高中英语语法详解：第9章 动名词

高中英语语法详解：第9章动名词
概念
动名词由动词原形+ING构成,是一种非谓语动词形式
相关知识点精讲:
1.作主语。

例如：
Fighting broke out between the South and the North. 南方与北方开战了。

2.作宾语
a. 有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。

例如：
admit 承认appreciate 感激
avoid 避免
complete完成
consider认为
delay 耽误
deny 否认
detest 讨厌
endure 忍受
enjoy 喜欢
escape 逃脱
fancy 想象
finish 完成
imagine 想象
mind 介意
miss 想念
postpone推迟
practice 训练
recall 回忆
resent 讨厌
resume 继续
resist 抵抗
risk 冒险
suggest 建议
face 面对
include 包括
stand 忍受
understand 理解
forgive 宽恕
keep 继续
例如：Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please? 你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗
The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。

b. 有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。

例如：
admit to prefer…to
lead to
devote oneself to object to
stick to
no good
no use
be fond of
look forward to be proud of
be busy
can't help
be tired of
be capable of
be afraid of think of
burst out
keep on
insist on
count on
set about
put off
take up
give up
be successful in
3.作表语，对主语说明、解释。

例如：
Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。

比较：She is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
4.作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。

例如：
a writing desk=a desk for writing 写字台
a swimming pool=a pool swimming 游泳池
有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。

例如：
boiling point=a temperature point at which something begins to boil 沸点
a walking tractor=a tractor which a driver can operate while he or she is walking behind it 手扶拖拉机
1. 动名词作主语
动名词作主语的时候，谓语动词用单数。

比如：
Eating is an important thing. 吃是一种很重要的事情。

Watching films is my favorite passtime. 看电影是我最喜欢的消遣。

Reading is necessary for you to expand you knoledge. 你需要通过阅读拓展你的知识。

动名词作主语，还可以是复合结构，前面可以有物主代词：
My opening the door anoyed him. 我开门使他烦恼。

如果动名词短语作主语，这个短语又很长，这个时候往往用it 做形式主语：
It is no use telling him to keep clean. 叫他保持干净没有用。

2. 动名词做宾语
I'm fond of cycling. 我热衷于骑行。

She is afraid of going out at night alone.她不敢夜间独自外出。

He is capable of doing nothing. 他啥也不会干。

动名词做宾语可以有复合结构，前面可以加形容词性物主代词：
Would mind my open the window? 你介意我开窗户吗?
3. 的名词作表语
His job is looking after his little brother. 他的工作是看护小弟弟。

Seeing is believing. (seeing 是主语，believing 是表语)
4. 动名词作定语
swimming pool 游泳池
living room 客厅
fishing stick 鱼竿
5. 动名词可以带宾语
因为动名词来自于动词，及物动词变成动名词之后，还保留有动词的一般属性，可以带宾语，比如：
He likes eating fish. 他喜欢吃鱼。

eatng 作为likes 的宾语，fish 是eating 的宾语。

6. 动名词的完成式和被动式
以上5点都是动名词的现在式，动名词还有完成式和被动式，其结构分别为：having done 、being done：
He was scolded for not having finished his homework.
She was blamed for being late.
指示代词不只有你知道那4 个，这5 个方面都得知道。