4种槭树属树种种子休眠原因及解除方法

第33卷第2期西南林业大学学报Vol．33No．2 2013年4月JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST FORESTRY UNIVERSITY Apr．2013 doi：10．3969/j．issn．2095－1914．2013．02．010

4种槭树属树种种子休眠原因及解除方法

吴静侯静马秋月李淑娴

（南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院，江苏南京210037）

摘要：对4种槭树属树种种子休眠原因及其解除方法研究发现:五角枫、元宝枫、鸡爪槭和美国红枫的种皮具有一定的透水性，种皮透水性不是造成4种植物种子休眠的主要原因。离体胚活力测定表明，槭树属树种种子胚无休眠现象。在解除种子休眠的处理中，干种子直接低温层积解除休眠所需时间最长，种子在清水或赤霉素中浸种36h，解除休眠所需时间明显短于干种子直接层积，但赤霉素浸种和清水浸种2个处理之间的差异并不显著，赤霉素浸种时间的长短对解除种子休眠的影响不大。赤霉素浸种48h后再变温层积10d，鸡爪槭和美国红枫种子的休眠即可解除，明显短于低温层积的时间，赤霉素浸种结合变温层积，是解除这2个树种种子休眠的较好方法。

关键词：槭树属;种子休眠;低温层积;内源抑制物;变温层积

中图分类号：S722.3文献标志码：A文章编号：2095－1914（2013）02－0048－04 Seed Dormancy Mechanism of Four Acer Species

and the Methods for Dormancy Breaking

WU Jing，HOU Jing，MA Qiu-yue，LI Shu-xian

（College of Forest Resources and Environment，Nanjing Forestry University，Nanjing Jiangsu210037，China）Abstract：A systematic study was conducted to explore the causes of seed dormancy of4species in Acer genus and the corresponding methods for dormancy breaking．The results showed that the fruit pericarp of the4species had good water permeability，which suggested that pericarp permeability was not the main reason to inhibit seed germination．The vitality test of the in-vitro embryo showed that the embryo of Acer seeds didn't undergo dormancy．Among the dormancy breaking treatments，the low temperature stratification taken directly with the dry seeds re-quested the longest time，the time needed for dormancy breaking was obviously shortened by soaking the seeds in gibberellic acid（GA）solution or in pure water for36h before the low temperature stratification．But there was no significant difference between the methods to soak the seeds in GA solution or in the pure water for36h．The tests also showed that the seed soaking time duration in GA solution did not impact much on dormancy breaking effect．The seed dormancy for Acer rubrum and A．palmatum could be overcome by soaking the seeds in GA solution for48 h and followed by10days stratification with alternating temperature，and the time required was much shorter than that of needed with regular low temperature stratification．Therefore，it was concluded that the better treatment to break the seed dormancy for the above two species would be soaking the seeds in GA solution combined with alter-nating temperature stratification．

Key words：genus Acer；seed dormancy；cold stratification；inhibitory substances；seed stratification at alterna-ting temperature

收稿日期：2012－11－21

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目（31270711）资助。

第1作者：吴静（1989—），女，硕士生。研究方向：森林保护。E-mail：bingningangle@163．com。

通信作者：李淑娴（1968—）女，副教授。研究方向：林木种苗。E-mail：shuxianli@njfu．com．cn。