排放后处理耐久性试验及设计验证-美国西南研究院
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热冲பைடு நூலகம்试验
• Inlet Temperature 700°C (typical) • Water Spray or Water Submerge • Test Duration: typically 7 to 12 hours • Specified by OEM
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION
• Hot Engine Exhaust • Engine Exhaust Gas Flow Rate 100 to 200 SCFM • Inlet Temperature 850°C to 1050°C • Electrodynamic Shaker • Sine Dwell
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Vibration Control
- Sinusoid - Sine swept - Random - Sine-on-random
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
• Hot Vibration • Vibration with “Cool” Exhaust Stream • Thermal Cycle Testing • Water Quench (Thermal Shock) • Hot Vibration with Water Spray • Temperature Profile • Container Deformation Measurements • Substrate Holding Force Analyses • Inspection and Photography • On-Vehicle Vibration Measurement Studies
Testing
R
THERMAL CYCLE TESTING
TEMPERATURES AND RATES OF CHANGE
Adjustable Parameters: Tmax, Tmin, dT/dt, Cycle Time, Gas Flow Rate
R
WATER QUENCH TEST THERMAL SHOCK TEST
application)
• Electrodynamic Shaker
- Sine Dwell - Random Vibration - Stepped Vibration
R
DIESEL AFTERTREATMENT VIBRATION TESTING
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY热振动试验装置 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
- Less of a thermal degradation test
• Useful for Design Comparison
- Canning Studies (nominal vs. low limit GBD) - Design Optimization - “Cost Savings” Studies
CHARGE AMPLIFIER
SHAKER AMPLIFIER
DATA ACQUISITION COMPUTER
SHAKER TABLE
R
VIBRATION CONTROLER
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
SIGNAL CONDITIONING
THERMOCOUPLES
TEST PART
ACCELEROMETERS
- Frequency; 100 Hz - 250 Hz - Acceleration; 20 g - 75 g peak - Test Duration; 100 - 250 hours
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION
• Random Vibration
- Frequency; 50 - 2,500 Hz - Acceleration; 1 - 25 grms - Test Duration; 100 - 250 hours
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Heat Source
- CNG burner - Higher Flowrates
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
• Stepped Increase of Random Vibration Level • Highly Accelerated Durability Test
CUSTOMER DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS
- 120,000 miles (light-duty) - 150,000 miles (light heavy-duty)
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING AND ANALYSIS
• Hot Vibration Testing Combined with Water Spray
(Thermal Shock)
• Engine Exhaust, 100-200 SCFM, up to 1050°C • Vibration: Sine Dwell or Random
- Typically 25 - 100 g
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING 容器变形试验
• Measure Catalytic Converter Radial Expansion vs. Temperature
- Useful to Determine Potential Durability
• Effect of Exhaust Gas Temperature on Mat Pressure
• Aftertreatment System Vulnerable
- Substrate Support System Binders Not Completely Removed
□ Intumescent □ Non-intumescent
R
THERMAL CYCLE TESTING 热循环测试
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Vibration System
- Unholtz-Dickie Corp. - T1000 (22,000 lbf) - T2000 (20,000 lbf)
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING AND DESIGN
VALIDATION
• STRUCTURAL DUABILITY TESTING 结构耐久性试验
- Gasoline Catalytic Converter 汽油催化转化器 - Diesel Oxidation Catalyst - Diesel Particulate Filter - Selective Catalytic Reduction
• Alternate Between “Hot” and “Cool” Exhaust Gas • High Step - typically 850°C to 950°C (up to
1050°C) Low Step - typically 250°C to 350°C (min. 100°C)
• Exhaust Gas Flow Rate - 100 to 200 SCFM
Cooling Air Flow Rate - approx. 70 to 100 SCFM
• Temperature Time Rate of Change (dT/dt) Adjustable • Thermal Cycling can be Combined with Hot Vibration
• DESIGN VALIDATION 设计验证
- Verify durability over a wide range of operating conditions - OEM specific
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DESIGN VALIDATION
• VERIFY THAT THE CONVERTER ASSEMBLY MEETS
- Thermal Expansion Increases Gap of Mat - Loss of Substrate Holding Pressure - Leads to Converter Failure
• Dynamic and Permanent Container Deformation Measurement • Continuous Container Deformation; 0.025 mm Resolution • SAE 2000-01-0217
• Increased Use by OEMs and Canners
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
R
VIBRATION TESTING WITH “COOL” EXHAUST STREAM
• Similar to Vibration Testing with Hot Exhaust Gas • Exhaust Gas Stream <300°C
• Stepped Vibration Test
- Random Vibration - Incremental Increase of Acceleration - Short Duration; 5 - 10 hours
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION 催化转化器热振动
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING
AND DESIGN VALIDATION 排放后处理耐久性试验及设计验证
by
Kent B. Spreen Southwest Research Institute® Department of Engine and Emissions Research
• Water Spray Parameters Adjustable
- Typically 15 minute Hot Cycle with a 20 Second Spray Interval
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
DIESEL AFTERTREATMENT VIBRATION TESTING 柴油后处理振动试验
• OEM Durability Performance Requirements • Similar to Catalytic Converter Hot Vibration • Hot or Cool Exhaust Stream Tests (depending on
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER TEMPERATURE PROFILING
催化转化器温度测量
• Inlet Gas Temperature Controlled
• Engine Exhaust Gases Produce Specified Catalyst Exotherm
