 谴责condemn ; express strong disapproval of 错的mistaken ; erroneous ; wrong incorrect 错事wrongdoing ; had acts ; misbehavior 做相反的do the reverse of ; do the opposite 归咎blam e…on ; put the blam e on … ;…is to blame 瓦解disintegrate ; break up ; separate into small parts 支持某一方in favor of ; on the side of 不会犯错的infallible 意见不和clashes of opinion 一致的unanimous ; in complete agreement 不恰当inappropriate ; improper ; unsuitable ; inadequate 批判criticize ; blame; find fault with ; make judgments of the merits and faults of…我们想念…we are convinced that…; we are certain that.. 我愿意I incline to; I am inclined to; I am willing to; I tend to 有用的useful ; of use; serviceable; good for; instrumental; productive 有意义的meaningful; fulfilling 他们不愿承认这一点they have always been reluctant to admit thi s… 在大家同意下by common consent of… 否定deny; withhold; negate 承认admit; acknowledge; confess; concede 于事无补of no help; of no avail; no use 使…受益benefit…; do good t o…; is good for…; is of great benefit t o… 成语及俗语及搭配方式想法frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking 想出come up with 找出come up with; find out 利用use; take advantage of

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二. 知识与教育 (一)知识与智能 knowledge，n．知识，学问；认识；知道 knowledge acquisition 知识获取 knowledge hierarchy 知识体系 structure of knowledge 知识结构 comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识 scope of knowledge 知识面 value of knowledge 知识价值 knowledge industry 知识产业 knowledge management 知识管理 the aging of knowledge 知识老化 spread scientific knowledge 传播科学知识 thirst for knowledge 求知欲 Knowledge is infinite．／There is no limit to knowledge．学无止境(学海无涯)。 knowledgeable n．知识渊博的；有见识的 become knowledgable and professional 知识化、专业化 erudition n．博学，博识；学问；知识 erudite a．博学的，有学问的；n．博学之上，有学问的人 learned a．有学问的，博学的；精通某门学科的 a learned man 学者 learning n．知识；学问 book learning 书本知识 a man of great learning 博学之上，学问高深的人 have little learning 学识浅薄 an emergent branch of learning 一门新兴的学问 episteme n．(哲)知识 epistemic n．(哲)(关于)认识的；(关于)知识的 letters n．[用作单或复]文学；学问；文化修养 a man of letters文人 lore n．学问，知识；(有关某一学科的)全部知识 scholarship n．学术成就；学问，学识；奖学金 scholarly a．学者气质的；学者风度的

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十三个万能理由_托福写作

十三个万能理由一.成就感(achievement) 关键词句: a sense of achievement virtuous cycle 良性循环grand feat/exploit 辉煌的业绩attainment of goals elevate our self-esteem be conductive to self-actualization 有助于自我实现万能段落：By doing (something), we can enjoy a sense of achievement. The feat of accomplishing is conductive to self-actualization, which will inevitably elevate our self-esteem. Inflated esteem will proportionally contribute to even more solid achievement. This is virtuous cycle toward a better career. For example, I have a relative who works in a big company. He was once awarded the opportunity to travel abroad that excited him for quite a long time. After that he worked even harder and gained the elevated esteem. 二.被认可感(acknowledgement) 关键词句: A willing ox 任劳任怨的人selfless contribution the stat of being recognized a sense of belonging provide satisfaction motivation for further improvement 万能段落: By acknowledgement, I mean the state of being recognized. When we are recognized by our company (school/college/group/community or society), we can experience a sense of belonging. The feeling of being recognized provides satisfaction and motivation for further improvement. Hence, when a person can be identified by others, the subsequent outcome can be beyond imagination. Bill Gates, through luck, diligence, and team spirit leads Microsoft to splendor. And he distributes his wealth generously, which won him a name: the greatest philanthropist around the world. His success is acknowledged by our society. And his satisfaction index can be higher than that of any other peers. 三.健康(health) 关键词句: ingredients to sound health 健康的要素physical health psychological health well-adjusted to the society sound health as fit as a fiddle 身体好discard health hazard robust strength 体力充沛Health is above wealth. 万能段落：Fresh air, clean water and nutritious food are indispensable ingredients to sound health. So if we live in good environment and enjoy healthful diet, our physical health can be guaranteed. Also if we have positive hobbies like reading and other mental pursuits, our psychological health can be elevated. Anyway, health is above wealth, we should exert our efforts to discard health hazard in order to attain a better life. 四.安全(safety) 关键词句: be protected against failure, damage a sense of security facilitate the harmony of society Safety is the top priority. 万能段落：Safety refers to the condition of being protected against failure, damage, error, accidents, harm, et cetera. Safety is usually our main concern. 五.方便(convenience) 关键词句: perform daily errands 从事日常业务get easy access to 容易接近do not have to exert ourselves too much 不用太费力气Convenience matters.便利至关重要万能段落：Convenience means being suitable and useful for us to carry out daily tasks. If something is convenient and easy to be made use of, we get easy access it, then the potential can be fully exploited. We do not have to exert ourselves too much to obtain the benefit. As a result, we can devote more time and efforts to accomplishing other business that is urgent and pivotal.

托福独立写作常用词汇disadvantage使用语法搭配细节实例讲解

托福独立写作常用词汇disadvantage使用语法搭配细节实例讲解托福独立写作因为其立论文的写作要求，所以某些特定词汇的使用频率会变得很高。下面就和大家分享托福独立写作常用词汇disadvantage使用语法搭配细节实例讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。托福独立写作常用词汇disadvantage使用语法搭配细节实例讲解托福独立写作常用词汇disadvantage定义分析想要用好一个词汇，大家要做的第一件事是了解这个词汇的准确定义，disadvantage的定义是a quality or condition that puts something or someone in an unfavorable or inferior position compared to others. 这里需要注意的是compared to others这个细节部分，也就是说这个词是用来对比的，换句话说，很多时候所谓的disadvantage其实都是相对而说的，如果没有对比对象，那么这个词汇也是不能随意使用的，它和shortcome还是存在一定区别的。

托福独立写作常用词disadvantage搭配用法实例精讲 1. disadvantage of sth. 这个用法应该是disadvantage比较常见的一个用法了，也就是某件事的缺点坏处，来看下面这些例句： a. The disadvantage of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education. b. One disadvantage of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education. c. One of the disadvantages of living in the countryside is the poor quality of education. 需要注意的是，disadvantage of sth.的用法最好用在句首部分，如果是虚词结构(expletive construction)的句式比如There is/are之类的句子，就不要再直接接上disadvantage of sth.了，否则这种句子读上去很不自然，一般老外是不会这么写的，比如下面这几个句子，中国考生可能看不出什么问题，但老外考官读起来说不定就不太舒服了： a. There are many disadvantages to living in the countryside. b. There are many disadvantages in living in the countryside. 2. at a disadvantage