冠状动脉介入术护理分析
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Key word: Coronary intervention; nursing; complications;
目 录
绪论 1
1 护理 1
1.1常规护理 1
1.1.1术前常规护理 1
1.1.2术中常规护理 1
1.1.3术后常规护理 1
1.2心理护理 1
2 术后并发症及其相关因素 1
2.1迷走神经反射 1
关键词：冠状动脉介入术； 护理； 并发症；
ABSTRACT
This article summarized the nursing measures of coronary intervention, including the possible complications before, during and after coronary intervention, the factors causing complications and nursing interventions. So as to facilitate the nursing work, so that coronary artery intervention patients can get better and more comprehensive nursing measures, and improve the quality of life of patients. After coronary artery intervention surgery, some patients will appear bleeding at the puncture site, clinical observation of some patients * postoperative urinary retention, or vagus nerve reflex, postoperative hypotension, deep vein thrombosis, and some patients also have allergic reactions to contrast media after operation. These are common postoperative complications. Due to the coma of patients after operation, they are unable to move autonomously, so the nurses need to turn over the patients regularly to prevent bedsore. Therefore, nursing staff should have rich clinical experience and solid theoretical knowledge, strong emergency response ability, and be in danger. The patients who return to the ward after operation shall closely monitor the vital signs of the patients, timely handle and fully understand the risk factors of complications in case of any abnormality, and well prepare for all rescue cooperation and rescue materials. After operation, it is necessary to observe the changes of various indexes and the dynamic situation of ECG, so as to realize early detection and treatment, and promote the recovery of patients.
摘 要
本文将冠状动脉介入术护理措施进行概述，其中包括冠状动脉介入术术前、术中、术后可能发生的并发症、引起并发症的因素及护理干预措施。从而方便护理工作，使冠心病病人行冠状动脉介入术得到更好更全的护理措施，提高病人的生活质量。冠状动脉介入手术后的经研究有的病人会出现穿刺部位的渗血、经临床观察有的患者术后处出现尿潴留、或者迷走神经反射、术后低血压、深静脉血栓的形成，在术后也有部分患者出现对造影剂发生过敏反应。这些都是常见的术后的并发症。由于患者术后昏迷的原因，无法自主活动，护理人员需要定时为患者翻身、防止褥疮的发生。因此，护理人员应有丰富的临床经验及扎实的理论知识，需要有较强应急能力，需要做到临危不乱。术后返病房的病人要严密监测患者的生命体征情况，发现异常需要及时的处理并充分的了解并发症发生的危险因素，做好各项抢救配合和抢救用物的准备状态。术后需积极观察各项指标的变化及心电图的动态情况，做到早发现、早处理，促进患者康复。
2.2尿潴留 2
2.3心包压塞 2
2.4出血、血肿和假性动脉瘤 2
2.5肢 造影剂反应 3
2.8 预防褥疮 3
2.9 加强营养支持疗法 3
3 规范手术管理 3
结 论 4
致 谢 5
参考文献 6
绪论
目前心病、心肌梗死的主要方法为经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术，由于手术的创面较小，颇受医患的欢迎[1]。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗尽管是微创手术，但因病人本身潜在的危险因素及操作者和抗凝治疗等原因，也可能会出现一些严重的并发症[2]。为此，临床护理工作者进行了积极的探索，笔者综述如下。
1 护理
1.1常规护理
1.1.1术前常规护理
①详细检查患者身体，了解患者病情，注意术前一两天大便颜色；②向患者讲解手术原理和手术过程，介绍注意事项和手术配合要点；可以鼓励患者与术后患者交流；③做好备皮，按需要准备腕部、腹股沟和会阴部皮肤；建立静脉通道；④密切关注患者情绪，对于高度紧张患者，于术前1 h内适度给予镇静剂。
目 录
绪论 1
1 护理 1
1.1常规护理 1
1.1.1术前常规护理 1
1.1.2术中常规护理 1
1.1.3术后常规护理 1
1.2心理护理 1
2 术后并发症及其相关因素 1
2.1迷走神经反射 1
关键词：冠状动脉介入术； 护理； 并发症；
ABSTRACT
This article summarized the nursing measures of coronary intervention, including the possible complications before, during and after coronary intervention, the factors causing complications and nursing interventions. So as to facilitate the nursing work, so that coronary artery intervention patients can get better and more comprehensive nursing measures, and improve the quality of life of patients. After coronary artery intervention surgery, some patients will appear bleeding at the puncture site, clinical observation of some patients * postoperative urinary retention, or vagus nerve reflex, postoperative hypotension, deep vein thrombosis, and some patients also have allergic reactions to contrast media after operation. These are common postoperative complications. Due to the coma of patients after operation, they are unable to move autonomously, so the nurses need to turn over the patients regularly to prevent bedsore. Therefore, nursing staff should have rich clinical experience and solid theoretical knowledge, strong emergency response ability, and be in danger. The patients who return to the ward after operation shall closely monitor the vital signs of the patients, timely handle and fully understand the risk factors of complications in case of any abnormality, and well prepare for all rescue cooperation and rescue materials. After operation, it is necessary to observe the changes of various indexes and the dynamic situation of ECG, so as to realize early detection and treatment, and promote the recovery of patients.
摘 要
本文将冠状动脉介入术护理措施进行概述，其中包括冠状动脉介入术术前、术中、术后可能发生的并发症、引起并发症的因素及护理干预措施。从而方便护理工作，使冠心病病人行冠状动脉介入术得到更好更全的护理措施，提高病人的生活质量。冠状动脉介入手术后的经研究有的病人会出现穿刺部位的渗血、经临床观察有的患者术后处出现尿潴留、或者迷走神经反射、术后低血压、深静脉血栓的形成，在术后也有部分患者出现对造影剂发生过敏反应。这些都是常见的术后的并发症。由于患者术后昏迷的原因，无法自主活动，护理人员需要定时为患者翻身、防止褥疮的发生。因此，护理人员应有丰富的临床经验及扎实的理论知识，需要有较强应急能力，需要做到临危不乱。术后返病房的病人要严密监测患者的生命体征情况，发现异常需要及时的处理并充分的了解并发症发生的危险因素，做好各项抢救配合和抢救用物的准备状态。术后需积极观察各项指标的变化及心电图的动态情况，做到早发现、早处理，促进患者康复。
2.2尿潴留 2
2.3心包压塞 2
2.4出血、血肿和假性动脉瘤 2
2.5肢 造影剂反应 3
2.8 预防褥疮 3
2.9 加强营养支持疗法 3
3 规范手术管理 3
结 论 4
致 谢 5
参考文献 6
绪论
目前心病、心肌梗死的主要方法为经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术，由于手术的创面较小，颇受医患的欢迎[1]。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗尽管是微创手术，但因病人本身潜在的危险因素及操作者和抗凝治疗等原因，也可能会出现一些严重的并发症[2]。为此，临床护理工作者进行了积极的探索，笔者综述如下。
1 护理
1.1常规护理
1.1.1术前常规护理
①详细检查患者身体，了解患者病情，注意术前一两天大便颜色；②向患者讲解手术原理和手术过程，介绍注意事项和手术配合要点；可以鼓励患者与术后患者交流；③做好备皮，按需要准备腕部、腹股沟和会阴部皮肤；建立静脉通道；④密切关注患者情绪，对于高度紧张患者，于术前1 h内适度给予镇静剂。