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2020年全国公共英语三级常见语法解析(一)
2020年全国公共英语三级常见语法解析(一)

2020年全国公共英语三级常见语法解析(一)

第一节动词的时态

一、一般现在时:

1、由when、as soon as、the minute、the moment、till、

until等引起的时间状语从句,以及由if、unless、provided that等引起的条件状语从句常常用一般现在时态表示将来的动作,而主句则

用一般将来时态。

例:They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they finish their exams.

2、当表示普遍的真理或者众所周知的客观事实,常常用一般现在

时态。例:The earth is round. 地球是圆的。

二、一般过去时:区分三个短语的用法:

1、used to do sth:过去常常做某事。

2、be/get used to doing sth:习惯做某事。

3、be used to do sth:被用于做某事。

三、一般将来时:

1、be to+动词原形:表示安排或计划好了的动作。例:The

Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day.

2、be about to+动词原形:表示即将发生的动作。例:The lecture is about to begin.讲座即将开始。

3、一些表示动作趋势,如开始、终结,以及一些表示动作方向,

如往来的动词,常常用现在实行时态表示按照安排将于将来发生的事情,这类动词常见的有如:start,go,leave,come,arrive等。例:We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我们明天动身去北京。

四、实行时态:

重点区分when和while引起的时间状语的用法。

When表示时间上的点,在考试中其引导的时间状语从句多翻译为“这时?”,主句多用实行时态;while引导的时间状语从句多翻译为“正当……时”,该从句用实行时态。例:One of the guards was sleeping when the general came in, which made him very angry.

I fell and hurt myself while I was playing tennis.

五、现在完成时:

重点区分have (has) been to:某人去过某地,表示一种经历,强调状态,能够和once,twice,often,never,ever连用;

Have (has) gone to:某人在去某地的途中或已在某地,强调动作。此句型不能与上述时间状语连用。例:He has gone to America.他已经去了美国。He has been to America twice.他去过美国两次。

六、过去完成时:

1、强调一个动作发生在另外一个过去的动作之前时,用过去完成时。

2、It was the first/second/last time that? 在该句型,that 从句用过去完成时态。

七、将来完成时:

常常标志性地由by、by the time、by the end of引起一个表示将来时间段的时间状语,主句用将来完成时态。

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