• Inlet Temperature 700°C (typical) • Water Spray or Water Submerge • Test Duration: typically 7 to 12 hours • Specified by OEM
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION
• Hot Engine Exhaust • Engine Exhaust Gas Flow Rate 100 to 200 SCFM • Inlet Temperature 850°C to 1050°C • Electrodynamic Shaker • Sine Dwell
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Vibration Control
- Sinusoid - Sine swept - Random - Sine-on-random
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
• Hot Vibration • Vibration with “Cool” Exhaust Stream • Thermal Cycle Testing • Water Quench (Thermal Shock) • Hot Vibration with Water Spray • Temperature Profile • Container Deformation Measurements • Substrate Holding Force Analyses • Inspection and Photography • On-Vehicle Vibration Measurement Studies
Testing
R
THERMAL CYCLE TESTING
TEMPERATURES AND RATES OF CHANGE
Adjustable Parameters: Tmax, Tmin, dT/dt, Cycle Time, Gas Flow Rate
R
WATER QUENCH TEST THERMAL SHOCK TEST
application)
• Electrodynamic Shaker
- Sine Dwell - Random Vibration - Stepped Vibration
R
DIESEL AFTERTREATMENT VIBRATION TESTING
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY热振动试验装置 SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
- Less of a thermal degradation test
• Useful for Design Comparison
- Canning Studies (nominal vs. low limit GBD) - Design Optimization - “Cost Savings” Studies
CHARGE AMPLIFIER
SHAKER AMPLIFIER
DATA ACQUISITION COMPUTER
SHAKER TABLE
R
VIBRATION CONTROLER
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
SIGNAL CONDITIONING
THERMOCOUPLES
TEST PART
ACCELEROMETERS
- Frequency; 100 Hz - 250 Hz - Acceleration; 20 g - 75 g peak - Test Duration; 100 - 250 hours
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION
• Random Vibration
- Frequency; 50 - 2,500 Hz - Acceleration; 1 - 25 grms - Test Duration; 100 - 250 hours
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Heat Source
- CNG burner - Higher Flowrates
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
• Stepped Increase of Random Vibration Level • Highly Accelerated Durability Test
CUSTOMER DURABILITY REQUIREMENTS
- 120,000 miles (light-duty) - 150,000 miles (light heavy-duty)
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING AND ANALYSIS
• Hot Vibration Testing Combined with Water Spray
(Thermal Shock)
• Engine Exhaust, 100-200 SCFM, up to 1050°C • Vibration: Sine Dwell or Random
- Typically 25 - 100 g
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING 容器变形试验
• Measure Catalytic Converter Radial Expansion vs. Temperature
- Useful to Determine Potential Durability
• Effect of Exhaust Gas Temperature on Mat Pressure
• Aftertreatment System Vulnerable
- Substrate Support System Binders Not Completely Removed
□ Intumescent □ Non-intumescent
R
THERMAL CYCLE TESTING 热循环测试
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
R
HOT VIBRATION TEST FACILITY SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE DEPARTMENT OF
ENGINE AND EMISSIONS RESEARCH
• Vibration System
- Unholtz-Dickie Corp. - T1000 (22,000 lbf) - T2000 (20,000 lbf)
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING AND DESIGN
VALIDATION
• STRUCTURAL DUABILITY TESTING 结构耐久性试验
- Gasoline Catalytic Converter 汽油催化转化器 - Diesel Oxidation Catalyst - Diesel Particulate Filter - Selective Catalytic Reduction
• Alternate Between “Hot” and “Cool” Exhaust Gas • High Step - typically 850°C to 950°C (up to
1050°C) Low Step - typically 250°C to 350°C (min. 100°C)
• Exhaust Gas Flow Rate - 100 to 200 SCFM
Cooling Air Flow Rate - approx. 70 to 100 SCFM
• Temperature Time Rate of Change (dT/dt) Adjustable • Thermal Cycling can be Combined with Hot Vibration
• DESIGN VALIDATION 设计验证
- Verify durability over a wide range of operating conditions - OEM specific
R
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DESIGN VALIDATION
• VERIFY THAT THE CONVERTER ASSEMBLY MEETS
- Thermal Expansion Increases Gap of Mat - Loss of Substrate Holding Pressure - Leads to Converter Failure
• Dynamic and Permanent Container Deformation Measurement • Continuous Container Deformation; 0.025 mm Resolution • SAE 2000-01-0217
• Increased Use by OEMs and Canners
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
R
STEPPED VIBRATION TEST
R
VIBRATION TESTING WITH “COOL” EXHAUST STREAM
• Similar to Vibration Testing with Hot Exhaust Gas • Exhaust Gas Stream <300°C
• Stepped Vibration Test
- Random Vibration - Incremental Increase of Acceleration - Short Duration; 5 - 10 hours
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER HOT VIBRATION 催化转化器热振动
EXHAUST AFTERTREATMENT DURABILITY TESTING
AND DESIGN VALIDATION 排放后处理耐久性试验及设计验证
by
Kent B. Spreen Southwest Research Institute® Department of Engine and Emissions Research
• Water Spray Parameters Adjustable
- Typically 15 minute Hot Cycle with a 20 Second Spray Interval
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
HOT VIBRATION WITH WATER SPRAY
R
DIESEL AFTERTREATMENT VIBRATION TESTING 柴油后处理振动试验
• OEM Durability Performance Requirements • Similar to Catalytic Converter Hot Vibration • Hot or Cool Exhaust Stream Tests (depending on
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING
R
CONTAINER DEFORMATION TESTING
R
CATALYTIC CONVERTER TEMPERATURE PROFILING
催化转化器温度测量
• Inlet Gas Temperature Controlled
• Engine Exhaust Gases Produce Specified Catalyst Exotherm