第四部分 也是造山型矿床吗？
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– porphyry, intrusion-hosted, skarn, carb-replacement, non-carb replacement, breccia, vein
– 斑岩型、侵入体赋存型、矽卡岩型、碳酸盐岩交代型、非碳酸盐岩交 代型、角砾岩型、脉型
• Of 25 examples, most are associated with Cu, most are Itype, metaluminous, oxidized…..most are arcy
Only Producing Lode
186 Mt of 0.93 gpt Au , 7Moz
Sheeted veins 席状脉体
Carapace岩浆壳
Volatiles 挥发分
from Baker, NZ 2005
Tectonic Setting 构造背景
Reduced IRGS position far inboard from the arc,
continental margins plutonic belts are best
还原的与侵入体有关的金矿位于远离岛弧的陆内，大陆板块边 缘的深成岩带是最佳位置
“Intrusion-Related”?
这是否意味着造山型金矿 是与侵入岩有关的呢？
Intrusion-Related Gold Deposits
与侵入岩有关的金矿床
• First suggested by Sillitoe (1991) 最早由Sillitoe提出 • 6 sub-classes, first indication of system • 六大亚类，系统最初指示
Alaska/Yukon Redox StBiblioteka Baidute
阿拉斯加/育空地区的氧化还原态
Reduced Ilmenite-series
还原的钛铁矿系列
Oxidized Magnetite-series
氧化的磁铁矿系列
Cantung - 9Mt of 1.6% WO3
Paleozoic carbonate 古生界碳酸盐岩
• 与Sillitoe (1991)的区别在于强调相关岩体和流体的低氧化（还原） 态
Granite Series & Metallogeny
花岗岩系与成矿
Oxidized 氧化的
Fe2O3 FeO
Cu-Au
Cu-Mo
Mo
AWu
Sn
Reduced 还原的 Mafic
基性的
Felsic 酸性的
与侵入岩有关的大型金矿床的分布
• Recognized gold-mineralization associated with more reduced, more felsic, more aluminous (S-typey), more lithophile-rich (WSn) plutons
• 认识到与金矿化相关的岩体更还原、更酸性、更富铝（S型）和亲石 元素。
• No associated copper 不伴生铜
• Emphasized low-oxidation state (reduced) of associated plutons and fluids to differentiate from IRG Deposits of Sillitoe (1991)
x
x x
x
x x
HOWEVER, There is a Very Common Spatial/Temporal Association of
Orogenic Gold with Granitoids
造山型金矿通常与花岗岩 类有空间/时间上的联系
SO, Does that Imply Orogenic Gold is
Cretaceous granite 白垩纪花岗岩
110 Ma 120 Ma
95 Ma W-Sn
Cu-Fe-Au
W-Sn
Reduced IRGS Characteristics
还原的与侵入岩有关金矿体系特征
• Associated Plutons: Metaluminous to peraluminous, sub-alkalic to alkalic, intermediate to felsic compositions
Part IV) ALSO OROGENIC DEPOSITS? 第四部分 也是造山型矿床吗？
X • WITWATERSRAND 兰德型 X • CARLIN ORES 卡林型 X• IRGD 与侵入体有关的金矿
Intrusion-Related Gold Systems
与侵入体有关的金矿体系
Summarized from Craig J. R. Hart
• 25个实例中，多数与铜有关，花岗岩大多为I型，准铝质，氧 化型…多数为弧型
• Included Muruntau 包括穆龙套
Reduced Intrusion-related Gold Systems
与还原型侵入体有关的金矿体系
• Thompson, Sillitoe et al. (1999) IRG with W-Sn in MD; Thompson and Newberry (2000) “SEG Gold in 2000” volume; Lang et al. (2000) SEG Newsletter
• 相关侵入体：准铝到过铝质，亚碱性到碱性，中性到酸性成分
• Metals: Bi, Te, W, As and/or Sb, with low base metals • 金属：铋、碲、钨、砷/锑，以及少量贱金属
• Sulphides: Low total sulphide content, reduced assemblage po-py-aspy
• 硫化物：硫化物总量低，还原矿物组合：雌黄铁矿-黄铁矿-砷 黄铁矿
• Fluids: Carbonic low salinity fluids流体：含碳低盐度流体
• Tectonic Setting: Inboard tectonic setting • 构造背景：板内构造背景
• Associated with W, or less commonly, Sn
– 斑岩型、侵入体赋存型、矽卡岩型、碳酸盐岩交代型、非碳酸盐岩交 代型、角砾岩型、脉型
• Of 25 examples, most are associated with Cu, most are Itype, metaluminous, oxidized…..most are arcy
Only Producing Lode
186 Mt of 0.93 gpt Au , 7Moz
Sheeted veins 席状脉体
Carapace岩浆壳
Volatiles 挥发分
from Baker, NZ 2005
Tectonic Setting 构造背景
Reduced IRGS position far inboard from the arc,
continental margins plutonic belts are best
还原的与侵入体有关的金矿位于远离岛弧的陆内，大陆板块边 缘的深成岩带是最佳位置
“Intrusion-Related”?
