初中英语名词专项

________ people.
A. less, fewer
B. fewer, less
C. little, little
D. few, few
5. In the picture there are manyC______ and two_______.
A. sheeps; knifes
B. sheeps; knife
名词是表示人、事物、地点的名称或者 抽象概念的词。
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类。
专有名词是特定的或独一无二的人或事物。
专有名词的第一个字母要大写，人名、地名、国家名、景
专有名词： 观名、公共节日及月份等等都是属于专有名词。如：Yao
Ming, China, March, New Year’s Day等。
woman teacher→women teachers 但其他合成名词，只要把合成名词中的中心词变为复数形式。 如：a banana tree→ banana trees
a boy students→ boy students
不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词 如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。另外还有：
_a_n_ unusual thing _a__ univercity _a_n_ MP3
名词的复数形式
1.复数形式的构成方法 (1) 一般在名词后加“s” dog – dogs (2) 以__s_、__x、__c_h_、_s_h___结尾的名词加“es” boxes watches buses brushes
medicine wood work time space music money change weather homework information news advice knowledge
1.不可数名词无复数形式，作主语时常看成__单__数_ 盘子里有一些面包。 There is some bread on the plate. 没有消息就是好消息。 No news is good news.
C. sheep; knives
D. sheep; knife
6. There are four__D_____and two_______in the
group.
A. Japanese，Germen
B. Japaneses，Germen
C. Japanese，German
D. Japanese，Germans
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” country – countries factory – factories 如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加_“__s”
boy – boys monkey – monkeys
(4)以o结尾的名词加_“__s”_
radio – radios zoo – zoos ___p_o_ta_t_o_, _to_m_a_to_和__h_e_ro_____ 加“es”构成复数
Englishmen
two Swedes
(7)有些名词无单数形式。 如：people(作“人们”解时) police clothes.
(8)pants, shorts, glasses (眼镜)只用复数形式。
(9)由man, woman 构成的合成名词，变复数时将名词及man, woman都变成复数。 如：man driver→men drivers
4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情 况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
(1) glass(玻璃)– a glass (玻璃杯) paper(纸) – a paper (报纸) work(工作) – a work (著作) room(空间) – a room (房间) time(时间) – times (时代)
国籍 中国人 瑞士人 澳大利亚人 俄国人 意大利人 希腊人 法国人 日本人 美国人 印度人 加拿大人 德国人 英国人
瑞典人
总称（谓语用复数）
单数
the Chinese
a Chinese
the Swiss the Australians the Russians the Italians the Greek the French
(Ⅹ ) (√ )
3.The young is dancing there. 4.The young are dancing there. 5.Physics are very difficult to learn. 6.Physics is very difficult to learn. 7.We have five Germen in this meeting. 8.We have five Germans in this meeting.
(2) fruit(水果) – fruits (各种水果) fish(鱼) – fishes (各种鱼)
1. Please give me _D_____ paper. A. one B. a pieces C. a piece D. a piece of
2. This table is made of___D____. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass
news, weather
名词的单数形式
一般可用__a___来修饰 a car a book
在元音音素开头的单词前用__a_n__ an elephant an apple an eraser __a_n__ hour __a_n_ honest boy __an__ interesting book. 请注意：_a__useful thing
个体名词 nurse, house, horse, apple, pen
可数：
名
集体名词 people, family, class, trousers
词
的 种
普通名词：
类
物质名词： water, paper, air, milk
不可数：
抽象名词： work, housework,
homework, information,
(Ⅹ ) ( √) ( Ⅹ) (√ ) (Ⅹ ) (√ )
9.This is one of the English-Chinese dictionary. ( Ⅹ )
10.This is one of the English-Chinese dictionaries. ( √)
指点迷津
1. Ten years _i_s____(is ,are) short time for me. 2. A pair of shoes _is_____(is, are) under the bed. 3. The number of the students in our school i_s____(is ,are) 2,000. 4. The woman with two children __is____( is ,are ) coming here. 5. Neither he nor I _a_m___(are, am ) an American.
3. —What can I do for you, sir?
—I'd like two___C______.
A.bottle of milk
B.bottles of milks
C.bottles of milk
D.bottle of milks
4. We can do the work better with__A____money and
much little
Baidu Nhomakorabea
3.常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of等来表示不可数名词的量, There is a piece of paper on the desk.
桌子上有一张纸。
注意：可数名词也可用量来表示， of后用复数 篮子里有两袋鸡蛋。 There are two bags of eggs in the basket.
His family _is__ not poor any more.
他家再也不穷了。
I hope your family _a_re__quite well.
我希望你的家人身体都很好。
1.The Browns is going to visit China. 2.The Browns are going to visit China.
the Swedish
a Swede
复数
two Chinese
two Swiss two Australians two Russians two Italians two Greeks
two Frenchmen two Japanese
two Americans two Indians two Canadians two Germans two
tooth – teeth foot – feet goose-geese
c.变man为 men man – men woman – women policeman – policemen Frenchman – Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人) – Germans (“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)
potato – potatoes tomato – tomatoes (5)以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es”
wife – wives
shelf – shelves
knives
knife –
leaf – leaves
(6)可数名词的不规则变化 a.单复数同形 Chinese – Chinese, Japanese – Japanese, fish – fish, sheep–sheep,deer-deer b.变元音字母oo为ee
a Swiss an Australian a Russian an Italian a Greek a Frenchman
the Japanese
a Japanese
the Americans the Indians the Canadians the Germans the English
an American an Indian a Canadian a Germans an Englishman