英语语言学试题1

英语语言学试题1

I. Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (2’×10=20’)

1.An i________ act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention; it is the act performed in saying

something.

2.L_____ is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.

3.Different languages offer people different ways of expressing the world around, and so they think

and speak differently: this is the well-known linguistic r_________.

4.Clear ［1］and dark［ł］are allophones of the same one phoneme /1/.They never take the same

position in sound combinations, thus they are said to be in c__________ distribution.

5.Pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items, such as “father”

and “son”, are called r________ antonyms.

6.The ways words are formed are called m_______ rules and these rules determine how morphemes

are combined together to form words.

7.The study of the linguistic meaning of word, phrase and sentence is called s_________.

8.While the meaning of a sentence is abstract and decontextualized, that of an u________ is concrete

and context-dependent.

9.Sound a___________ refers to the physiological effect of one sound on another. In this process,

successive sounds are made identical and similar to one another in terms of place and manner of articulation.

10.In many societies of the world, we find a large number of people who speak more than one language. As a characteristic of societies, b________ inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.

Ⅱ. Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement. (2’×10=20’)

1.Which of the followings is not a design feature of language? ( )

A. Arbitrariness

B. Meaningfulness

C. Duality

D. Displacement

2.The consonant /b/ in English can be correctly described as having the following phonetic

features___________. ( )

A. voiceless bilabial stop

B. voiceless labiodental affricative

C. voiced bilabial stop

D. voiced labiodental affricative

3. If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be

A. prescriptive

B. descriptive

C. linguistic

D. analytic

4.The sentence that has a NP and a VP can be shown in a _______ formula “S→NP VP”. ( ) A.

A. hierarchical

B. linear

C. tree diagram

D. vertical

ponential analysis is a way to analyze _______ meaning.

A. phoneme

B. word

C. phrase

D. sentence

6.According to Searle, those illocutionary acts whose point is to commit (promise) the speaker to

some future course of action are called _______.( )

A. commisives

B. directives

C. expressives

D. declaratives

7.The term _______ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies

language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.( )

A. synchronic

B. diachronic

C. comparative

D. historical comparative

8.________ refers to the relationship between a more general word and a more specific one，such as

between color: red, green ,blue, white and black. ( )

A. Synomymy

B. Hyponymy

C. Polysemy

D. Homonymy

9.A_______ is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people

who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading. Nobody takes it as his mother tongue. ( ) A creole B diglossia C pidgin D dialect

10.________ is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional,

social, gender, and age variations.

A. Ethnic dialect

B. Sociolect

C. Idiolect

D. Regional dialect

Ⅲ. Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or

F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. (1’×15=15’)

1.General linguistics, which relates itself to the research of other areas, studies the basic concept,

theories, descriptions, models and method applicable in any linguistic study.

2.In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.

3.In English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a long vowel such

as/i:/, the larynx is in a state of tension.

4.The sentence that “it is hot” is no-place predication because it contains no argument.

5.A sociolect is a linguistic variety used by people living in the same geographical region.