希腊主权债务危机案例分析

希腊主权债务危机案例分析

摘要

本文以希腊主权债务危机为例，分析了希腊主权债务危机的发展、演变过程，以及分析了引发希腊产生债务危机的原因及其产生的影响。文章要解决的问题包括：希腊没有把借来的外债有效地用到发展生产和扩大贸易上去，没有使借到的货币通过生产和贸易，生产出更多商品和劳务从而为债务埋下隐患。希腊的 GDP 增长落后于债务增长，希腊把借到的钱直接用来给公务员和工人发放工资，提高社会福利，扩大消费。欧元的发行权在欧洲中央银行，因此希腊政府丧失了货币主权，他所实行财政政策没有货币政策相配合，无法起到扩大需求、促进生产、发展贸易和提高 GDP 的目的。希腊政府失去了管理自己国家经济的权力，这意味着希腊政府对自己债务危机无能为力，只有靠欧盟其他国家帮助了。

马克思认为举债就是信用，借债和还债过程就是货币转化为资本的过程。只要债务能帮助增加生产，能帮助扩大贸易，那么，债务国不但能偿还债务，而且还能增加自己的财富。当代经济学家萨缪尔森认为，只要国内的潜在的生产能力没有被利用，只要债务能够促使 GDP 增加，那么，就不会爆发危机，而且还能够促进生产和贸易，能提高社会福利。因此解决希腊债务危机，国际社会、欧元区要给与大力援助，还需要希腊本身的不断努力，主要需要调整经济结构以及改变福利政策。希腊主权债务危机的启示包括：东亚货币一体化的建立需谨慎；地方政府的债务管理要加强；建立可持续的经济发展模式；防止外部激发因素的影响。

关键词:欧债危机；希腊主权债务危机；欧洲一体化；

Abstract

Based on Greece's sovereign-debt crisis, for example, analysis of Greece's sovereign debt crisis, development, evolution, and caused Greece's debt crisis and its impact. Article issues to resolve include: Greece borrowed foreign debt had not been effectively used to develop production and increase trade, not to borrow money through the production and trade, to produce more goods and services and thus lay hidden debt. Greece's GDP growth lagged behind the debt growth, Greece to borrow money to pay for civil servants and workers, improving social welfare and boosting consumption. The distribution rights of the euro on the European Central Bank, Greece Government lost its monetary sovereignty, no monetary policy of his fiscal policy, cannot play domestic demand and boost production, the purpose of developing trade and GDP. Greece Government lost power to manage their own economic, which means Greece Government's debt crises, only by other European Union countries to help.

Marx believed that the debt is credit, debt and debt servicing is the process of money into capital. As long as the debt can help increase production and can help expand trade, then, can not only repay debts of debtor countries, but also to increase their wealth. Contemporary economist Paul Samuelson believes that as long as the country's potential capacity is not to be used, as long as the debt to GDP increased, there would be no crisis, but also to promote production and trade, to improve social welfare. Solution to Greece's debt crisis, the international community, the euro zone to give assistance, also Greece's own efforts, mainly need to adjust the economic structure as well as changes in welfare policy. Greece's sovereign debt crisis of inspiration include: the establishment of East Asian monetary integration need to be cautious; local governments should strengthen debt management establish sustainable patterns of economic development to prevent external motivators affect.

Key words: European debt crisis; the Greek sovereign debt crisis; European integration