这是否意味着造山型金矿 是与侵入岩有关的呢？
Intrusion-Related Gold Deposits
与侵入岩有关的金矿床
• First suggested by Sillitoe (1991) 最早由Sillitoe提出 • 6 sub-classes, first indication of system • 六大亚类，系统最初指示
Alaska/Yukon Redox StBiblioteka Baidute
阿拉斯加/育空地区的氧化还原态
Reduced Ilmenite-series
还原的钛铁矿系列
Oxidized Magnetite-series
氧化的磁铁矿系列
Cantung - 9Mt of 1.6% WO3
Paleozoic carbonate 古生界碳酸盐岩
• 与Sillitoe (1991)的区别在于强调相关岩体和流体的低氧化（还原） 态
Granite Series & Metallogeny
花岗岩系与成矿
Oxidized 氧化的
Fe2O3 FeO
Cu-Au
Cu-Mo
Mo
AWu
Sn
Reduced 还原的 Mafic
基性的
Felsic 酸性的
与侵入岩有关的大型金矿床的分布
• Recognized gold-mineralization associated with more reduced, more felsic, more aluminous (S-typey), more lithophile-rich (WSn) plutons
• 认识到与金矿化相关的岩体更还原、更酸性、更富铝（S型）和亲石 元素。
• No associated copper 不伴生铜
• Emphasized low-oxidation state (reduced) of associated plutons and fluids to differentiate from IRG Deposits of Sillitoe (1991)
x
x x
x
x x
HOWEVER, There is a Very Common Spatial/Temporal Association of
Orogenic Gold with Granitoids
造山型金矿通常与花岗岩 类有空间/时间上的联系
SO, Does that Imply Orogenic Gold is
Cretaceous granite 白垩纪花岗岩
110 Ma 120 Ma
95 Ma W-Sn
Cu-Fe-Au
W-Sn
Reduced IRGS Characteristics
还原的与侵入岩有关金矿体系特征
• Associated Plutons: Metaluminous to peraluminous, sub-alkalic to alkalic, intermediate to felsic compositions
Part IV) ALSO OROGENIC DEPOSITS? 第四部分 也是造山型矿床吗？
X • WITWATERSRAND 兰德型 X • CARLIN ORES 卡林型 X• IRGD 与侵入体有关的金矿
Intrusion-Related Gold Systems
与侵入体有关的金矿体系
Summarized from Craig J. R. Hart
• 25个实例中，多数与铜有关，花岗岩大多为I型，准铝质，氧 化型…多数为弧型
• Included Muruntau 包括穆龙套
Reduced Intrusion-related Gold Systems
与还原型侵入体有关的金矿体系
• Thompson, Sillitoe et al. (1999) IRG with W-Sn in MD; Thompson and Newberry (2000) “SEG Gold in 2000” volume; Lang et al. (2000) SEG Newsletter
• 相关侵入体：准铝到过铝质，亚碱性到碱性，中性到酸性成分
• Metals: Bi, Te, W, As and/or Sb, with low base metals • 金属：铋、碲、钨、砷/锑，以及少量贱金属
• Sulphides: Low total sulphide content, reduced assemblage po-py-aspy
• 硫化物：硫化物总量低，还原矿物组合：雌黄铁矿-黄铁矿-砷 黄铁矿
• Fluids: Carbonic low salinity fluids流体：含碳低盐度流体
• Tectonic Setting: Inboard tectonic setting • 构造背景：板内构造背景
• Associated with W, or less commonly, Sn